OBSERVATIONS ON THE LARVAL AND POST-METAMORPHIC LIFE OF CONCHOLEPAS-CONCHOLEPAS (BRUGUIERE, 1789) IN LABORATORY CULTURE

Volume: 30Start Page: 358End Page: 36

CULTURE OF THE CALIFORNIA RED ABALONE HALIOTIS-RUFESCENS SWAINSON (1822) IN CHILE

Volume: 27Start Page: 101End Page: 10

LIMON2 - THE 1ST METALLIC LAYERED NITRIDE

We report the first example of a layered ternary lithium nitride in which the lithium can be deintercalated and reintercalated. The synthesis of LiMoN2 is also the first example of a ternary nitride formed from either the ammonolysis of a molecular organometallic molecule, Li2Mo(NtBu)4 or the ammonolysis of a ternary oxide, Li2MoO4. Elucidation of the unique structure, in a classic illustration, required both synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction data. The space group is R3 with lattice parameters (angstrom; from the neutron data) of a = 2.8674 (2) and c = 15.801 (2). The ideal structure consists of MoN2 layers with Mo in trigonal prismatic holes and Li in octahedral holes between the MoN2 layers. The presence of cation anti-site defects was clearly indicated by the joint X-ray/neutron data refinement; the structure is best described as (Li0.85Mo0.15)oct(Mo0.85Li0.15)tpN2. LiMoN2 is Pauli paramagnetic with chi-0 = 0.59 X 10(-6) emu g-1. We have employed a variety of different oxidizing agents for the deintercalation of the lithium from LiMoN2 and have been able to deintercalate up to 64% of the lithium. This deintercalated species can be reintercalated with n-butyllithium at room temperature. In contrast, electrochemical studies show a large hysteresis in the charge/discharge cycles with no reversibility

Shift from coral to macroalgae dominance on a volcanically acidified reef

Rising anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere is accompanied by an increase in oceanic CO2 and a concomitant decline in seawater pH (ref. 1). This phenomenon, known as ocean acidification (OA), has been experimentally shown to impact the biology and ecology of numerous animals and plants2, most notably those that precipitate calcium carbonate skeletons, such as reef-building corals3. Volcanically acidified water at Maug, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) is equivalent to near-future predictions for what coral reef ecosystems will experience worldwide due to OA. We provide the first chemical and ecological assessment of this unique site and show that acidification-related stress significantly influences the abundance and diversity of coral reef taxa, leading to the often-predicted shift from a coral to an algae-dominated state4, 5. This study provides field evidence that acidification can lead to macroalgae dominance on reefs