36 research outputs found

    Desigualdade no acesso a medicamentos para doenças crÎnicas em mulheres brasileiras

    Full text link
    O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a prevalĂȘncia de acesso a medicamentos para tratamento de doenças crĂŽnicas e a existĂȘncia de desigualdades socioeconĂŽmicas no acesso. Os dados sĂŁo da Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e SaĂșde e da Mulher e da Criança de 2006, com uma amostra de 15.575 mulheres (15 a 49 anos). Dessas, 7.717 tiveram diagnĂłstico de doença crĂŽnica com necessidade de obtenção de medicamento e foram consideradas elegĂ­veis para o estudo. O desfecho foi construĂ­do com base no diagnĂłstico de doença crĂŽnica e na necessidade de obtenção de medicamento para o tratamento. A anĂĄlise ajustada foi conduzida usando-se a regressĂŁo de Poisson. Os grupos que apresentaram maior prevalĂȘncia de acesso foram os domiciliados na zona rural, com uma ou duas doenças crĂŽnicas e com nĂ­vel socioeconĂŽmico mais elevado. A prevalĂȘncia de acesso encontrada foi alta, no entanto, as anĂĄlises demonstram que existe desigualdade socioeconĂŽmica no acesso a medicamentos a favor dos mais ricos, identificando como grupo mais vulnerĂĄvel aquele dos indivĂ­duos mais pobres e com maior nĂșmero de doenças crĂŽnicas

    How do you perceive threat? It's all in your pattern of brain activity

    Get PDF
    Whether subtle differences in the emotional context during threat perception can be detected by multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) remains a topic of debate. To investigate this question, we compared the ability of pattern recognition analysis to discriminate between patterns of brain activity to a threatening versus a physically paired neutral stimulus in two different emotional contexts (the stimulus being directed towards or away from the viewer). The directionality of the stimuli is known to be an important factor in activating different defensive responses. Using multiple kernel learning (MKL) classification models, we accurately discriminated patterns of brain activation to threat versus neutral stimuli in the directed towards context but not during the directed away context. Furthermore, we investigated whether it was possible to decode an individual's subjective threat perception from patterns of whole-brain activity to threatening stimuli in the different emotional contexts using MKL regression models. Interestingly, we were able to accurately predict the subjective threat perception index from the pattern of brain activation to threat only during the directed away context. These results show that subtle differences in the emotional context during threat perception can be detected by MVPA. In the directed towards context, the threat perception was more intense, potentially producing more homogeneous patterns of brain activation across individuals. In the directed away context, the threat perception was relatively less intense and more variable across individuals, enabling the regression model to successfully capture the individual differences and predict the subjective threat perception
    corecore