College students\u27 attitudes towards credit cards

Based on previous studies and using an approach of tripartite classification of attitude, an instrument measuring college students\u27 attitudes toward credit was carefully constructed. Its reliability and validity were tested. Chi‐square tests indicated that the factors associated with differences in attitude towards credit card use comprising three components ‐ affective, cognitive and behavioural included gender, academic major, living arrangement, number of credit cards owned, number of all cards (store cards, phone cards, and petrol cards) owned, time of using credit cards, and cosignment status. Implications for consumer credit educators and practitioners were specified. Copyright © 1995, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserve

Pupli control ideology and the salience of teacher characteristics

Australian Pupil Control Ideology (PCI) studies have generally utilized small samples in an endeavour to establish significant relationships between teacher/administrator control orientation, and a variety of person-specific variables. The present study examines the tenability of a number of American biographically-derived hypotheses in the Australian context. The explanatory power of the combined biographical variables of teacher age, experience, sex, organizational status and academic qualifications for variances in PCI is seriously questioned since as little as 6 percent of PCI variance may be explained by reference to these particular variables. Some potentially more fruitful avenues of enquiry for future PCI research are proffered

Hernioplastia diafragmática em cão com pericárdio bovino conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar Diaphragmatic hernioplasty in dogs with bovine pericardium preserved in supersaturated sugar solution

Foram utilizados sete cães adultos, três machos e quatro fêmeas, sem raça definida, com pesos entre 10 e 22kg, para avaliação do processo cicatricial do músculo diafragma, na presença do implante de pericárdio bovino conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300%. Foi criado um defeito na porção muscular do hemidiafragma esquerdo de dimensões 8,0×5,0cm. Após a toracotomia no oitavo espaço intercostal esquerdo, o implante heterógeno foi fixado com fio poliamida nº 3-0 por meio de sutura simples contínua. Decorrido o período pré-estabelecido de pós-operatório, os animais foram submetidos a exames radiográficos simples e contrastado e a estudos macroscópico e histológico. Na avaliação radiográfica, foi verificada presença das silhuetas diafragmática e cardíaca, sem evidências de vísceras abdominais no interior do tórax. Macroscopicamente, notou-se a formação de tecido conjuntivo fibroso semi-transparente que ocluia o defeito diafragmático. O segmento de pericárdio bovino conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300%, em temperatura ambiente, é substituído por uma fina camada de tecido conjuntivo fibroso e promove a restauração do defeito no músculo diafragma de cão.<br>Seven adult mongrel dogs, three males and four females, weighting between 10 and 22kg were used to evaluate the diaphragmatic muscle healing process. A defect of 8.0×5.5cm was created at the muscular portion of the left hemidiaphragm, through a thoracotomy at the eighth left intercostal space. A segment of bovine pericardium, preserved in 300% sugar solution, was implanted in the diaphragmatic defect. The heterologous implant was sutured with 3.0 polyamide using simple continuous suture. After the observation period, radiologic analysis and macroscopic and histopathologic evaluations were performed. Upon radiographic examination, there was no evidence of interruption of diaphragmatic outline or increased radiopacity at the implantation site. Histologically, fine connective tissue occluded the diaphragmatic defect. Bovine pericardium preserved in 300% supersaturated sugar solution at room temperature is replaced by a fine layer of connective fibrous tissue and promote repair of large diaphragmatic defects in dogs

Leadership of academics in research

Leadership is a key issue for universities and is increasingly regarded as beneficial to improved performance across all activities, including research. This article reports on part of a completed doctoral study that had the aim of developing a deeper understanding of the role of leadership as it relates to hospitality management research by university academics. A qualitative research design was employed comprising 20 semi-structured face-to-face interviews with academics in case studies of a pre-1992 and a post-1992 university. The transcripts from these plus the review of documentary materials and the analysis of reflective notes formed the basis of the findings. Detailed insights and examples of academic leadership in universities were revealed and new ways of thinking about research leadership developed. From the perceptions of the academic interviewees a view of research leadership emerged which indicated that it is important; the context of leadership is crucial; it is both formal and informal and is dispersed; that self-leadership exists; that it possesses many relationship patterns and that it is concerned with both the leadership of people and the subject.</p