MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT AND NYMPHAL INSTARS OF GUSTAVIA LONGISETA (ACARI: ORIBATIDA: GUSTAVIIDAE)

The oribatid mite, Gustavia longiseta Mahunka, 1984 (Gustaviidae) is redescribed in details, on the basis of specimens from Ethiopia. Nymphal instars of this species are described and illustrated for the first time

ZETORCHELLA NORTONI, A NEW SPECIES OF ORIBATID MITE FROM ETHIOPIA (ACARI: ORIBATIDA: CALOPPIIDAE)

The oribatid mite genus Zetorchella (Acari: Oribatida: Caloppiidae) comprises 16 species. We describe Zetorchella nortoni sp. n., collected in mosses on trees from Ethiopia. The new species is most similar to Zetorchella orbiculata Wen, Zhao, 1994 (Asia, China), but differs from this species by the length of the body, the morphology of sensilli, the length of interlamellar setae, and the morphology of notogastral setae p2, and p3. Among African species the new species is most similar to Zetorchella basylewskyi (Balogh, 1958), but differs from this species by body size, the length of interlamellar setae and setae c, and the morphology of notogastral setae

ORIBATID MITES OF THE GENERA BASILOBELBA AND HETEROBELBA (ACARI: ORIBATIDA: AMEROIDEA) FROM BALE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK (ETHIOPIA)

We describe Basilobelba gigantea sp. n. and redescribe Heterobelba spumosa, collected in soil of Bale Mountains National Park (African region, Ethiopia). Basilobelba gigantea sp. n. is most similar in morphology prodorsal and epimeral setae, number of notogaster setae, morphology of arched scalp-attachment structures, weakly neotrichy on ventral plate to the Ghanaian species Basilobelba africana, but differs from it by body size, length of interlamellar setae and number of neotrichous setae on the ventral plate. For the first time the data about morphology of gnathosoma, legs, and length of body setae are given for Heterobelba spumosa

EFFECT OF MACROPLASTIC ON SOIL INVERTEBRATES: A CASE STUDY USING MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES

Soil contamination by plastic is a global problem. Most experimental studies focus on microplastics, but large fragments, such as a variety of packaging and plastic bags, make up a significant component of plastic pollution. The effects of large fragments of household plastic debris on soil invertebrate communities are largely unexplored. The use of metabarcoding can greatly simplify the assessment of the taxonomic composition of soil invertebrates as well as their symbionts and parasites. However, the method is still underdeveloped and requires verification by classical approaches. We used metabarcoding and the traditional approach based on the morphological identification of invertebrates in assessing the effect of macroplastics on soil animal communities. Fragments of transparent or black polyethylene film measuring 40 × 40 cm were fixed on the soil surface in four forest ecosystems. After 9 months, the total abundance of mesofauna in general and individual groups of invertebrates (Collembola, Mesostigmata) was significantly reduced in the soil under the film compared to the control plots. The presence of the film did not affect the abundance of macrofauna, but in some biotopes the abundance of Isopoda, Hemiptera and Chilopoda increased and the number of Coleoptera and Diptera larvae decreased under the plastic film. The applied modification of metabarcoding revealed a significantly lower diversity of invertebrates (66 families, 105 genera) compared to the morphological method of identification (95 families, 127 genera). Wolbachia and Rickettsia, typical endosymbionts of invertebrates, but not other common parasites, were noted. In contrast to the morphological method of determination, metabarcoding revealed no significant differences in the taxonomic composition of invertebrates in the soil under the film and in the control soil. However, the significant correlation between the results of morphological identification and metabarcoding confirms the ability of metabarcoding to detect even small changes in the taxonomic composition of soil invertebrate communities