STR-loci in control of the origin of cattle of the belarusian black-and-white breed

Increase of efficiency of origin control of breeding animals is one of the most important problems of breeding animal husbandry. Now genetic certification of cattle in the majority of the countries became already a compulsory procedure of the breeding account and a reliable method of animals identification. Today, the most effective way of control of origin reliability and identification of agricultural animals, including cattle, is the genetic testing based on use of STR-loci.Повышение эффективности контроля происхождения племенных животных – одна из важнейших задач племенного животноводства. В настоящее время генетическая сертификация крупного рогатого скота в большинстве стран уже стала обязательной процедурой племенного учета и надежным методом идентификации животных. На сегодняшний день наиболее эффективным способом контроля достоверности происхождения и идентификации сельскохозяйственных животных, в том числе крупного рогатого скота, является генетическое тестирование, основанное на использовании STR-локусов

Definition of recessive mutations of Blad, Cvm and Bs in population of cattle of the lactic direction of Republic of Belarus

Intensive selection on increase in lactic efficiency, and use of import genetic material in breeding livestock production of Republic of Belarus led to distribution of genetic mutations, which cause death, and frailty of young growth. Detection of genetic anomalies at animals is obligatory, without exception at them lethal mutations sale of breeding bull-calves is impossible. Molecular and genetic methods allow revealing genetic anomalies at the level of DNA such as CVM, BLAD, BS at early age. Identification of undesirable alleles will allow excluding from process of reproduction of carriers of diseases and a message selection on an elimination of mutations. In work, the technique of definition of recessive mutations is pr esented to populations of cattle of the lactic direction of Republic of Belarus. The characteristic of genetic structure of the studied population is given.Интенсивная селекция на увеличение молочной продуктивности, а также использование импортного генетического материала в племенном животноводстве Республики Беларусь привела к распространению генетических мутаций, которые вызывают гибель и нежизнеспособность молодняка. Выявление генетических аномалий у животных обязательно, т.к. без исключения у них летальных мутаций продажа племенных бычков невозможна. Молекулярно-генетические методы позволяют выявлять генетические аномалии на уровне ДНК, такие как CVM, BLAD, BS в раннем возрасте. Выявление нежелательных аллелей позволит исключить из процесса воспроизводства носителей заболеваний и вести селекцию на элиминацию мутаций. В статье представлена методика определения рецессивных мутаций у животных белорусской черно-пестрой породы и популяции голштинизированного черно-пестрого скота Республики Беларусь. Дана характеристика генетической структуры изучаемой популяции

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS IN MIGRATION PROCESSES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

This article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of intercultural interaction at the stage of adaptation and integration of migrants. It discloses the approach of creating a multilevel system for the formation of intercultural communications in migration processes. The problem of the formation of such a system in Russia in the future is indicated and an approach to its solution is proposed. In recent years, the world has seen a rapid increase in population migration. This is largely due to: globalization, accompanied by transparency of state borders; uneven economic development of countries, causing population migration from poor countries to richer countries; the demographic crisis of the Nordic countries and population growth in the southern and Asian countries, as well as the growth of military conflicts in the world. The scale of population migration led to: increased crime in the migration environment, the emergence of refugee camps with terrifying living conditions for migrants, the spread of slave labor and slave relations, the growth of extremism and terrorism. One of the most destructive consequences of large-scale population migration is the formation by migrants of numerous ethnic enclaves, in which migrants isolate themselves from the local population. Migrants speak their native language, and profess their own culture and religion. The formation of ethnic enclaves violates the previous way of life of the local population, generates the radicalization of migration relations between migrants and the local population, bringing the process to the level of hostility. The presence of enclaves undermines the stability of migrant populations, creates conditions for the emergence of major social conflicts, similar to those that have occurred relatively recently in Australia, Germany, France and several other countries, and also creates favorable conditions for the spread of extremism and terrorism all over the world. Destructive consequences of migration are largely due to differences in the cultures of migrants and the local population, the complexity of mutual cultural penetration, the inability and sometimes unwillingness of migrants to adapt and integrate into the host society, as well as the authorities' inability to facilitate the adaptation of migrants and integrate them into the host society

Optimizations for STR Marking Protokol for Proof of Cattle Parentage

Контроль за происхождением животных – обязательное условие для ведения селекционной работы. На базе УО «Полесский государственный университет» в научно–исследовательской лаборатории промышленной биотехнологии разработана система установления происхождения потомков крупного рогатого скота белорусской черно–пестрой породы по STR–локусам с использованием отечественных реактивов, позволяющая исключить покупку дорогостоящих импортных наборов.Control of an origin of animals – an indispensable condition for conducting selection work. On the basis of the educational establishment "Polesye State University" in a research laboratory of an industrial biotechnology the system of establishment ofan origin of descendants of cattle of the Belarusian black and motley breed on STR loci with use ofdomestic reactants allowing to exclude purchase of expensive import sets is developed