1,004 research outputs found
Role of Discontinuous Tectonics in the Process of Current Terrain Formation in the Context of Monastyrsky Island
Identifying Dark Matter Burners in the Galactic center
If the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of our Galaxy grew
adiabatically, then a dense "spike" of dark matter is expected to have formed
around it. Assuming that dark matter is composed primarily of weakly
interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a star orbiting close enough to the SMBH
can capture WIMPs at an extremely high rate. The stellar luminosity due to
annihilation of captured WIMPs in the stellar core may be comparable to or even
exceed the luminosity of the star due to thermonuclear burning. The model thus
predicts the existence of unusual stars, i.e. "WIMP burners", in the vicinity
of an adiabatically grown SMBH. We find that the most efficient WIMP burners
are stars with degenerate electron cores, e.g. white dwarfs (WD) or degenerate
cores with envelopes. If found, such stars would provide evidence for the
existence of particle dark matter and could possibly be used to establish its
density profile. In our previous paper we computed the luminosity from WIMP
burning for a range of dark matter spike density profiles, degenerate core
masses, and distances from the SMBH. Here we compare our results with the
observed stars closest to the Galactic center and find that they could be
consistent with WIMP burners in the form of degenerate cores with envelopes. We
also cross-check the WIMP burner hypothesis with the EGRET observed flux of
gamma-rays from the Galactic center, which imposes a constraint on the dark
matter spike density profile and annihilation cross-section. We find that the
EGRET data is consistent with the WIMP burner hypothesis. New high precision
measurements by GLAST will confirm or set stringent limits on a dark matter
spike at the Galactic center, which will in turn support or set stringent
limits on the existence of WIMP burners at the Galactic center.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the Proc. of the First Int. GLAST
Symp. (Stanford, Feb. 5-8, 2007), eds. S.Ritz, P.F.Michelson, and C.Meegan,
AIP Conf. Pro
Is the term "type-1.5 superconductivity" warranted by Ginzburg-Landau theory?
It is shown that within the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) approximation the order
parameters Delta1(r, T) and Delta2(r, T) in two-band superconductors vary on
the same length scale, the difference in the zero-T coherence lengths xi0_i
~vF_i/Delta_i(0), i = 1, 2 notwithstanding. This amounts to a single physical
GL parameter kappa and the classic GL dichotomy: kappa < 1/sqrt(2) for type-I
and kappa > 1/sqrt(2) for type-II.Comment: 5 pages, revised and extended version; previous title "Two-band
superconductors near Tc" change
Detecting Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons via electron transport
We examine the Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons in a
semiconductor microcavity via an electrical current. We propose that by
embedding a quantum dot p-i-n junction inside the cavity, the tunneling current
through the device can reveal features of condensation due to a one-to-one
correspondence of the photons to the condensate polaritons. Such a device can
also be used to observe the phase interference of the order parameters from two
condensates.Comment: 5 Pages, 3 Figure
Diagrammatic theory for Periodic Anderson Model: Stationary property of the thermodynamic potential
Diagrammatic theory for Periodic Anderson Model has been developed, supposing
the Coulomb repulsion of localized electrons as a main parameter of the
theory. electrons are strongly correlated and conduction electrons
are uncorrelated. Correlation function for and mass operator for
electrons are determined. The Dyson equation for and Dyson-type equation
for electrons are formulated for their propagators. The skeleton diagrams
are defined for correlation function and thermodynamic functional. The
stationary property of renormalized thermodynamic potential about the variation
of the mass operator is established. The result is appropriate as for normal
and as for superconducting state of the system.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
Time-reversal symmetry breaking state near the surface of -superconductor
The structure of superconducting order parameter near the surface of a
two-band superconductor with order parameter in the bulk is
theoretically investigated. The main parameter of the surface, which determines
the appropriate physics is the coefficient of the interband scattering
. For small the superconducting order parameter is only
suppressed to some extent near the surface for the both bands. For intermediate
and strong interband scattering there are two possible non-trivial surface
states of the order parameter: (i) purely real solution, where the symmetry of
the superconducting state near the surface is changed from to
conventional and (ii) time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRB) state. In
this state the order parameters in the two bands acquire phases upon approaching the surface. We argue that at low temperatures
the TRB surface state can be more energetically favorable than the time reversal symmetry conserving state (TR). For higher temperatures
up to only the TR state can exist. The transition between the two
temperature regions is rather sharp. Signatures of the transition between the
TRB and the TR surface states can be detected by the measurements of the local
density of states and the angle-resolved density of states.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1003.277
Excitonic BCS-BEC crossover at finite temperature: Effects of repulsion and electron-hole mass difference
The BCS to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover of electron-hole (e-h)
pairs in optically excited semiconductors is studied using the two-band Hubbard
model with both repulsive and attractive interactions. Applying the
self-consistent t-matrix approximation combined with a local approximation, we
examine the properties of a normal phase and an excitonic instability. The
transition temperature from the normal phase to an e-h pair condensed one is
studied to clarify the crossover from an e-h BCS-like state to an excitonic
Bose-Einstein condensation, which takes place on increasing the e-h attraction
strength. To investigate effects of the repulsive interaction and the e-h mass
difference, we calculate the transition temperature for various parameters of
the interaction strengths, the e-h particle density, and the mass difference.
While the transition temperature in the e-h BCS regime is sufficiently
suppressed by the repulsive interaction, that of the excitonic BEC is largely
insensitive to it. We also show quantitatively that in the whole regime the
mass difference leads to large suppression of the transition temperature.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Two-band superconductors: Hidden criticality deep in the superconducting state
We show that two-band superconductors harbor hidden criticality deep in the
superconducting state, stemming from the critical temperature of the weaker
band taken as an independent system. For sufficiently small interband coupling
the coherence length of the weaker band exhibits a remarkable
deviation from the conventional monotonic increase with temperature, namely, a
pronounced peak close to the hidden critical point. The magnitude of the peak
scales proportionally to \gamma^(-\mu), with the Landau critical exponent \mu =
1/3, the same as found for the mean-field critical behavior with respect to the
source field in ferromagnets and ferroelectrics. Here reported hidden
criticality of multi-band superconductors can be experimentally observed by,
e.g., imaging of the variations of the vortex core in a broader temperature
range. Similar effects are expected for the superconducting multilayers.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, Supplementary material included. Accepted for
publication in PR
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