Особенности эпидемической и эпизоотической ситуации по рабической инфекции в Донецкой Народной Республике

Purpose: analysis of the epidemic situation of rabies infection in the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic and assessment of the level of epidemic threat for this infection for 2023. Materials and methods: A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the epidemic and epizootic situation of rabies infection was carried out based on the materials of the Department of Especially Dangerous Infections Republican Center for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Ministry of Health of the Donetsk People's Republic for the last 8 years. Results: For the period from 2015 to March 2023 in the Donetsk People's Republic, 4 cases of rabies infection in people were registered (in 2016, 2021, 2022), which ended in death due to the untimely appeal of those bitten for specialized medical help. The epizootic situation for rabies infection remained unfavorable for the studied period of time. This infection has been laboratory confirmed in animals: 2015 — in 33 cases, 2016 — in 50 cases, 2017 — in 50 cases, 2018 — in 42 cases, 2019 — in 56 cases, 2020 — in 44 cases, 2021 — in 33 cases, 2022 — in 32 cases.Цель: анализ эпидемической и эпизоотической ситуаций по рабической инфекции на территории Донецкой Народной Республики и оценка уровня эпидемической угрозы по этой инфекции на 2023 г. Материалы и методы: Проведен ретроспективный эпидемиологический анализ эпидемической и эпизоотической ситуации по рабической инфекции по материалам отделения особо опасных инфекций Республиканского центра санитарно-эпидемиологического надзора государственной санитарно-эпидемиологической службы Министерства здравоохранения Донецкой Народной Республики за последние 8 лет.Результаты: За период с 2015 по март 2023 гг. в Донецкой Народной Республике было зарегистрировано 4 случая рабической инфекции у людей (в 2016 г., 2021 г., 2022 г.), которые завершились летальным исходом в связи с несвоевременным об- ращением укушенных за специализированной помощью. Эпизоотическая ситуация по рабической инфекции за исследуемый промежуток времени оставалась неблагополучной. Эта инфекция была подтверждена лабораторно у животных: в 2015 г. в 33 случаях, в 2016 г. — в 50 случаях, в 2017 г. — в 50 случаях, в 2018 г. — в 42 случаях, в 2019 г. — в 56 случаях, в 2020 г. — в 44 случаях, в 2021 г. — в 33 случаях, в 2022 г. — в 32 случаях

WATER CONDITION IN CELLS OF CHLORELLA

The water condition in cages of the paste of chlorella was investigated by the method of thermogravimetric analysis. With increasing heating rate endothermic effect corresponding to the dehydration process is shifted towards higher temperatures. Temperature intervals of chlorella dehydration are defined at rate of heating 2 К/min - 308-368 K, 5 К/min - 323-403 K, and 10 К/min - 348-403 K. Quantitative characteristics of kinetic unequal water in chlorella have been received for each step (∆, ∆Т, a mass fraction (w), energy of activation (Еа)). This process is similar to the process of the dehydration in ion exchange membranes. The derived kinetic characteristics give the possibility to define an optimum temperature interval and rate of drying microalgae for the purpose of increase of periods of storage in the form of paste or a solid substance for the further use as the bioadditive. In addition the presence of three types of water chlorella in a cell set according to NMR with pulsed magnetic field gradient. Since free water is involved in biochemical, chemical and microbiological processes, it is desirable to remove during drying of the preparation. The resulting temperature range of 323-343 K (step 2) at a heating rate of 2 K / min corresponds to a temperature range of drying the chlorella in a production environment. It should be noted that the highest number of algae in a tightly-water (the last stage). Apparently, this is determined by a unique cell structure. Temperature ranges dehydration process are not clear and vary depending on the heating rate, which is fully in line with previous studies of thermal analysis for grains, vegetables and bakery products

HYDRATION AND DEHYDRATION OF CADMIC AND NICKEL FORMS OF SULFUR-CONTAINING ION-EXCHANGE FIBER

Summary. Ion-exchangers intensively interact with polar solvents. Studying of the mechanism of interaction of chemisorption fibers with water and definition of amount of kinetic non-uniform solvent is necessary for understanding of processes of hydration and dehydration. The data obtained are of practical and theoretical interest in the study of ion exchange and complexation. The purpose of this work - the study of hydration and dehydration during chemisorption-fiber VION COP-3 in cadmium and nickel forms The state of water in sulfur-containing ion-exchange fibers with functional groups –SO3H was estimated by the thermogravimetric analysis and isopiestic methods. Isotherms of sorption of vapors of water are received. The presence of water with different degrees of binding was confirmed. Influence of the nature of the ions sating fiber on the course of isotherms of sorption is revealed. From results of thermogravimetric researches, the hydration numbers of fiber corresponding to each stage of water removal were determined. The Gibbs free energies of hydration of cadmic and nickel forms of fiber were calculated. The greatest changes of Gibbs free energies are characteristic for the initial stage of sorption of vapors of water

The use of cumulative method of measuring the development of educational materials for the assessment of competence in managing the quality of the university

It is proposed an automated method of storage, assessment of competencies of students, which includes two modes of determining the level of development of competencies

THERMOCHEMICAL RESEARCHES OF WATERPROOF INTERACTION IN SYSTEM WATER — SAS — A FILLER

Calorimetric researches of thermal effects of interaction of waterproof carbonate fillers on the basis of the natural and chemically besieged chalk with water are carried out. It is shown that the entalpiya of interaction and time of process depend on quantity and the nature of the waterproof agent. The filler a lesser extent cooperates with water is defined

INVESTIGATION RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PVC-BASED

Summary. Obtained hydrophobic filler compositions based on PVC from calcium carbonate, which is a byproduct in the preparation of mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The methods for pretreatment of the chalk used as a filler in PVC compositions. Conducted modifying the properties of chalk with hydrophobic additives: stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate. When stearic acid treated chalk heating leads to an interaction with the surface layers of calcium carbonate, a thin film of calcium stearate. Therefore, more cost-effective to create compositions with PVC content of one percent of calcium stearate as its hydrophobic surface is easily wetted by the polymer matrix, which provides rapid mixing of PVC compounds. As a result, the excipient serves as an additional stabilizer, providing higher thermal stability of PVC products, compared with its values for the composition of the compared with the other ingredients. Extrusion processes that are central to the processing of PVC compounds filled by acting them filler, fractional increase heat and accelerate melting and increase output. The rheological properties of polymeric compositions created PVC. A significant reduction in viscosity observed for water repellent based on stearic acid. Study viscosity characteristics for hydrophobic additives showed that their activity increased in the series: zinc stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid. It was established that modifying additives used in the preparation of hydrophobic carbonate filler PVC compositions exhibit both plasticizers and stabilizing properties

Adverse cardiovascular outcomes and their relationship with risk factors according to the prospective study MERIDIAN-RO

Aim. To assess the incidence of adverse outcomes and the role of main risk factors in their development.Material and methods. Prospective, long-term study was conducted with observation period of 36 months. The sample in the MERIDIAN-RO study was formed from the urban and rural population. It included 1622 people aged 25-64 years. The response to the study was 86,1%. Observation and screening of endpoints continued for 36 months. The endpoints were: all-cause death, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery revascularization.Results. When studying the relationship between various risk factors and outcomes, it was found that they had a significant impact on the combined endpoint (all-cause death + nonfatal ischemic stroke + nonfatal myocardial infarction): risk SCORE >5% (odds ratio (OR) 5,80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2,31-14,58, p=0,0001, Wald — 23,040), excessive alcohol consumption (OR 714, 95% CI 1,41-36,31, p=0,018, Wald — 2,908), arterial hypertension (OR 4,77 95% CI 1,91-11,90, p=0,01, Wald — 9,000), combination of coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction/stroke in history (OR 11,16, 95% CI 3,98-31,31, p=0,0001, Wald — 22,607) and an apolipoprotein B increase more than 180 mg/dL (OR 28,57 95% CI 732-111,42, p=0,0001, Wald — 24,509).Conclusion. The most significant effect on the combined endpoint (all-cause death + nonfatal myocardial infarction + nonfatal stroke) made: SCORE risk >5%, excessive alcohol consumption, hypertension, combination of coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction/stroke in history and an apolipoprotein B increase more than 180 mg/dL. That should be considered when choosing aims and preventive strategies