A Trade Street of a Small Town as a Public Space(by the Example of Nizhny Novgorod Region)

Located round Nizhny Novgorod one of thelarge commercial and industrial centres of the Povolzhie (the Volga region), these towns possess their own regional specific character determined by the historically developed trade and craft traditions. The location of the main trade street in the town generallayout its relation to the transportation scheme, its planning, housing, architectural dominants, transformations and losses, today's state are studied for each town. Various types of trade streets built in thelate XVIII - early XX centuries are shown: a street-corridor with straight tracing and continuous masonry housing (Gostinny Ryad street in Arzamas), a street with direct tracing and dispersed masonry and masonry-wooden housing (Bolshaya Sovetskaya street in lyskovo), a street with curved picturesque tracing and continuous masonry housing (Nizhegorodskaya street in Pavlovo), space formed by three streets with a multiraw arrangement of continuous masonry buildings (Gorky street Bolshoy Kirovskiy sezd Kooperativny sezd in Gorodets). Two types of today's existence of historically formed trade streets of a smalltown are revealed i.e. an active use (Arzamas, Pavlovo) and stagnation (Lyskovo, Gorodets). Main problems of trade streets' modern use and conditions under which these streets may become valuable public spaces in contemporary understanding of this meaning are identified based on studying historical-culturat natural-ecologicat social-economic, architectural and town-planning criteria of assessment of trade streets' viability in modern conditions and ascertaining potential of their development related to the high historical-cultural value of such complexes

Kinetic parameters of the uranium luminescence in Lif crystals

The results of researches with nanosecond time resolution of kinetic characteristics of luminescence buildup and decay in crystals LiF(U)-O at 300 K under action of both laser pulse with energy 3,68 eV and electron pulse with energy 300 keV have been presented. Influence of excite method on kinetic characteristics of uranium luminescence buildup and influence of uranium on kinetic characteristics of oxygen luminescence in crystal were establishe

Thermal stability of color centers in LiF crystals: dependence on radiation type and dose

Accumulation of radiation defects at irradiation is the complex result of consecutive and mutually independent events: formation of primary pair, spatial separation of its components and their transformation into stable ones under experimental conditions [1]..

Thermal stability of color centers in LiF crystals: dependence on radiation type and dose

Accumulation of radiation defects at irradiation is the complex result of consecutive and mutually independent events: formation of primary pair, spatial separation of its components and their transformation into stable ones under experimental conditions [1]..

Nanodefects in Highly Imperfect Optical Crystals

Experiments were carried out within the framework of the development program of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University in the project of the leading universities of theworld 5–100 (Project № VIU-OM-205/2018)

Tungsten Activated Ceramics Based on Metal Fluorides

This work is aimed at establishing the possibility of introducing W ions into ceramics based on alkaline earth metal fluorides by the radiation synthesis method, which differs significantly in the totality of processes from the currently used thermal methods

Comparative analysis of anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders in patients with rheumatic diseases

Research objective - comparative analysis of incidence and structure of anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders (ADD) in patients with various rheumatic diseases (RD). Materials and methods. 613 patients with RD were enrolled in the study: 180 with a reliable diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 128 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 110 with systemic sclerosis (SSc), 115 with Behcet's disease (BD), 80 with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Female prevailed in all groups (95% of patients with pSS, 88,2% - SSc, 87,2% - RA, 85,5% of SLE) except BD patients (70% male). The mean age was 42.3±1.54 years and was lower in patients with BD (33.3±0.98 years) and SLE (34.6±0.93 years) compared to patients with SSc (49.9±2.47 years), RA (47.4±0.99 years) and pSS (46.2±2.3 years). The mean RD duration was 130,0±8,65 months and was more at BD - 148,5±10,4 months, pSS - 141,6±8,92 months, RA - 138,4±10,1months, and less at SLE - 134,9±8,8 months and SSc - 87,0±5,04 months. The mean SLE activity index SLEDAI was 9,13±0,63 points (high), RA (DAS28) - 5,26±0,17 points (high), BD (BDCAF) - 3,79±0,2 points (moderate) and SSc by G. Valentini - 1,1±0,20 points (moderate). Glucocorticoids took 100% of patients with pSS, 91,1% - SLE, 90% - SSc, 87% - BD and 67,2% - RA patients; conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) took 90% of patients with SSc, 84% - BD, 79,6% - RA, 68% - pSS, 40,6% - SLE. Biologic DMARDs took 32% of patients with RA, 17,4% - BD, 7,3% - SSc and 7,2% - SLE. Mental disorders were diagnosed by psychiatrist as a result of screening by the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and in semi-structured interview in accordance with the ICD-10/ DSM-IV. The severity of depression was evaluated by Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and anxiety - by Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Projective psychological methods were used for cognitive impairment detection. Results. Screening of depressive disorders (HADS-D≥8) was positive in 180 (29,4%) patients with RD, including 74 (41%) patients with SLE, 38 (35%) - SSc, 29 (23%) - RA, 23 (20%) - BD and 16 (20%) - pSS; anxiety disorders (HADS-A≥8) - in 272 (44,4%) patients, including 66 (52%) patients with RA, 40 (50%) - pSS, 77 (43%) - SLE, 45 (41%) - SSc and 44 (38%) - BD. In accordance with the ICD-10/ DSM-IV depressive disorders have been identified in 389 (63%) patients, including 94 (73%) patients with RA, 71 (64,5%) - SSc, 69 (60%) - BD, 90 (50%) - SLE and 39 (49%) - pSS; anxiety disorders - in 377 (61,5%) patients, including 20 (25%) patients with pSS, 44 (24,5%) - SLE, 29 (23%) - RA, 20 (17%) - BD and 7 (6,4%) - SSc. Conclusion. Anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders are typical for most patients with RA, SLE, SSc, pSS and BD. ADDs diagnosis in RD patients with the use of the HADS did not reveal a significant proportion. To obtain objective data on the frequency and structure of ADDs, psychopathological and clinical psychological diagnosis is necessary

Structural and luminescent characteristics of YAG phosphors synthesized in the radiation field

YAG:Ce, YAGG:Ce ceramics were obtained by sintering the oxide powders in the radiation field. The results of investigations of the structure, composition and luminescence of ceramics are presented. The luminescence characteristics of powders exactly correspond to the phosphors luminescence used in practice obtained by solid-state synthesis methods. It has been established that in the used radiation exposure modes the main factor determining the efficiency of the synthesis is the ionization density