27 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ» ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ DBA/2
Resume. Background. Adverse medical and social consequences of alcohol abuse determine the relevance of the search for new targets and methods of effective prevention and treatment of alcoholism. A significant limitation of the use of benzodiazepine anxiolytics in the treatment of alcohol disorders is their ability to potentiate the effects of ethanol. Earlier it was found that the original afobazol, effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders, in the range of anxiolytic doses does not affect the duration of alcoholic sleep and ethanol-induced muscle relaxation. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of afobazole on hyperlocomotion and expression of behavioral sensitization induced by ethanol. Methods. The effect of afobazole at the doses 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, i.p., on the ethanol-induced hyperlocomotion and behavioral sensitization was assessed in actometer OPTO-VARIMEX in male DBA/2 mice with increased sensitivity to the activating effect of ethanol. Results. Afobazole at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg, but not 1.0 mg/kg after acute administration prevented the development of ethanol-induced (2.0 g/kg, i.p.) hyperlocomotion, like naloxone 1.0 mg/kg, i.p., and antagonized ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization. Conclusion. Thus, the data obtained suggest that afobazole is capable of modeling the motivational effects of ethanol.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π°. Π Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ», ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
in vivo Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° OPTO-VARIMEX 4 ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
1,0 ΠΈ 10,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±, Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 2,0 Π³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π±ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ DBA/2, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ» Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 10,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ 1,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π» ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Ρ 1,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ in vivo
Β Β Background.Β The endogenous opioid system is involved in neuroadaptation produced by exogenous opioids. Synthesized on the basis of the regulatory peptide tuftsin, the anxiolytic selank inhibits the activity of enkephalin-degrading enzymes, increasing the level of leu-enkephalins in blood plasma.Β Β The aim of the workΒ was to evaluate the effect of selank (0,3 and 0,9 mg/kg, i. p.) on morphine-induced analgesia in animal models. Methods. The experiments were performed in inbred male mice C57Bl/6 (n = 77). The βhot plateβ test was used to evaluate the analgesic effect during thermal stimulation of nociceptors when mice were placed on a metal plate heated to 55 Β± 0,5 Β°C, followed by registration of the latent period of the reaction 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the administration of morphine.Β Β Results.Β Morphine at a dose of 3,0 mg/kg, i. p., caused antinociception with the maximum possible effect (MBE) of 9 %, selank at a dose of 0,9 mg/kg, without antinociception per se, when pretreated with the morphine, increased the latent reaction time, causing antinociception of 29,9 % MBE.Β Β Conclusion.Β For the first time the data obtained on the synergistic effect of selank and morphine in attenuation of acute somatic pain.Β Β ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΊ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½-Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΉ-ΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ.Β Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° (0,3 ΠΈ 0,9 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
in vivo.Β Β ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Π±ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ°Ρ
-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘57Bl/6 (n = 77). Π’Π΅ΡΡ Β«Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Β» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 55 Β± 0,5 Β°Π‘ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 30, 60, 90 ΠΈ 120 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°.Β Β Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 3,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π» Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ (MΠΠ) 9 %, ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΊ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 0,9 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ per se, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π» Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΠΠ 29,9 %.Β Β ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ
Alterations in the nigrostriatal system following conditional inactivation of Ξ±-synuclein in neurons of adult and aging mice
The aetiology and pathogenesis of Parkinsonβs disease (PD) are tightly linked to he gain-offunction of Ξ±-synuclein. However, gradual accumulation of Ξ±-synuclein aggregates in dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) leads to the depletion of the functional pool of soluble Ξ±-synuclein and therefore, creates a loss-of-function conditions, particularly in presynaptic terminals of these neurons. Studies of if and how this late-onset depletion of a protein involved in many important steps of neurotransmission contributes to PD progression and particularly, to worsening the nigrostriatal pathology at late stages of the disease are limited and obtained data are controversial. Recently we produced a mouse line for conditional knockout of the gene encoding Ξ±-synuclein and here we used its tamoxifen-inducible pan-neuronal inactivation to study consequences of the adult-onset (from the age of 6 months) and late-onset (from the age of 12 months) Ξ±-synuclein depletion to the nigrostriatal system. No significant changes of animal balance/coordination, the number of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc and the content of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum were observed after adult-onset Ξ± synuclein depletion but in ageing (18-month old) late-onset depleted mice we found significant reduction of major dopamine metabolites without changes to the content of dopamine itself. Our data suggest that this might be caused, at least partially, by reduced expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH1a1 and could lead to accumulation of toxic intermediates of dopamine catabolism. By extrapolating our findings to a potential clinical situation, we suggest that therapeutic downregulation of Ξ±-synuclein expression in PD patients is a generally safe option as it should not cause adverse side effects on the functionality of their nigrostriatal system. However, if started in aged patients, this type of therapy might trigger slight functional changes of the nigrostriatal system with potentially unwanted additive effect to already existing pathology
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ-115 Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°
The development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance limits its therapeutic efficacy in pain management. Effects of non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics ladasten and GB-115 on the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine were studied in albino male rats. The tolerance was induced by daily sub-chronic administration of morphine (2,0 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily for 5 days) and assessed in immersion tail-flick test on days 1 and 5. Concomitant sub-chronic administration of dipeptide anxiolytic GB-115 (0,1 mg/kg/5 days, i.p.), developed on the base of endogenous tetrapeptide cholecystokinin (CCK), followed by morphine (2,0 mg/kg), reversed the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine on day 5. GB-115 per se at the same anxiolytic dose demonstrated a short-term analgesic activity on days 1 and 5. In contrast, 2-aminoadamantane derivative Ladasten (50,0 mg/kg/5 days, i.p.) with psychostimulant and anxiolytic activity, failed to do so. Ladasten at dose employed in the study, did not exert any effects on pain threshold on days 1 and 5. Our results suggest that in this well-characterized model of acute somatic pain, the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of systemic morphine can be prevented by co-administration with GB-115.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ-115 ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° (2,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/5 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, 2 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π² Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ) ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ (Π²/Π±) Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ°Β». ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ (50,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) per se ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ» Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° 5-ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΠΠ-115 (0,1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) per se ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π» Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°
ΠΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² in vivo
Neurotoxic effects are one of the common reasons for discontinuation of preclinical and/or clinical studies. Preclinical evaluation of neurotoxic effects is complicated due to a wide range of manifestations and degrees of severity. Current experimental approaches to neurotoxicity assessment are cumbersome, laborious and not adapted enough for preclinical studies in the early stages of drug development. The aim of the study was to review existing approaches to experimental assessment of neurotoxic potential of new drugs and to discuss the need for and feasibility of developing and using integrated rapid neurotoxicity tests for early assessment of a pharmacological projectβs potential. The authors reviewed scientific literature and guidance documents and analysed current approaches to chemical compound neurotoxicity assessment in laboratory animals. The paper analyses the main issues of neurotoxicity assessment for new drugs and compares Irwin tests with the functional observation battery. It analyses issues related to assessment of drugsβ effects on the development and maturation of central nervous system functions at pre- and postnatal stages. It was determined that the current practice is not sufficient for assessment of potential adverse effects on cognitive functions. The authors assessed factors affecting cognitive functions of rodents during studies. The βAcute suppression of the exploratory and orientation responseβ and βExtrapolation escape taskβ tests were proposed for validation as potential rapid tests for detection of an array of organic and functional neurotoxic disorders at early stages of preclinical studies.ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ·Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π’Π΅ΡΡΡ Β«ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Ρ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π°-4, ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ Β«Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Β» ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ BALB/Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ: ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ
Anxiolytic effects of dipeptide endogenous cholecystokinin tetrapeptide analogue GB-115 at the dose range 0,25-2,0 mg/ kg after oral administration were studied in rodents with high emotionality. In βelevated plus-mazeβ test GB-115 anxiolytic activity comparable with phenazepam was shown in inbred βanxiousβ BALB/c mice and βagedβ rats with long-term 10% ethanol experience during ethanol withdrawal. GB-115 at the doses 0,5-2,0 mg/kg didnβt induce sedation, in contrast phenazepam significantly suppressed spontaneous locomotor activity in BALB/c mice in Optovarimex. The data obtained show potent anxiolytic properties GB-115 (tablet 0,001) lacking benzodiazepineβs side-effects in animal models with high emotionality.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠ-115, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Ρ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ· 0,25-2,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ-115, ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π±ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ BALB/c ΠΈ Ρ Β«ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
Β» ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
10% ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 33 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ-115 Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
0,5-2,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ BALB/c Π² Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΠ-115 (ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° 0,001) Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΠ-115
The results of the study of chronic toxicity of the drug formulation of anxiolytic GB-115 are presented. The novel dipeptide in the form of a tablet mass was administered daily orally for 6 months to outbred rats and rabbits of the chinchilla breed at a dose of 1 mg/kg corresponding to the therapeutic and 50 mg/kg exceeding the therapeutic dose by 50 times. Clinical, laboratory and pathohistological studies performed in accordance with the General Protocol demonstrated the absence of toxic effects of the GB-115 drug formulation. The exception was the reversible changes in the coagulation activity in rats and rabbits, which were not associated with the dose of the GB-115 solid dosage from.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ-115 Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 6 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ. Π°ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»Π»Π° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ 50 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π² 50 ΡΠ°Π·. ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΠ-115. ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΠ-115
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° 2-ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ BDNF ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ
To assess the pharmacological safety of the dipeptide mimetic of the 2nd loop of BDNF (compound GTS-201) when co-administered with ethanol, its effect on the alteration in motor activity induced by ethanol during acute and subchronic administration in mice C57Bl/6 and DBA/2 was studied. It was found that GTS-201 at a dose of 5.0 mg / kg, i.p., without affecting spontaneous motor activity per se, after a preliminary acute administration prevented the development of a sedative reaction caused by ethanol (2.0 g/ kg, i.p.) in C57Bl/6 mice. After subchronic administration, GTS-201 is devoid of psychostimulant effect and impact on the formation of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in DBA/2 mice. The data obtained indicate the absence of a psychostimulant component and synergism in the pharmacological profile of GTS-201 when used with ethanol at low dose.ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° 2-ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ BDNF (ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ’Π‘-201) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ C57Bl/6 ΠΈ DBA/2. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ’Π‘-201 Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 5,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±, Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ per se, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (2,0 Π³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ C57Bl/6. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ’Π‘-201 Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ DBA/2. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΠ’Π‘-201 ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ
Resume. To study the features of an atrium depolarization on the dynamics of the cardioelectric field on the body surface at rats with an alcoholic cardiomyopathy. The cardioelectric field on the body surface of rats with an alcoholic cardiomyopathy was investigated during an atrium depolarization by the method of multiple synchronous cardioelectrotopography. In experimental and control animals, reflecting atrial depolarization, is formed before the appearance of the Pβ wave on the ECG, inversion of the body surface potential mapping (BSMP) regions occurs before the beginning of the ascending phase of the Pβ wave. In rats of the experimental group, it is shown an increase in the heart rate, the total duration of atrial depolarization, the period of the ascending and descending phases of the Pβ wave on the ECG; later (relative to the peak of the RM-wave) inversion of the BSMP regions and the beginning of the PII wave by comparison with the control animals. The duration of inversion in experimental rats significantly increased compared with the control. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy leads to significant changes in the spatial and temporal parameters of the cardioelectric field at the initial stages of atrium depolarization, an increase in the non-uniformity of depolarization and a high risk of atrial arrhythmias.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ - Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π£ ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π§Π‘Π‘, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π· Π β Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π β Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Β«Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π°Β»
Background. Earlier, on the translational model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACMP) developed by us in outbred white rats, which reproduces the main clinical diagnostic signs of this disease, it was shown that in rats of both sexes under conditions of constant 24/7 alcoholization for 24 weeks, AΠ‘MP is formed.This study purpose is a comparative assessment of the features of the ACM formation in male and female rats depending on the level of ethanol consumption in model experiments simulating "domestic drunkenness" with periodic alcoholization 24/2 for 24 weeks.Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on outbred white rats randomized into 4 groups: group 1 β control male rats (n=18), group 2 β control female rats (n = 18), group 3 β alcoholized male rats (n = 39) and group 4 β alcoholized female rats (n = 19). Control animals received a normal diet and free access to water. Animals of the 3rd and 4th groups weekly, for 24 weeks, from Friday 22.00 to Monday 8.00, received a 10 % ethanol solution as the only source of liquid with unlimited access to standard food, and the usual diet on the remaining days.Results. In animals of both sexes, after 24 weeks from the consumption start of the ethanol solution, ACM is formed, as evidenced by an increase in the end-systolic and end-diastolic sizes of the left ventricle of the heart (p = 0.0001) and a decrease in its ejection fraction (p = 0.0001), while the degree of pathological myocardial remodeling is more pronounced in females. According to cluster analysis, by the consumption of ethanol (CET), animals of both sexes are divided into 3 subgroups: low, medium and high CET, however, in males, the subgroup with an average CET prevails β 56 %, and in females with a high CET β 47 % (p = 0.0286), the low CET subgroup is minimal (16 %). At the same time, if in males in all subgroups, starting from the 8th week of alcoholization, CET dynamically decreases, then how in females in subgroups with medium and high CET, starting from the 16th week, it increases. It was found that the degree of left ventricular remodeling in females with high and moderate CET was almost 2 times higher than in males (p < 0.05).Conclusion. In model experiments imitating βdomestic drunkennessβ, it was shown that in females the intensity of the left ventricle heart remodeling is signiο¬cantly higher than in males, which, apparently, is determined by the identiο¬ed gender-dependent multidirectional trends in the formation of alcoholic behavior characterized by dynamic growth. consumption of ethanol in female rats as the duration of alcoholization increases.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠΠ) Ρ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ 24/7 Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 24 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠΠΠ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠΠ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡΡΡ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Β«Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ», ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ 24/2 Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 24 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° 4 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ: 1-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ (n = 18), 2-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ (n = 18), 3-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ (n = 39) ΠΈ 4-Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ (n = 19). ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅. ΠΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ 3-ΠΉ ΠΈ 4-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 24 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ, Ρ 22:00 ΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ 8:00 ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ 10 % ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡ, Π° Π² ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 24 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠΠΠ, ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° (p = 0,0001) ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ° (p = 0,0001), ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° (ΠΠ) ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° 3 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ: Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΠ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ β 56 %, Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ β 47 % (Ρ = 0,0286), ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° (16 %). ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ 8-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΠ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ 16-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² 2 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² (p < 0,05).ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Β«Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ», ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ