79,310 research outputs found
A theoretical and experimental investigation of cylindrical electrostatic probes at arbitrary incidence in flowing plasma
The theory for calculating the current collected by a negatively biased cylindrical electrostatic probe at an arbitrary angle of attack in a weakley ionized flowing plasma is presented. The theory was constructed by considering both random and directed motion simultaneous with dynamic coupling of the flow properties and of the electric field of the probe. This direct approach yielded a theory that is more general than static plasma theories modified to account for flow. Theoretical calculations are compared with experimental electrostatic probe data obtained in the free stream of an arc-heated hypersonic wind tunnel. The theoretical calculations are based on flow conditions and plasma electron densities measured by an independent microwave interferometer technique. In addition, the theory is compared with laboratory and satellite data previously published by other investigators. In each case the comparison gives good agreement
Energy-momentum balance in quantum dielectrics
We calculate the energy-momentum balance in quantum dielectrics such as
Bose-Einstein condensates. In agreement with the experiment [G. K. Campbell et
al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 170403 (2005)] variations of the Minkowski momentum
are imprinted onto the phase, whereas the Abraham tensor drives the flow of the
dielectric. Our analysis indicates that the Abraham-Minkowski controversy has
its root in the Roentgen interaction of the electromagnetic field in dielectric
media
Emulating a flexible space structure: Modeling
Control Dynamics, in conjunction with Marshall Space Flight Center, has participated in the modeling and testing of Flexible Space Structures. Through the series of configurations tested and the many techniques used for collecting, analyzing, and modeling the data, many valuable insights have been gained and important lessons learned. This paper discusses the background of the Large Space Structure program, Control Dynamics' involvement in testing and modeling of the configurations (especially the Active Control Technique Evaluation for Spacecraft (ACES) configuration), the results from these two processes, and insights gained from this work
Form Factors from a Relativistic Dynamical Model of Pion Electroproduction
We obtain the electromagnetic form factors of the transition
by analyzing recent pion-electroproduction data using a fully relativistic
dynamical model. Special care is taken to satisfy Ward-Takahashi identities for
the Born term in the presence of form factors thereby allowing the use of
realistic electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon and pion. We parametrize
the dependence of the {\it bare} form factors by a
three-parameter form which is consistent with the asymptotic behavior inferred
from QCD. The parameters of the bare form factors are the
only free parameters of the model and are fitted to the differential
cross-section and multipole-analysis data up to (GeV/c) in the
-resonance region. This analysis emphasizes the significance of
the pion-cloud effects in the extraction of the resonance parameters.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, several small corrections, to be published in
Phys. Rev.
Cost effective development of a national test bed
For several years, the Marshall Space Flight Center has pursued the coordinated development of a Large Space Structures (LSS) National Test Bed for the investigation of numerous technical issues involved in the use of LSS in space. The origins of this development, the current status of the various test facilities and the plans laid down for the next five years' activities are described. Particular emphasis on the control and structural interaction issues has been paid so far; however, immediately emerging are user applications (such as the proposed pinhole occulter facility). In the immediate future, such emerging technologies as smart robots and multibody interactions will be studied. These areas are covered
Deducing radiation pressure on a submerged mirror from the Doppler shift
Radiation pressure on a flat mirror submerged in a transparent liquid,
depends not only on the refractive index n of the liquid, but also on the phase
angle psi_0 of the Fresnel reflection coefficient of the mirror, which could be
anywhere between 0^{\circ} and 180^{\circ}. Depending on the value of psi_0,
the momentum per incident photon picked up by the mirror covers the range
between the Abraham and Minkowski values, i.e., the interval
(2\hbarw_0/nc,2n\hbarw_0/c). Here \hbar is the reduced Planck constant, w_0 is
the frequency of the incident photon, and c is the speed of light in vacuum. We
argue that a simple experimental setup involving a dielectric slab of
refractive index n, a vibrating mirror placed a short distance behind the slab,
a collimated, monochromatic light beam illuminating the mirror through the
slab, and an interferometer to measure the phase of the reflected beam, is all
that is needed to deduce the precise magnitude of the radiation pressure on a
submerged mirror. In the proposed experiment, the transparent slab plays the
role of the submerging liquid (even though it remains detached from the mirror
at all times), and the adjustable gap between the mirror and the slab simulates
the variable phase-angle psi_0. The phase of the reflected beam, measured as a
function of time during one oscillation period of the mirror, then provides the
information needed to determine the gap-dependence of the reflected beam's
Doppler shift and, consequently, the radiation pressure experienced by the
mirror.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, 13 equation
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