Correction to: Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy (Nano-Micro Letters, (2021), 13 (11), 10.1007/s40820-020-00537-8)

In the original publication figures 7 and 11 need to be updated with correct values. The correct version of figures 7 and 11 is provided in this correction. The original article has been corrected

Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

The present review highlights the importance of remotely activated nanoparticles for anticancer purposes.For each physical input, we present its possible active synergy with several nanomaterials.We report examples and the mechanism of action when clarified.Clinical trials involving remotely triggered nanoparticles are discussed. Cancer has nowadays become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional anticancer approaches are associated with different limitations. Therefore, innovative methodologies are being investigated, and several researchers propose the use of remotely activated nanoparticles to trigger cancer cell death. The idea is to conjugate two different components, i.e., an external physical input and nanoparticles. Both are given in a harmless dose that once combined together act synergistically to therapeutically treat the cell or tissue of interest, thus also limiting the negative outcomes for the surrounding tissues. Tuning both the properties of the nanomaterial and the involved triggering stimulus, it is possible furthermore to achieve not only a therapeutic effect, but also a powerful platform for imaging at the same time, obtaining a nano-theranostic application. In the present review, we highlight the role of nanoparticles as therapeutic or theranostic tools, thus excluding the cases where a molecular drug is activated. We thus present many examples where the highly cytotoxic power only derives from the active interaction between different physical inputs and nanoparticles. We perform a special focus on mechanical waves responding nanoparticles, in which remotely activated nanoparticles directly become therapeutic agents without the need of the administration of chemotherapeutics or sonosensitizing drugs. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Characterizing Convergence Conditions for the Mα-Integral

Park, Ryu, and Lee recently defined a Henstock-type integral, which lies entirely between the McShane and the Henstock integrals. This paper presents two characterizing convergence conditions for this integral, and derives other known convergence theorems as corollaries

Cauchy Extension of Mα-Integral and Absolute Mα-Integrability

Park, Ryu, and Lee recently introduced a Henstock-type integral, which lies between the Mcshane and the Henstock integrals. This paper proves the closure property of this new integral under Cauchy extension, and presents a characterization on absolute Mα-integrabilit

Focalization performance study of a novel bulk acoustic wave device

This work illustrates focalization performances of a silicon‐based bulk acoustic wave device applied for the separation of specimens owing to micrometric dimensions. Samples are separated in the microfluidic channel by the presence of an acoustic field, which focalizes particles or cells according to their mechanical properties compared to the surrounded medium ones. Design and fabrication processes are reported, followed by focalization performance tests conducted either with synthetic particles or cells. High focalization performances occurred at different microparticle concentrations. In addition, preliminary tests carried out with HL‐60 cells highlighted an optimal separation performance at a high flow rate and when cells are mixed with micro and nanoparticles without affecting device focalization capabilities. These encouraging results showed how this bulk acoustic wave device could be exploited to develop a diagnostic tool for early diagnosis or some specific target therapies by separating different kinds of cells or biomarkers possessing different mechanical properties such as shapes, sizes and densities

Novos registros de Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera) no estado de Roraima, Brasil.

Registra pela primeira vez a ocorrência de seis espécies de Aleyrodidae e respectivas plantas hospedeiras no Estado de Roraima. Dentre os registros constam Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, praga quarentenária presente no Brasil (A2) e alguns inimigos naturais

Solar sail capture trajectories at Mercury

Mercury is an ideal environment for future planetary exploration by solar sail since it has proved difficult to reach with conventional propulsion and hence remains largely unexplored. In addition, its proximity to the Sun provides a solar sail acceleration of order ten times the sail characteristic acceleration at 1 AU. Conventional capture techniques are shown to be unsuitable for solar sails and a new method is presented. It is shown that capture is bound by upper and lower limits on the orbital elements of the approach orbit and that failure to be within limits results in a catastrophic collision with the planet. These limits are presented for a range of capture inclinations and sail characteristic accelerations. It is found that sail hyperbolic excess velocity is a critical parameter during capture at Mercury, with only a narrow allowed band in order to avoid collision with the planet. The new capture methodis demonstrated for a Mercury sample return mission

Lipid-coated zinc oxide nanocrystals as innovative ROS-generators for photodynamic therapy

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment that combines the administration of a nontoxic drug, called photosensitizer (PS), with light irradiation of the targeted region. It has been proposed as a new cancer therapy, promising better selectivity and fewer side-effects compared to traditional chemo- and radio-therapies. PSs indeed can accumulate specifically within the region of interest so that when the light is directly focused only in that region the therapeutic effect is highly localized. Traditional PSs, like chlorins and porphyrins, suffer from several drawbacks such as aggregation in biological media and poor biocompatibility. Thus, the development of innovative photosensitizers able to overcome these issues is crucial to the therapeutic action of PDT. Among the others, nanostructured Zinc Oxide (ZnO) has been recently proposed as new therapeutic agent and PS thanks to its semiconducting properties, biocompatible features, and ease of functionalization [1]. Nevertheless, further efforts are needed in order to improve its colloidal stability in biological media and to unravel the effective therapeutic mechanism. Here, we propose the synthesis and characterization of lipid-coated ZnO nanoparticles as new photosensitizer for cancer PDT [2]. First, by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) experiments, we show that the lipid-coating increases the colloidal stability of the ZnO NPs in Phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Then, using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) coupled with the spin-trapping technique, we demonstrate and characterize the ability of bare and lipid-coated ZnO NPs to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in water only when remotely actuated via light irradiation. Interestingly, our results aware that the surface chemistry of the NPs greatly influence the type of photo-generated ROS. Finally, we show that our NPs are effectively internalized inside human epithelial carcinoma cells (HeLa) via a lysosomal pathway and that they are able to generate ROS inside cancer cells. [1] B. Dumontel, M. Canta, H. Engelke, A. Chiodoni, L. Racca, A. Ancona, T. Limongi, G. Canavese and V. Cauda, ‎J. Mater. Chem. B. under revision. [2] A. Ancona, H. Engelke, N. Garino, B. Dumontel, W.Fazzini and V. Cauda, to be submitted. The support from ERC Starting Grant – Project N. 678151 “Trojananohorse” is gratefully acknowledged