Нейропротекторное действие миоинозитола на клеточной модели глутаматного стресса как основа для профилактики нарушений внутриутробного развития головного мозга

Myoinositol is the basis for the synthesis of an important group of signal molecules, inositolphosphates, which mediate signal transmission from receptors of growth factors and neurotransmitters. Grants myo-Inositol promote the prevention of folate-resistant defects and neuroprotection of the fetal brain ischemia. The paper presents the results of a study of the effects of myoinositol on the growth of cerebellar neurons in culture under glutamate stress. It is shown that the effects of myoinositol on the survival of neurons (+17 %) exceed the effects of drugs that are usually used for neuroprotection (peptide extracts - + 10 %, choline preparations - no more than 3 %). Confirmed in the present work, a direct neuroprotective effect of myo-Inositol indicates the importance of the use of myo-Inositol during pregnancy with the aim of neuroprotection of the fetal brain.Миоинозитол - основа для синтеза важной группы сигнальных молекул, инозитолфосфатов, которые опосредуют передачу сигнала от рецепторов ростовых факторов и нейротрансмиттеров. Дотации миоинозитола способствуют профилактике фолат-резистентных пороков развития и нейропротекции мозга плода в условиях ишемии. В работе представлены результаты исследования эффектов миоинозитола на рост нейронов мозжечка в культуре в условиях глутаматного стресса. Показано, что эффекты миоинозитола на выживание нейронов (+17 %) превосходят эффекты средств, которые обычно используются для нейропротекции (пептидные экстракты - +10 %, холиновые препараты - не более 3 %). Подтверждённое в настоящей работе прямое нейропротекторное действие миоинозитола указывает на важность использования миоинозитола во время беременности с целью нейропротекции мозга плода

Аскорбат лития улучшает адаптацию к стрессу на моделях in vitro и in vivo

He paper presents the results of studies of Lithium ascorbate on the models of stress in vitro and in vivo. The results show significant neuroprotective effect of Lithium ascorbate on the model of glutamate stress in the culture of grainy neurocytes. Experiments on modeLs of transport and immobiLization stress confirmed the adaptogenic effects of Lithium ascorbate.В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследований in vitro и in vivo воздействия аскорбата лития на адаптацию к стрессу. Представлены результаты исследований нейроцитологических и экспериментальных моделей стресса. Установлен нейропротекторный эффект аскорбата лития на модели глутаматного стресса в культуре зернистых нейроцитов мозжечка. Эксперименты на моделях транспортного и иммобилизационного стресса подтвердили адаптогенное воздействие аскорбата лития

Anti-Prion Activity of Brilliant Blue G

BACKGROUND: Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders with no effective therapy currently available. Accumulating evidence has implicated over-activation of P2X7 ionotropic purinergic receptor (P2X7R) in the progression of neuronal loss in several neurodegenerative diseases. This has led to the speculation that simultaneous blockade of this receptor and prion replication can be an effective therapeutic strategy for prion diseases. We have focused on Brilliant Blue G (BBG), a well-known P2X7R antagonist, possessing a chemical structure expected to confer anti-prion activity and examined its inhibitory effect on the accumulation of pathogenic isoforms of prion protein (PrPres) in a cellular and a mouse model of prion disease in order to determine its therapeutic potential. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: BBG prevented PrPres accumulation in infected MG20 microglial and N2a neural cells at 50% inhibitory concentrations of 14.6 and 3.2 µM, respectively. Administration of BBG in vivo also reduced PrPres accumulation in the brains of mice with prion disease. However, it did not appear to alleviate the disease progression compared to the vehicle-treated controls, implying a complex role of P2X7R on the neuronal degeneration in prion diseases. SIGNIFICANCE: These results provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of prion diseases and have important implications for the treatment

Neuroprotective properties of lithium salts during glutamate-induced stress

Organic lithium salts are a promising area for searching for effective and safe neuroprotective drugs. By using chronic bilateral common carotid artery occlusion models, the authors have previously found that lithium gluconate and lithium citrate are effective agents to prevent a neurological deficit in brain ischemic or neurodegenerative damages. The use of organic lithium salts in brain ischemia leads to their targeted accumulation in the frontal lobes of the brain and in the cerebrospinal fluid, normalizing trace elemental homeostasis in the brain Objective: to compare the neuroprotective effects of different lithium salts (chloride, carbonate, ascorbate, and citrate).Material and methods. A neurocytological study was performed using a glutamate-induced stress model in cultured granular neurons (CGNs).The state of CGNs was monitored daily and at each experimental stage, by viewing in an inverted phase contrast microscope. The final concentrations of the test substances in the culture medium were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5, and 1 mM. The survival of CGNs was quantified by directly counting the neurons with intact morphology in 5 fields of vision. Five experiments were carried out for each substance. The number of neurons with intact morphology in the control cultures was taken as 100% survival.Results. Lithium chloride and lithium carbonate in the studied range of concentrations did not show significant neuroprotective properties.Lithium ascorbate and lithium citrate, on the contrary, significantly increased the survival of neurons in mild, moderate and severe glutamateinduced stress. Lithium citrate at a concentration of 0.2 mM increased the survival rate of CGNs by an average of 30% (p < 0.003). The active neuroprotective principles of lithium citrate were shown to be both lithium ion and citrate anion. These positive qualities of the test organic lithium salts are explained primarily by the fact that ascorbate and citrate anions contribute to the enhanced transport of lithium ions into the cells through appropriate ion channels for the transport of organic acids (SLC13A5, etc.).Conclusion. Lithium ascorbate and lithium citrate were confirmed to have an immediate neuroprotective effect on cerebellar CGNs. Treatment of CGNs with lithium citrate showed a 30% increase in cell survival during glutamate-induced stress