The Web-based Application Server: Combining earth observation with in-situ data and modelling. ISECA Final Report D3.1

The report describes the purpose, architecture and functionalities of the ISECA Web-based Application Server (WAS). This web-based information system combines earth observation and in-situ data with examples of model simulations related to eutrophication for the 2Seas Territorial Waters of the Southern North Sea. Step-by-step instructions on how to use the WAS are included in this report. More background information on the problem of eutrophication and eutrophication modelling is found in ISECA report D3.2 - Eutrophication problems, causes and potential solutions, and exchange of reusable model building components for the integrated simulation of coastal eutrophication

Attempted Diastereoselective Preparation and Chiroptical Properties of (2S)-1-(3-Mercapto-2-Methyl-1-Oxopropyl)-L-Proline (Captopril) and Some Congeners

CD and 13C-NMRstudy of the eonformational properties of (2S)-1-(3-mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-L-proline (captopril, 1), and its congeners 2-5, 8, 9 is reported. 13C-NMRdata (in DMSO-d6) reveal an E/Z (cis/trans) ratio of ea. (15-30) : (70-85) for the N-acetyl-prolines 1, 5, 10, and for N-acetyl-L-proline. CD data indicate practically identical conformations for the ring systems of 8 and 9. Attempted diastereoselective cyclization of the sodium salt of 7 or the free thioacid into 8 and 9 resulted in low chemical yields (-30%) and low diastereoselectivity, favouring formation of the »wrong- diastereomer 9 in small excess (-20%)

VITO combineert sensorplatformen met aardobservatie voor een betere monitoring van water

De huidige systemen om de toestand van het water op te volgen, voldoen vaak niet aan de noden van waterbeheerders, baggeraars, waterbedrijven, havenbeheerders, enzovoort. De data schieten tekort in kwaliteit en kwantiteit. Daarom ontwikkelt VITO een monitoringssysteem dat geautomatiseerde sensoren op onbemande vaartuigen combineert met aardobservatie: SAVEWATER. Ook het beschikbaar stellen van de data maakt deel uit van dit systeem. Het project wordt samen met de Europese ruimtevaartorganisatie ESA uitgewerkt

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;Art and Society One. War by Ken Baynes, reviewed by Ronald FrankenbergArt and Society Two. Work by Ken Baynes and Alan Robinson, reviewed by Ronald FrankenbergArt and Society Three. Worship by Ken and Kate Baynes, reviewed by Ronald FrankenbergArt and Science by Dolf Rieser, reviewed by M. K. PaffardA COMMON SYSTEM OF EXAMINING AT 16+ by the Schols Council Examinations Bulletin No.23, reviewed by W. G. SkinnerSchool Resource Centres, the Schools Council Working Paper 43, reviewed by L. BroughA History of English Furniture by John Harrison, reviewed by S. J. EgglestonTrends in School Design by Eric Pearson, reviewed by P. K. BodenWorking Space, A Place to Paint, Language Aeas by Jason Dean, reviewed by P. K. BodenAlive to Art by Jose Llobera, reviewed by John LancasterVisual Education in the primary school by John M. Pickering, reviewed by L. BroughArt & Design Cards. Packs 1 & 2 by Ian Pillinger, reviewed by Francis ZankerWorkshop Assignments, Book One by S. Dunkerley & A. Huxton, reviewed by L. BroughStep By Step Metalwork, Book 3 by Kenneth Wells, reviewed by M. SayerIntroducing Jewellery Making by John Crawford, reviewed by John DecorteMaggie Hayes Jewellery Book by Maggie Hayes, reviewed by S. J. Egglesto

Kinetics of Cyclization of 2-(N-B-Bromoethyl)-amino-5-substituted Benzophenones into 1,4-Benzodiazepines

The overall pseudo-first order cyclization rates of 2-N-/J-bro moethylamino-5-substituted benzophenones 1-3 into 1,4-benzodiazepines 7-9, determined in 60/o ethanolic ammonia at 100 °c, 115 °c, and 125 °c respectively, were found to range between 1.0 X 10-• and 8.33 X 10-• s-1 for 1, between 1.6 X 10-4 and 5.83 X 10-• s·1 for 2 and between 6.66 X 10-5 and 3.16 X 10-• s-1 for 3. Rate values calculated from the rising concentrations of cyclization products 7-9 were lower indicating the formation of stable intermediates. It is assumed that these are protonated aziridine derivatives 4-6, since compounds 4 and 5 were identified as intermediates by TLC and GLC. The formation rate for the model compound 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone imine was found to be only 5.8 x 10-7 s-1 at 125 °C, which eliminates imine (C=NH) derivatives of 1-3 as possible intermediates. The ammonolysis rates of 3-phenylpropylbromide between 110 °c and 125 °c, were found to range from 1.5 X 10-4 to 4.16 X 10-• s·1• These values revealed that the ~-participation of the N(2)-atom, being a relatively rapid equilibrium, does not enhance the overall cyclization rate. The following parameters characterize the overall cyclization process; l\u27i H=I= = 50.0 ± 4.0 kJ mo1-1 and l\u27i S=I= = -156 ± 5 J mo1-1 K-1 for 1, /\u27i H=I= = 89.9 ±.4.0 kJ moP K 1 for 2, l\u27i H=I= = = 75.3 ± 4.0 kJ moi-1 and l\u27i S=I= = -89 ± 4 J moi-1 K\u27 for 3

Curves of Placental Weights of Live-Born Twins

The purpose of this study is to present curves of estimated placental growth in twins and to evaluate the relative contribution of gestational age, zygosity, chorionicity, fusion of the placentas, sex of the individual and of the twin pair, site of the umbilical cord insertion, birth order, maternal age, and parity. Perinatal data and placental data were obtained from 6315 live-born twin pairs from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. Of 4318 twin pairs, with no missing values, the placental weights of different gestational ages were analyzed using a nonlinear multivariate Gaussian regression. Two groups were distinguished: (1) twins with two separate placentas, and (2) twins with only one placental mass (one placenta in case of monochorionic twins or two fused placentas in case of dichorionic placentas). Overall, placental weight was influenced by gestational age, fusion of the placentas, and parity. In the case of one placental mass, monozygotic dichorionic twins had the lowest weights. If two separate placentas were present, birth order played a role in favor of the first-born twin. For parity and zygosity, the differences were most pronounced between 27 and 29 weeks, whereas the difference for birth order was most pronounced between 33 and 37 weeks. In conclusion, basic physiological characteristics, routinely examined at birth, influence placental weight. Taking these covariates into account allows a better evaluation of the placental weight given a gestational age, as an indicator of growth

The assessment of neuromuscular fatigue during 120 min of simulated soccer exercise

Purpose This investigation examined the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a simulated soccer match incorporating a period of extra time (ET) and the reliability of these responses on repeated test occasions. Methods Ten male amateur football players completed a 120 min soccer match simulation (SMS). Before, at half time (HT), full time (FT), and following a period of ET, twitch responses to supramaximal femoral nerve and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were obtained from the knee-extensors to measure neuromuscular fatigue. Within 7 days of the first SMS, a second 120 min SMS was performed by eight of the original ten participants to assess the reliability of the fatigue response. Results At HT, FT, and ET, reductions in maximal voluntary force (MVC; −11, −20 and −27%, respectively, P ≤ 0.01), potentiated twitch force (−15, −23 and −23%, respectively, P < 0.05), voluntary activation (FT, −15 and ET, −18%, P ≤ 0.01), and voluntary activation measured with TMS (−11, −15 and −17%, respectively, P ≤ 0.01) were evident. The fatigue response was robust across both trials; the change in MVC at each time point demonstrated a good level of reliability (CV range 6–11%; ICC2,1 0.83–0.94), whilst the responses identified with motor nerve stimulation showed a moderate level of reliability (CV range 5–18%; ICC2,1 0.63–0.89) and the data obtained with motor cortex stimulation showed an excellent level of reliability (CV range 3–6%; ICC2,1 0.90–0.98). Conclusion Simulated soccer exercise induces a significant level of fatigue, which is consistent on repeat tests, and involves both central and peripheral mechanisms