Mindfulness-Based School Interventions: a Systematic Review of Outcome Evidence Quality by Study Design

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the current literature on mindfulness-based school interventions (MBSIs) by evaluating evidence across specific outcomes for youth. METHODS: We evaluated 77 studies with a total sample of 12,358 students across five continents, assessing the quality of each study through a robust coding system for evidence-based guidelines. Coders rated each study numerically per study design as 1++ (RCT with a very low risk of bias) to 4 (expert opinion) and across studies for the corresponding evidence letter grade, from highest quality (‘A Grade’) to lowest quality (‘D Grade’) evidence. RESULTS: The highest quality evidence (‘A Grade’) across outcomes indicated that MBSIs increased prosocial behavior, resilience, executive function, attention and mindfulness, and decreased anxiety, attention problems/ADHD behaviors and conduct behaviors. The highest quality evidence for well-being was split, with some studies showing increased well-being and some showing no improvements. The highest quality evidence suggests MBSIs have a null effect on depression symptoms. CONCLUSION: This review demonstrates the promise of incorporating mindfulness interventions in school settings for improving certain youth outcomes. We urge researchers interested in MBSIs to study their effectiveness using more rigorous designs (e.g., RCTs with active control groups, multi-method outcome assessment, and follow-up evaluation), to minimize bias and promote higher quality—not just increased quantity—evidence that can be relied upon to guide school-based practice

Mindfulness-based school interventions: A systematic review of outcome evidence quality by study design.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the current literature on mindfulness-based school interventions (MBSIs) by evaluating evidence across specific outcomes for youth. Methods: We evaluated 77 studies with a total sample of 12,358 students across five continents, assessing the quality of each study through a robust coding system for evidence-based guidelines. Coders rated each study numerically per study design as 1++ (RCT with a very low risk of bias) to 4 (expert opinion) and across studies for the corresponding evidence letter grade, from highest quality (\u27A Grade\u27) to lowest quality (\u27D Grade\u27) evidence. Results: The highest quality evidence (\u27A Grade\u27) across outcomes indicated that MBSIs increased prosocial behavior, resilience, executive function, attention and mindfulness, and decreased anxiety, attention problems/ADHD behaviors and conduct behaviors. The highest quality evidence for well-being was split, with some studies showing increased well-being and some showing no improvements. The highest quality evidence suggests MBSIs have a null effect on depression symptoms. Conclusion: This review demonstrates the promise of incorporating mindfulness interventions in school settings for improving certain youth outcomes. We urge researchers interested in MBSIs to study their effectiveness using more rigorous designs (e.g., RCTs with active control groups, multi-method outcome assessment, and follow-up evaluation), to minimize bias and promote higher quality-not just increased quantity-evidence that can be relied upon to guide school-based practice

Iron deficiency stimulates anthocyanin accumulation in grapevine apical leaves

Iron chlorosis is a diffuse disorder affecting Mediterranean vineyards. Beside the commonly described symptom of chlorophyll decrease, an apex reddening was recently observed. Secondary metabolites, such as anthocyanins, are often synthetized to cope with stresses in plants. The present work aimed to evaluate grapevine responses to iron deficiency, in terms of anthocyanin metabolism (reflectance spectrum, total anthocyanin content, HPLC profile and gene expression) in apical leaves of Cabernet sauvignon and Sangiovese grown in hydroponic conditions. Iron supply interruption produced after one month an increasing of anthocyanin content associated to a more stable profile in both cultivars. In Cabernet sauvignon, the higher red pigment accumulation was associated to a lower intensity of chlorotic symptoms, while in Sangiovese, despite the activation of the metabolism, the lower anthocyanin accumulation was associated to a stronger decrease in chlorophyll concentration. Gene expression data showed a significant increase of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The effects on the expression of structural and transcription factor genes of phenylpropanoid pathway were cultivar dependent. F3H, F3'H, F3'5'H and LDOX genes, in Cabernet sauvignon, and AOMT1 and AOMT genes, in Sangiovese, were positively affected by the treatment in response to iron deficiency. All data support the hypothesis of an anthocyanin biosynthesis stimulation rather than a decreased degradation of them due to iron chlorosis

Su un caso di cisti di echinococco a estrinsecazione endobronchiale

Gli autori descrivono un caso di echinococco ad estrinsecazione endobronchiale che è stato risolto mediante l'utilizzazione del broncoscopio rigido, sia dal punto di vista diagnostico che terapeutico

Considerazioni sull'importanza dell'indagine doppler nella diagnosi della sindrome di furto della succlavia

In questo studio viene proposta l'indagine Doppler come una metodica affidabile per la diagnosi del furto succlavio

Watermelon stomach. Descrizione di un caso clinico e revisione della letteratura

THE AUTHORS DESCRIBE THE WATERMELON STOMACH IN AN ELDERLY MALE, WHO WAS AFFECTED WITH CIRRHOSIS AND RENAL FAILURE

il trattamento delle complicanze infettive degli innesti cutanei

The authors report 5 cases of skin loss treated by skin grafts.infection is the most important cause of bad results in recostruction with skin graft

il neodimio-yag laser nel trattamento dei tumori inoperabili della trachea e dei grossi bronchi

Personal experience in the treatment of bronchial cancers using nd-yag laser is reporte

Indicazioni e risultati delle teleangectasie essenziali degli arti inferiori con argon laser [Indications and results of the argon laser treatment of essential telangiectasis of the lower limbs]

Gli Autori, sulla base dell’esperienza acquisita nel trattamento con Argon Laser delle teleangectasie degli arti inferiori (105 casi), sottolineano l’importanza di un accurato rilievo anamnestico e clinico onde porre precise indicazioni. Le sedi, la profondità, il diametro delle teleangectasie, l’assenza di patologia venosa concomitante nonché il tipo di razza, sembrano essere i fattori pi determinanti nel condizionare la qualità del risultato. Anche l’anamnesi negativa per fibromatosi cicatriziale e pregressi trattamenti locali sembrano esercitare una notevole influenza sul risultato finale