Hampton-Seabrook Estuary Habitat Restoration Compendium

The goal of this report is to identify restoration opportunities within the watershed derived from data on habitat change. Many other factors exist that are important in the identification and selection of restoration projects, including water quality and non-point source pollution, water withdrawal, harbor maintenance, recreational impacts, human history, and socioeconomic factors, among others. Although information regarding these factors is not explicitly included in this analysis, these factors must be considered and addressed as they may limit the potential for success in specific restoration effort

Hampton-Seabrook Estuary Restoration Compendium

The Hampton-Seabrook Estuary Habitat Restoration Compendium (HSEHRC) is a compilation of information on the historic and current distributions of salt marsh and sand dune habitats and diadromous fishes within the Hampton-Seabrook Estuary watershed. These habitats and species groups were selected due to the important ecological role they play within the watershed and with effective restoration and conservation efforts, will continue to play. Other ecologically important habitats and species, such as avifauna, shellfish and eelgrass beds, currently are or historically were present within the watershed. Shellfish and seagrass are recognized as important habitats within the Estuary, but were not included in the current report because a different analytical approach may be required for such dynamic and/or short-lived species. A recent report by the New Hampshire (NH) Audubon Society details modern bird use of the Hampton-Seabrook Estuary (McKinley and Hunt 2008). Restoration opportunities have been identified within the watershed by evaluating habitat loss and changes in land use over time. Restoration opportunities are not prioritized in order to allow the goals and objectives of each restoration practitioner to govern project selection. However, in accordance with an ecosystem-based approach to restoration, areas containing multi-habitat restoration opportunities are considered to be of the highest priority. Furthermore, restoration efforts should ensure processes critical for the support of restored components are maintained or reestablished. The goal of this report is to identify restoration opportunities within the watershed derived from data on habitat change. Many other factors exist that are important in the identification and selection of restoration projects, including water quality and non-point source pollution, water withdrawal, harbor maintenance, recreational impacts, human history, and socioeconomic factors, among others. Although information regarding these factors is not explicitly included in this analysis, these factors must be considered and addressed as they may limit the potential for success in specific restoration efforts We present a series of maps detailing changes in the extent of sand dune and salt marsh habitats over time, the current and historic distribution of seven diadromous fish species, and restoration opportunities within the Hampton-Seabrook Estuary and watershed. A narrative describes the methods used, the results of analyses and examples of prominent restoration projects. Each major section concludes with references used in the narrative and maps. The maps are available for viewing as portable document format (.pdf) files. For those with GIS capabilities, the ArcMap 9.2 project files, associated data files and metadata are included on the compact disc as well. The underlying concept and methods for the HSEHRC stem from a previous project conducted within the Great Bay Estuary, the Great Bay Estuary Restoration Compendium (Odell et al. 2006)

Quantum degenerate dipolar Fermi gas

The interplay between crystallinity and superfluidity is of great fundamental and technological interest in condensed matter settings. In particular, electronic quantum liquid crystallinity arises in the non-Fermi liquid, pseudogap regime neighboring a cuprate's unconventional superconducting phase. While the techniques of ultracold atomic physics and quantum optics have enabled explorations of the strongly correlated, many-body physics inherent in, e.g., the Hubbard model, lacking has been the ability to create a quantum degenerate Fermi gas with interparticle interactions---such as the strong dipole-dipole interaction---capable of inducing analogs to electronic quantum liquid crystals. We report the first quantum degenerate dipolar Fermi gas, the realization of which opens a new frontier for exploring strongly correlated physics and, in particular, the quantum melting of smectics in the pristine environment provided by the ultracold atomic physics setting. A quantum degenerate Fermi gas of the most magnetic atom 161Dy is produced by laser cooling to 10 uK before sympathetically cooling with ultracold, bosonic 162Dy. The temperature of the spin-polarized 161Dy is a factor T/TF=0.2 below the Fermi temperature TF=300 nK. The co-trapped 162Dy concomitantly cools to approximately Tc for Bose-Einstein condensation, thus realizing a novel, nearly quantum degenerate dipolar Bose-Fermi gas mixture.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

A long-lived spin-orbit-coupled degenerate dipolar Fermi gas

We describe the creation of a long-lived spin-orbit-coupled gas of quantum degenerate atoms using the most magnetic fermionic element, dysprosium. Spin-orbit-coupling arises from a synthetic gauge field created by the adiabatic following of degenerate dressed states comprised of optically coupled components of an atomic spin. Because of dysprosium's large electronic orbital angular momentum and large magnetic moment, the lifetime of the gas is limited not by spontaneous emission from the light-matter coupling, as for gases of alkali-metal atoms, but by dipolar relaxation of the spin. This relaxation is suppressed at large magnetic fields due to Fermi statistics. We observe lifetimes up to 400 ms, which exceeds that of spin-orbit-coupled fermionic alkali atoms by a factor of 10-100, and is close to the value obtained from a theoretical model. Elastic dipolar interactions are also observed to influence the Rabi evolution of the spin, revealing an interacting fermionic system. The long lifetime of this weakly interacting spin-orbit-coupled degenerate Fermi gas will facilitate the study of quantum many-body phenomena manifest at longer timescales, with exciting implications for the exploration of exotic topological quantum liquids.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, one appendi

t* for S waves with a continental ray path

The purpose of this study was to determine t* for S waves with ray paths under the continental United States. The data set consists of long- and short-period body waves from the Borrego Mountain earthquake as observed in the northeastern U.S. The P wave forms are dominated by the sP phase and the SH wave forms by the sS. It is assumed that there are no losses in pure compression so that the relative attenuation rate of P and S waves is known. The initial source radiation is determined from the sP phase and the value of t_β* from the spectral content of the S wave. The results indicate that t_β* is 5.2 ± 0.7 sec along this ray path. Long- and short-period body waves from some deep South American events are used to test for lateral asymmetry of the Q distribution under the U.S. No lateral amplitude variation exists in this data, but this result is difficult to correlate with many previous results. The t_ β* value for a 600-km deep earthquake appears to be about 3 sec. A comparison of these values with values computed from current models of the Earth's Q distribution indicates that the models are slightly too high in Q overall and that more of the total body-wave attenuation occurs above 600 km than is indicated by the models

Telegram from Usher Burdick to Governor Langer, 1933

Usher Burdick, President of the Farmers\u27 Holiday Association, sent this telegram to Governor William Langer in October 1933 regarding the loss of a farm owned by Mary Patterson of Westhope, North Dakota. The Association sought to end foreclosures on family farms and worked closely with Langer when the Governor enacted a moratorium on farm foreclosures in 1933. Usher Burdick served in the United States House of Representatives from 1935 to 1945 and from 1949 to 1959.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1062/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Representative Burdick to President Glenn J. Talbott Regarding Sending Copies of a Bulletin for Flood Sufferers, May 6, 1952

This letter dated May 6, 1952 from United States (US) Representative Usher L. Burdick to North Dakota Farmers Union President Glenn J. Talbott informs Talbott that Burdick is sending one hundred copies of a US government bulletin regarding methods for flood sufferers to rehabilitate themselves.https://commons.und.edu/burdick-papers/1531/thumbnail.jp

Speech by Representative Usher Burdick, What Can Be Done for the American Indian? April 25, 1944

This speech, delivered April 25, 1944 in the United States House of Representatives by US Representative Usher L. Burdick, is titled What Can Be Done for the American Indian. Burdick begins by noting that the Indian tribes were in possession of this country when the white man landed, and catalogues many injustices against them, including dispossession through repeated violations of treaties and other examples of bad-faith dealings, eventually arriving at the current situation in which tribes have been placed under the guardianship of the US Government. Burdick goes on to explain that tribes have been denied justice in US courts due to the need for an act of congress to allow them to go before the US Court of Claims, and that the scope of their claims is unreasonably limited by the language of the jurisdictional act. In rare cases where tribes are actually able to establish their claims, Burdick says, they are subjected to set-offs and counterclaims that cancel out or even exceed their established claims, so that despite winning their suit, they receive nothing or, worse yet, owe the government. Burdick mentions the Wheeler-Howard act of 1934 and the fact that it is supported by some Indians and opposed by others, and that the attempt to force this act on all Indians has created bad blood and ill-feeling and generally has disrupted the peace and quiet of more than one reservation. In conclusion, Burdick calls for all the claims of Indians against the US government to be rounded up and finally settled, and when this is accomplished for the Indian Bureau to be abolished and for Indians to take their proper place among other citizens of their State with all the rights, privileges, responsibilities, and duties of any other citizen.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/2039/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Representive Burdick to Joseph Wick Regarding Garrison Dam Pool Level, March 23, 1949

This letter, dated March 23, 1949, from United States (US) Representative Usher Burdick to Joseph Wicks concerns the pool level of Garrison Dam. The letter states that Burdick has attached copies of Mr. Case\u27s bill and that Burdick is doing all he can to stop the US Army Engineers from building a high dam at Garrison.https://commons.und.edu/burdick-papers/1378/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Representative Burdick to James Black Dog Regarding Owl Woman Estate, May 27, 1955

This letter, dated May 27, 1955, from United States (US) Representative Usher Burdick to James Black Dog states that in response to Black Dog\u27s letter of May 21, Burdick is checking in regard to Martin Fox\u27s right to all of the estate. See also: Probate of Owl Woman Estate filed by Laura Cottonwood, May 13, 1955 Letter from Representative Burdick to Ralph Shane Regarding Owl Woman Estate, May 26, 1955https://commons.und.edu/burdick-papers/1499/thumbnail.jp