Черепно-мозговая травма и нейровоспаление: обзор основных биомаркеров

Traumatic brain injury is one of the main causes of both acute and long-term morbidity that concern that affects individuals in all demographics. The processes that occur during traumatic brain injury and neuroinflammation cannot be fully explained in most clinical and preclinical researches. Neuroinflammation is a very complex interaction between the cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The development of reactions of the innate immune system occurs under the influence of various signals that are released from damaged cells and tissues. This leads to the activation of neutrophils, microglia and astrocytes, the release of complement, as well as the release of histamine by mast cells. Subsequently, activation of an adaptive immune response leads to the development of later effects of neuroinflammation. The topic of biomarkers in traumatic brain injury is extensive and rapidly developing. We presented an overview of the most common and well-studied biomarkers in the literature regarding head injury in humans and their role in predicting the outcome in traumatic brain injury. Among the presented biomarkers, the most specific for traumatic brain injury are interleukins-6, -8, -10 and matrix metalloproteinases. We can use interleukin-6 to predict the outcome and risk of complications of traumatic brain injury. The concentration of interleukin-8 shows the relationship of the biomarker with mortality. We can use interleukin-10 to confirm the results of computed tomography in traumatic brain injury. Matrix metalloproteinases present the degree of violation of the blood-brain barrier and brain dysfunction. Other indicators need a more complete study to clarify their role in this pathology. Of course, for a more reliable conclusion about the patient's condition, it is preferable to use the data of several biomarkers at the same time. © 2012 Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems. All Rights Reserved

Structure and outcomes of paracetamol poisoning according to the Sverdlovsk regional center for acute poisoning

The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of acute poisoning with paracetamol in the Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the treatment of poisoning and toxicological centers of Irkutsk, Tyumen and Izhevsk.Цель исследования – провести анализ структуры острых отравлений парацетамолом в Свердловском областном центре по лечению отравлений и токсикологических центрах г. Иркутска, Тюмени и Ижевска

Aneuploidy Detection in Pigs Using Comparative Genomic Hybridization: From the Oocytes to Blastocysts

Data on the frequency of aneuploidy in farm animals are lacking and there is the need for a reliable technique which is capable of detecting all chromosomes simultaneously in a single cell. With the employment of comparative genomic hybridization coupled with the whole genome amplification technique, this study brings new information regarding the aneuploidy of individual chromosomes in pigs. Focus is directed on in vivo porcine blastocysts and late morulas, 4.7% of which were found to carry chromosomal abnormality. Further, ploidy abnormalities were examined using FISH in a sample of porcine embryos. True polyploidy was relatively rare (1.6%), whilst mixoploidy was presented in 46.8% of embryos, however it was restricted to only a small number of cells per embryo. The combined data indicates that aneuploidy is not a prevalent cause of embryo mortality in pigs

Paracetamol poisoning: the experience of the city center of toxicology

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the frequency of PC poisonings in the structure of poisonings in the city center, and the effectiveness of antidote therapy.Цель исследования – оценить частоту отравлений ПЦ в структуре отравлений городского центра, и эффективность антидотной терапии