Electrodeposited Co93.2P6.8 nanowire arrays with core-shell microstructure and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

We demonstrate the formation of an unusual core-shell microstructure in Co93.2P6.8 nanowires electrodeposited by alternating current (ac) in an alumina template. By means of transmission electron microscopy, it is shown that the coaxial-like nanowires contain amorphous and crystalline phases. Analysis of the magnetization data for Co-P alloy nanowires indicates that a ferromagnetic core is surrounded by a weakly ferromagnetic or non-magnetic phase, depending on the phosphor content. The nanowire arrays exhibit an easy axis of magnetization parallel to the wire axis. For this peculiar composition and structure, the coercivity values are 2380 ± 50 and 1260 ± 35 Oe, parallel and perpendicular to the plane directions of magnetization, respectively. This effect is attributed to the core-shell structure making the properties and applications of these nanowires similar to pure cobalt nanowires with an improved perpendicular anisotropy. <br/

Роль генодиагностики в прогнозировании ДВС-синдрома и риска развития полиорганной недостаточности у детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции

Aim: To investigate the features of allelic polymorphism, of several immune- and hemostasis-related genes in children with generalized, meningococcal infections and. to assess the usefulness of genotyping for prediction, of severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and. multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome in these patients.Materials and methods: we studied. 20 children aged, from 8 months up to 17 years with generalized, meningococcal infections who developed DIC or/and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The control group consisted, of 200 blood, donors. Genomic DNA was isolated, from peripheral blood, leucocytes. Allelic variants of genes coding for plasma hemostatic factors (FI-A, FI-B, FXIII-A, PAI-1, ТРА) or pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A) were detected by PCR and. subsequent restriction, analysis. Allele and. genotype frequencies were calculated, by direct counting, and. their differences between the groups were assessed, by Fisher's exact test. For statistical analysis, the GraphPad. Prism, ver.4.0 software was used.Results: in the group of children with generalized, meningococcal infections, the frequency of heterozygotes for the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism, was 1.5-fold higher than in the controls (75.0% vs. 50.0%, respectively, OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.1-8.6; p=0.037). Genotype TPA Del/Del was detected 4-fold more frequently in children who developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome than in those with the more favorable disease course (45.4% vs. 11.1%, respectively, OR=6.7; 95% CI: 0.6-73.1; p=0.16). Moreover, among the patients having multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome, we observed, more frequently individuals who possessed, at least 2 unfavorable genetic variants (p=0.022).Conclusion: Simultaneous assessment of nucleotide variations in 8 studied genes could help to define the group of children with high, risk of multiple organ dysfunction, syn-drome.Genotype TPA Del/Del, associated, with decreased, production, of this factor, might serve as a marker of unfavorable DIC course and possible predictor of multiple organ dysfunction. syndrome in children with generalized, meningpcoc-cal infections.Цель: изучить особенности аллельного полиморфизма ряда генов иммунной системы, и гемостаза у детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции и оценить возможность использования результатов генотипирования для прогнозирования тяжелого течения ДВС-синдрома и развития полиорганной недостаточности (ПОН).Материалы, и методы.: обследовано 20 детей в возрасте от. 8 месяцев до 17 лет. с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции, протекающими с синдромом. ПОН или/и тромбогеморрагическими нарушениями. Контрольную группу составили 200 доноров крови. В качестве материала исследования использована геномная ДНК, выделенная из лейкоцитов периферической крови. Выявление аллельных вариантов генов, ассоциированных с дисфункцией плазменного звена гемостаза (FI-A, FI-B, FXIII-A, PAI-1, ТРА) и повышенной продукцией ряда провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A), проводили с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции и последующего рестрикционного анализа. Частоты встречаемости аллелей и генотипов определялись прямым подсчетом. Межгрупповые различия в распределении аллелей и генотипов оценивались с помощью точного метода Фишера. Статистическая обработка проводилась с использованием программы GraphPadPrism, версия 4.0.Результаты: в группе детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции доля гетерозигот, по полиморфизму 174 G/C в гене IL-6 была в 1,5 раза выше, чем. в контроле (75,0% против 50,0% соответственно, OR=3,0; 95% CI: 1,1-8,6; p=0,037). Генотип ТРА Del/Del встречался в группе детей с ПОН в 4 раза чаще, чем у пациентов с относительно благоприятным течением заболевания (45,4% против 11,1% соответственно, OR=6,7; 95% CI: 0,6-73,1; p=0,16). Выявлено увеличение в группе детей с ПОН доли лиц, имеющих в генотипе два и более неблагоприятных варианта изученных генов (р=0,022).Заключение: комплексная оценка аллельного полиморфизма 8 генов плазменных факторов гемостаза и провоспалительных цитокинов позволяет, с высокой долей достоверности определить группу риска по развитию ПОН среди детей с генерализованными бактериальными инфекциями. Генотип ТРА Del/Del может, являться неблагоприятным, маркером, при данной патологии и быть ассоциированным, с высоким, риском, развития тяжелого ДВС-синдрома

Role of genotyping in prediction of disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure in children with generalized forms of meningococcal infection

Aim: To investigate the features of allelic polymorphism, of several immune- and hemostasis-related genes in children with generalized, meningococcal infections and. to assess the usefulness of genotyping for prediction, of severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and. multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome in these patients.Materials and methods: we studied. 20 children aged, from 8 months up to 17 years with generalized, meningococcal infections who developed DIC or/and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The control group consisted, of 200 blood, donors. Genomic DNA was isolated, from peripheral blood, leucocytes. Allelic variants of genes coding for plasma hemostatic factors (FI-A, FI-B, FXIII-A, PAI-1, ТРА) or pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A) were detected by PCR and. subsequent restriction, analysis. Allele and. genotype frequencies were calculated, by direct counting, and. their differences between the groups were assessed, by Fisher's exact test. For statistical analysis, the GraphPad. Prism, ver.4.0 software was used.Results: in the group of children with generalized, meningococcal infections, the frequency of heterozygotes for the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism, was 1.5-fold higher than in the controls (75.0% vs. 50.0%, respectively, OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.1-8.6; p=0.037). Genotype TPA Del/Del was detected 4-fold more frequently in children who developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome than in those with the more favorable disease course (45.4% vs. 11.1%, respectively, OR=6.7; 95% CI: 0.6-73.1; p=0.16). Moreover, among the patients having multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome, we observed, more frequently individuals who possessed, at least 2 unfavorable genetic variants (p=0.022).Conclusion: Simultaneous assessment of nucleotide variations in 8 studied genes could help to define the group of children with high, risk of multiple organ dysfunction, syn-drome.Genotype TPA Del/Del, associated, with decreased, production, of this factor, might serve as a marker of unfavorable DIC course and possible predictor of multiple organ dysfunction. syndrome in children with generalized, meningpcoc-cal infections