Populational fluctuation and spatial distribution of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae) in a poultry house, Cascavel, Parana state, Brazil.

Abstract Knowledge of the population fluctuation and spatial distribution of pests is fundamental for establishing an appropriate control method. The population fluctuation and spatial distribution of the Alphitobius diaperinus in a poultry house in Cascavel, in the state of Parana, Brazil, was studied between October, 2001 and October 2002. Larvae and adults of the lesser mealworm were sampled weekly using Arends tube traps (n = 22) for six consecutive flock grow-outs. The temperature of the litter and of the poultry house was measured at the same locations of the tube traps. Beetle numbers increased continuously throughout all the sampling dates (average 5,137 in the first week and 18,494 insects on the sixth week). Significantly greater numbers of larvae were collected than adults (1 to 20 times in 95% of the sampling points). There was no correlation between temperature and the number of larvae and adults collected, therefore no fluctuation was observed during the sampling period. The population growth was correlated to litter re-use. The highest temperatures were observed in deep litter. The spatial distribution of larvae and adults in the poultry house was heterogeneous during the whole period of evaluation. Results suggest that monitoring in poultry houses is necessary prior to adopting and evaluating control measures due to the great variability of the insect distribution in the poultry house. Keywords: lesser mealworm, poultry house, temperature, population dynamicbitstream/item/78871/1/ID-27879.pd

Honey sugars analysis by ion chromatography method with Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detection (IPAD)

Glucose and fructose are the most important monosaccharides in honey, these sugars combined in various forms comprise the di- and trisaccharide fractions of floral honey. Frutose/glucose ratio can influence the flavor of honey since fructose is sweeter than glucose. Honeys with higher fructose/glucose ratios remain liquid for longer periods. Several Chromatographic methods have been used to evaluate the sugar content of honey, although the Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detection (IPAD) only recently became to be used. In order to characterize the sugar content in honey from different botanical origins a Dionex ICS3000 ion chromatograph was used. Separation was performed in a column “CarboPacTM PA20 3x150mm”, with a precolumn “CarboPacTM PA20 3x30mm”. Electrochemical detector in Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detection (IPAD) mode was used. The elution was performed with a gradient with two NaOH solutions (10 and 200 mM). Standard solutions of glucose, fructose and sucrose, were used to identify and quantify the individual sugar components in the honey samples. The method showed a good separation between the compounds (resolution> 3.3 and more than 9000 theoretical plates). The response was linear in the range (0.05 to 1.00 mg/L for fructose and glucose and 0.01 to 0.20 mg/L for sucrose). The detection limits were 0.014 mg/L for glucose, 0.007 mg/L for fructose and 0.003 mg/L for sucrose. Twenty six monofloral honey samples from Erica, Citrus, Lavandula and Eucalyptus were tested. 5,000 g of each honey sample was diluted to 1 mg/L and filtered with a 0.45 m polypropylene filter prior to HPLC analysis. The results show that the fructose/glucose ratios are in accordance with the different honeys analyzed and the HPLC-IPAD is a good methodology to determine the sugar content in honey, with low solvent consumption and residues

Sistema de plantio e produtividade da mamoneira cultivada em área de sequeiro no município de Casa Nova-BA.

Objetivando avaliar o efeito do sistema de plantio sobre a produtividade da mamoneira, variedade BRS-149/Nordestina, sob condições de sequeiro, o presente experimento foi instalado em área da fazenda Santarém, município de Casa Nova-BA, (09o9'S e 40o58'W, 397m de altitude) com precipitação média anual de 500mm, concentrada no período de janeiro a março, temperatura média de 26oC e umidade relativa do ar em torno de 70%. O plantio da mamoneira foi feito no início do período chuvoso, seguindo as práticas adotadas pelo agricultor local. Foram plantados 0,5 hectare com mudas de 30 dias de idade, produzidas no viveiro da Embrapa Semi-Árido, e 0,5 hectare com sementes, sendo plantadas duas sementes por cova, deixando-se uma planta por cova após a germinação. Nas entrelinhas da mamona nos dois tipos de plantio foram plantadas quatro linhas de feijão-caupi, que foram colhidos aos 70 dias após o plantio. A mamoneira plantada diretamente no campo germinou entre 8 e 10 dias após o plantio. No plantio através de mudas, as plantas desenvolveram-se mais rápido e tiveram maiores e melhores condições de superar a falta de umidade no solo causada pelas estiagens ocorridas no período do que aquelas semeadas diretamente no campo. A produção de grãos de feijão-caupi nas duas áreas foi semelhante, aproximadamente 400kg/ha

Vírus detectados em germoplasma vegetal introduzido no Brasil pelo laboratório de quarentena (2004-2007).

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Psyllaephagus trioziphagus (Howard, 1885) (Hym.: Encyrtidae), novo parasitoide de Mastigimas anjosi Burckhardt et al., 2011 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Calophyidae).

Resumo

Enxertia de pinhão bravo com pinhão manso.

Com o objetivo de verificar a viabilidade de substituição da copa do pinhão bravo pela a do pinhão manso, foram selecionadas 20 plantas nativas, no Campo Experimental da Caatinga da Embrapa Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE, localizado entre as coordenadas de 9°09’S, 40°22’W, a uma altitude de 365,5 m