High-temperature superelasticity and shape memory effect in [0 1 1]B2-oriented single crystals of the (TiZrHf)50Ni25Cu15Co10 high-entropy alloy

Superelasticity (SE) and shape memory effect (SME) of [0 1 1]B2-oriented single crystals in B2-phase of the (TiZrHf)50Ni25Cu15Co10 high-entropy alloy (at.%), with B2-B19′ martensitic transformation, have been studied in the post-growth state under compression. It is shown that SE is observed within a wide temperature range of T = Ms = 404 K to 528 K. The maximum SE value is 4.4 %, and the SME reaches 4.3–4.7 %

Postdocs in Russia: Peculiarities of Employment and Incentives

The article presents the results of the author’s research aimed at identifying the peculiarities of employment of postdocs, a relatively new labor category for the Russian academic labor market. Due to several difficulties associated with forming a sample of postdocs (difficulty in identifying key persons responsible for the development of postdoctoral programs; direct, but not always justified, refusals to provide data, difficulties in identifying potential respondents due to their occupation of various scientific positions in Russian universities), the “snowball” method was used. As a result, the empirical basis of the study was formed based on the results of an online survey of 44 postdocs. As part of the study, tasks related to compiling a socio-economic portrait of a postdoc based on economic, socio-demographic characteristics and indicators of research efficiency, identifying the characteristics of the employment and placement experience of postdocs, objective factors and individual motives for making decisions in the field of choosing postdoctoral programs were solved, as well as diagnostics of tools and channels for young researchers to search for vacancies. The authors distinguish between types of academic mobility (educational and labor) and consider postdoctoral studies as a promising form of external labor academic mobility aimed at attracting and retaining high-potential young researchers planning a long-term career in the academic labor market.Shifting the emphasis from the inbreeding model of university development (internal labor mobility) to the model of external labor academic mobility of young specialists allows those universities that can effectively manage the flow of academic human capital to receive additional socio-economic preferences and return on investment. There are very few similar empirical studies that analyze the features of the development of postdoctoral institutions in Russia and abroad and are based on quantitative and qualitative data from surveys of direct participants in external labor academic mobility – postdocs, which determines the scientific novelty and practical value of the proposed results

CREEP OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE UNDER VARIOUS LOADING CONDITIONS

This article contains results of experimental research of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) deformation and creep under linear and plane stresses. During the tests predetermined values of real stresses considering current deformation were constant. The equation of mechanical states considering instant elastic, viscoelastic, instant plastic and viscoplastic components of total deformation was obtained. The equation is used for the description of PTFE deformations (F-4, F-4D, F-4D0) under stationary and non-stationary cyclic loads in flat stress condition with an application of material constant volume condition, condition of similarity of deviators of stresses and deformations and with the input of parameters which are functions of the form of stress deviators. The results of PTFE creep investigation under real stresses reaching ultimate values are relevant and unique

Dynamics of physical properties of soils and humus reserves in salted soils under desertification

The dynamics of the physical properties and reserves of humus in saline soils of an arid semi-desert zone is presented. The basis for the research was observational data for 2010-2022. in a typical hilly landscape of the Astrakhan region. A grid of 100 × 100 m was laid. Soil studies were carried out at the grid nodes along the sampling layers. We studied the change in physical properties (soil moisture; salt content according to the amount of dense residue; soil density; filtration coefficient; soil porosity; moisture reserve), humus reserves and salt state of saline soils under desertification. Comparative analysis showed that negative changes have taken place in the study area and it can be stated that the processes of soil degradation and desertification are intensively developing. It has been established that in the soil layer of 0–40 cm there was a significant reduction in soil moisture reserves against the background of an increase in maximum air and soil surface temperatures, as well as changes in the hydrological regime because of the embankment of the territory. Dehumification processes are observed. The most clearly negative trend was revealed for meadow solonchaks. The change in the hydrological regime of the territory because of embankment contributes to an increase in the areas of automorphic soils in the landscape and a reduction in the areas of meadow soils. An increase in the degree of salinity and compaction was recorded for automorphic zonal soils. The physical destruction of the Baer's hills exacerbates the processes of degradation and the development of desertification in such conditions

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ АУДИТА СЛУЧАЕВ СМЕРТНОСТИ ОТ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ) ЗА 2017-2018 ГГ.

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PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AT THE BACKGROUND OF PARATHYROID GLAND HYPERPLASIA. PECULIARITIES AND DIFFICULTIES OF DIAGNOSTICS

The article uses a clinical case of primary hyperparathyroidism in young patient with hyperplastic parathyroid gland localization in tissues of thyroid gland as an example to study the matters of cytological, histological, clinical and laboratory diagnostics of such pathology. It provides a literature reference on the difficulties of establishing a cytological and histological diagnoses, sets out the peculiarities of morphological pattern, discusses the tactical matters of primary hyperparathyroidism management, indications for surgical treatment and case follow-up of patients

Comprehensive approach in treatment of locally disseminated oropharyngeal cancer

The article contains information about current trends of treatment of the locally advanced oropharynx cancer. We analyzed the results of chemoradiation treatment, and surgery treatment of patients with rudimentary tumors after the chemoradiation therapy, taking into account the tumor margin, which gives capacity to perform an adequate operation with good oncological results

Study of the selective phenolic inhibitors of arginase 2 acute toxicity

We have previously shown that the isolated arginase 2 inhibitors have a pronounced endothelioprotective level. A strategy is proposed for the targeted search for isolated arginase 2 inhibitors among compounds of a phenolic nature. Received 3 compounds, isolated arginase inhibitors 2. As a result of the study, the acute toxicity of the compounds obtained was studie