Cooling of a Fermi quantum plasma

We propose an adiabatic magnetization process for cooling a Fermi electron gas to ultra-low temperatures as an alternative to the known adiabatic demagnetization mechanism. We show via a new adiabatic equation that at the constant density the increase of the magnetic field leads to the temperature decrease as T ~ 1/H2. This process is identified in our numerical calculations, in which we also recover the adiabatic demagnetization mechanism for certain range

The critical current of superconductors: an historical review

The most important practical characteristic of a superconductor is its critical current density. This article traces the history, both of the experimental discoveries and of the development of the theoretical ideas that have lead to the understanding of those factors that control critical current densities. These include Silsbee`s hypothesis, the Meissner effect, London, Ginsburg-Landau and Abrikosov theories, flux pinning and the critical state, and the control of texture in high temperature superconductors