Nuclear pores as versatile reference standards for quantitative superresolution microscopy

Quantitative fluorescence and superresolution microscopy are often limited by insufficient data quality or artifacts. In this context, it is essential to have biologically relevant control samples to benchmark and optimize the quality of microscopes, labels and imaging conditions. Here, we exploit the stereotypic arrangement of proteins in the nuclear pore complex as in situ reference structures to characterize the performance of a variety of microscopy modalities. We created four genome edited cell lines in which we endogenously labeled the nucleoporin Nup96 with mEGFP, SNAP-tag, HaloTag or the photoconvertible fluorescent protein mMaple. We demonstrate their use (1) as three-dimensional resolution standards for calibration and quality control, (2) to quantify absolute labeling efficiencies and (3) as precise reference standards for molecular counting. These cell lines will enable the broader community to assess the quality of their microscopes and labels, and to perform quantitative, absolute measurements

Fast Control Systems: Nonlinear Approach

International audienceThis chapter treats the problem of fast control design for nonlinear systems. First, we discusses the question: which nonlinear system can be called fast? Next, we develop some tools for analysis and design of such control systems. The method generalized homogeneity is mainly utilized for these purposes. Finally, we survey possible research directions of the fast control systems

On smooth power-alternative loops

The aim of this paper is to show that if at every point of some neighborhood of a smooth manifold with an affine connection the geodesic loop is power-alternative and left A-loop, then this loop is a Moufang loop. We give an example of the tangent algebra of such a loop

The Cayley graph and the growth of Steiner loops

summary:We study properties of Steiner loops which are of fundamental importance to develop a combinatorial theory of loops along the lines given by Combinatorial Group Theory. In a summary we describe our findings