10 research outputs found
The impact of changes in stakeholder salience on CSR activities in Russian energy firms: a contribution to the divergence / convergence debate
This empirical paper examines the drivers underpinning changes to socially-responsible behaviours in the Russian energy sector. Responding to recent requests to contextualise CSR research, we focus on the changing set of stakeholders and developments in their saliency as reflected in corporationsβ CSR activities. Based on interviews with more than thirty industry professionals, our findings suggest that Russian energy companiesβ CSR is strongly stakeholder driven, and organisations adapt their activities according to their dependence on the resources that these salient stakeholders possess.
We challenge the proposition that CSR in Russia arises from purely endogenous, historical, paternalism or neo-paternalism. We identify stakeholders that now shape CSR in the Russian energy sector, both endogenous (institutional and contextual forces relevant to the national business system) and exogenous (relating to the organisational field of the energy industry - international by nature). We thereby contribute to the convergence / divergence debate within CSR theory by demonstrating that both national business systems and the organisational field must be taken into account when analysing the forces that shape CSR strategies in any one country
Cooperation between Russian research organizations and industrial companies: factors and problems
The study is focused on the cooperation of Russian companies with research organizations in implementing R&D projects during technological innovation. Taking into account behavioral changes, authors carry out a micro-level analysis based on empirical data of executive survey of over 600 Russian industrial firms (2011β2012) and about 350 research organizations and universities (2012). The authors emphasize the key factors of firmsβ demand for outsourcing R&D reveal the main barriers to the development of university-industry cooperation and their particularities for different cooperation actors.
The analysis shows that there is a positive relation between the size of a company and R&D outsourcing. As for the factor of age, the highest cooperation activity of Russian firms is observed among enterprises founded over 20 years ago. As far as concernes cooperation activity of research organizations, large ones are significantly more likely to cooperate with business. A common prerequisite for research organizations' R&D cooperation with business is sufficient academic ranking.
Business and science evaluate differently various obstacles to effective cooperation. For firms, the main problems are the inflated costs of national R&Ds, insufficient research organizationsβ orientation at company needs, and low quality of developments. As for representatives of research organizations, they mention as barriers primarily the lack of companies' receptivity to innovation and inadequate information about promising developments. Businesses are more optimistic about cooperation with science if they already have a relevant experience of interaction. In the case of research organizations we observe a different pattern: most problems seem more significant to organizations conducting R&D in business interests
Partnering Universities and Companies in Russia: Effects of New Government Initiative
The paper presents the results of 2-year survey conducted in 2011-2012 among Russian universities and companies who jointly implement R&D projects aimed at development of high-tech manufacturing. The joint projects represent a new government instrument to stimulate the development of linkages between universities and companies by giving matching grants for R&D to companies with obligation to order R&D to a university-partner.
The objectives of the survey included analysis of motivation for cooperation both from side of universities and companies; primary effects and side-effects of such initiative; changes that may be introduced to the government regulations concerning matching grants.
Total 38 teams were surveyed. Our findings show that major motivations from side of universities were access to new practical research tasks from companies, selection of most competitive teams of researchers capable to work with companies, and strengthening reputation in business environment. Companies were interested in getting government funding in order to solve their technological problems; to strengthen, due cooperation with universities, their research capacity, and to use modern research infrastructure located at universities.
The analysis allowed identification of the major effects of the matching grants mechanism. They included: strengthening of university orientation towards solving practical tasks which are of interest to business; institutionalization of relations between universities and business in the sphere of innovation activity; broadening of research cooperation and the formation of research consortiums; harmonization of research and educational tasks in universities, and orientation of the parties towards continuing cooperation in the innovation sphere
Π‘ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ: ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
The article reflects results of empirical analysis of sport incentives for working adults in Russia. The study uses data from a small, but according to the authors, representative sample (2208 employees) of Russian adultsβ attitudes towards their health and quality of medical care in Russian Federation. The survey was initiated by the National Research University Higher School of Economics in 2017, before theΒ start ofΒ COVID-19 pandemic, which for a certain period disrupted the employeesβ measures promoting sports for their workers. However, the relevance of the study has been fully preserved. The authors not just give a snapshot of sport-promoting measures adopted by Russian enterprises, but also justify the methodology for statistical analysis of a healthy lifestyle policies provided by employers to their employees.The paper reports the main parameters and the content of the population survey used in the study; describes main sport participation indicators and itsβ determinants; presents estimates of factors attributed to sport participation among working adults. More specifically, the authors study the stimulating effect of two popular measures to encourage sport participation in Russian enterprises: providing access to sport infrastructure at the worksites and subsidies for practicing sport in sport centers.Using descriptive and econometric analyzes, the authors investigate the association between sport-encouraging measures and working adults sporting activity, estimate statistical significance of this relationship. In order to concretize and deepen the empirical analysis ofΒ sport participation among working adults, the authors adjust their analyses by adding such respondentsβ characteristics as gender, age, health status, smoking status, education, type of work and place of residency.The study shows that probability of sport participation is much higher for those who has access to sport infrastructure at their worksites (for both men and women). However, employersβ subsidies for sport activity outside working places is not associated with any increase in the probability of doing sports.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ (2208 ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²) ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΠΠ£ ΠΠ¨Π Π² 2017 Π³., ΡΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅Β ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ
, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ β ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ° ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ
.ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° Π² Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ», Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΈΠΏ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏ ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
The paper studies the impact of nutrition on the life expectancy (LE) of men, as well as women in Russian regions. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service. The panel data includes 1694 observations (77 regions of the Russian Federation in 2000β2021). The authors suggest a summary indicator of regional nutrition patterns based on the nutrition norms developed for 10 food groups by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study was run using fixed effect models while controlling for indicators of the socio-economic development of regions.Econometric analysis shows that LE of men and LE of women increases with the decrease in the number of deviations from the regional nutrition norms. Alcohol consumption also reduces the LE of men and women, but the effect on men's life expectancy is more pronounced. As expected, the regional GRP per capita increases life expectancy, while inequality in income distribution leads to the LE decrease. The most important factor that positively affects LE of men, as well as LE of women is the proportion of urban citizens. In addition, LE is also affected by regional healthcare design: the number of doctors per 1000 people increases the LE of women; the number of hospital beds per 10 thousand people is associated with both the LE of men and LE of women. COVID-19 significantly contributed to the decrease in LE of men and especially of women. Its negative impact was already noticeable in 2020 but became particularly pronounced in 2021.The study draws attention to a significant regional variation in the LE of men and LE of women related, among other things, to deviations from the food consumption patterns. The findings may be of interest to regional authorities responsible for developing healthy nutrition policies in Russian regions and increasing the LE of men and women.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ (ΠΠΠ) ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ 1694 Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (77 ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² 2000β2021 Π³Π³.). ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠΈΠ½Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ 10 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ².Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ Π, ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π° ΠΠΠ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° 1000 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΠΠ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½) ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° 10 000 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½). Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ COVID-19. ΠΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π² 2020 Π³., Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² 2021 Π³.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½