7,522 research outputs found
A State’s Gendered Response to Political Instability: Gendering Labor Policy in Semi-Authoritarian El Salvador (1944-1972)
Unlike much of the gender and welfare literature, this study examines why a regime that constrains pressure from below would adopt gendered social policies. The Salvadoran case (1944-1972) suggests that political instability rather than societal pressures may prompt semi-authoritarian regimes to adopt gendered labor reforms. We extend the motivations for adopting gendered labor reforms to include co-opting labor by examining gendered labor reforms in the context of El Salvador’s historically contingent labor strategy. This gendered analysis helps explain how a semi-authoritarian regime secured political stability and reveals the special appeal gendered labor reforms may have to semi-authoritarian regimes
Method for fiberizing ceramic materials Patent
Process for fiberizing ceramic materials with high fusion temperatures and tensile strengt
Higher Spin Superfield interactions with the Chiral Supermultiplet: Conserved Supercurrents and Cubic Vertices
We investigate cubic interactions between a chiral superfield and higher spin
superfield corresponding to irreducible representations of the super-Poincar\'{e} algebra. We do this by demanding an
invariance under the most general transformation, linear in the chiral
superfield. Following Noether's method we construct an infinite tower of higher
spin supercurrent multiplets which are quadratic in the chiral superfield and
include higher derivatives. The results are that a single, massless, chiral
superfield can couple only to the half-integer spin supermultiplets
and for every value of spin there is an appropriate improvement
term that reduces the supercurrent multiplet to a minimal multiplet which
matches that of superconformal higher spins. On the other hand a single,
massive, chiral superfield can couple only to higher spin supermultiplets of
type and there is no minimal
multiplet. Furthermore, for the massless case we discuss the component level
higher spin currents and provide explicit expressions for the integer and
half-integer spin conserved currents together with a R-symmetry current
D=(2+1) O(N) Wess-Zumino model in a large N limit
Using the superfield formalism, the effective Kahlerian superpotential of the
massless \cal{N}=1 O(N) Wess-Zumino model is computed in the limit of large N,
in three spacetime dimensions. The effective Kahlerian superpotential is
evaluated at the subleading order in the 1/N expansion, which involves diagrams
up to two-loop order, for a small coupling constant. We show that the O(N)
symmetry of the model is preserved in this approximation and that no mass is
dynamically generated in the supersymmetric phase. We discuss why spontaneous
O(N) symmetry breaking cannot be induced by radiative corrections in such
model.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
New massive supergravity multiplets
We present new off-shell formulations for the massive superspin-3/2
multiplet. In the massless limit, they reduce respectively to the old minimal
(n=-1/3) and non-minimal () linearized formulations for 4D N=1
supergravity. Duality transformations, which relate the models constructed, are
derived.Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX; v2: minor changes, references adde
Dynamical breaking of gauge symmetry in supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics in three-dimensional spacetime
The dynamical breaking of gauge symmetry in the supersymmetric quantum
electrodynamics in three-dimensional spacetime is studied at two-loop
approximation. At this level, the effective superpotential is evaluated in a
supersymmetric phase. At one-loop order, we observe a generation of the
Chern-Simons term due to a parity violating term present in the classical
action. At two-loop order, the scalar background superfield acquires a
nonvanishing vacuum expectation value, generating a mass term
through Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. It is observed that
the mass of gauge superfield is predominantly an effect of the topological
Chern-Simons term.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, PRD versio
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