Restraint ulcers in the rat. 1: Influence on ulcer frequency of fasting and of environmental temperature associated with immobilization of varying durations

The results of the production of experimental ulcers in rats are described. Two experimental conditions were found to regularly provoke the appearance of gastric ulcers in a high percentage of rats: (1) two-and-a-half hour restraint, proceeded by a 24 hour fast; and (2) one-and-a-half hour restraint with lowering of the environmental temperature while fasting

Influence of ambient temperatures on the production of restraint ulcers in the rat

A study of the influence of ambient temperature on the production of restraint ulcers in the rat is described. It concludes that the production of restrain ulcers, is favored by the reduction of the environmental temperature, whether the rat has been subjected to a fast or not

Metabolism and activity of zoxazolamine in white rats during forced immobilization with and without hyperthermia

The influence of restraint of rats held either at normal body temperature or at lowered body temperature as related to the effects of the muscle relaxant zoxazolamine was studied. The techniques used and experimental results obtained are presented

Reduction of the duration of restraint for the production of experimental ulcers in rats: Application to the study of protective substances

An experiment is described which was designed to cause ulcers in rats, but requiring less restraint time than previously used procedures. The method and results are presented

Scalar Collapse in AdS

Recently, studies of the gravitational collapse of a scalar field within spherically symmetric AdS spacetimes was presented in \cite{Bizon:2011gg,Jalmuzna:2011qw} which showed an instability of pure AdS to black hole formation. In particular, the work showed that arbitrarily small initial configurations of scalar field evolved through some number of reflections off the AdS boundary until a black hole forms. We consider this same system, extended to include a complex scalar field, and reproduce this phenomena. We present tests of our numerical code that demonstrate convergence and consistency. We study the properties of the evolution as the scalar pulse becomes more compact examining the asymptotic behavior of the scalar field, an observable in the corresponding boundary CFT. We demonstrate that such BH formation occurs even when one places a reflecting boundary at finite radius indicating that the sharpening is a property of gravity in a bounded domain, not of AdS itself. We examine how the initial energy is transferred to higher frequencies --which leads to black hole formation-- and uncover interesting features of this transfer.Comment: 34 pages, 11 figures; Revised to be more consistent with published version: updated references, an added paragraph, and a subsection remove

Treatment of Georeferencing in Knowledge Organization Systems: North American Contributions to Integrated Georeferencing

Recent research projects in North America that have advanced the integration of formal mathematical georeferencing and informal placename georeferencing in knowledge organization systems are described and related to visualization applications

The Fate of the Sound and Diffusion in Holographic Magnetic Field

It was shown in arXiv:0810.4094 [hep-th] that in the presence of the magnetic field the sound waves in (2+1) dimensional plasma disappear and are replaces by a diffusive mode. Similarly, the shear and charge diffusion fluctuations form a subdiffusive mode. However, since the limit of small magnetic field does not commute with the hydrodynamic limit it is not obvious whether or not these modes are stable under higher order corrections. Using AdS/CFT correspondence we show that in the case of M2-brane plasma these modes do exist as we find the corresponding supergravity solutions. This allowed us to compute the conductivity and the shear viscosity to all orders in magnetic field. We find that the viscosity to entropy ratio saturates the Kovtun-Son-Starinets bound. This extends the universality property of the shear viscosity to the case of the strongly coupled plasma in external magnetic field.Comment: 23 pages; minor corrections, references adde

Comments on supergravity dual of pure N=1 Super Yang Mills theory with unbroken chiral symmetry

Maldacena and Nunez [hep-th/0008001] identified a gravity solution describing pure N=1 Yang-Mills (YM) in the IR. Their (smooth) supergravity solution exhibits confinement and the U(1)_R chiral symmetry breaking of the dual YM theory, while the singular solution corresponds to the gauge theory phase with unbroken U(1)_R chiral symmetry. In this paper we discuss supersymmetric type IIB compactifications on resolved conifolds with torsion. We rederive singular background of [hep-th/0008001] directly from the supersymmetry conditions. This solution is the relevant starting point to study non-BPS backgrounds dual to the high temperature phase of pure YM. We construct the simplest black hole solution in this background. We argue that it has a regular Schwarzschild horizon and provides a resolution of the IR singularity of the chirally symmetric extremal solution as suggested in [hep-th/0011146].Comment: 34 pages, LaTeX, v2: references added, v3: section 2 reduced, minor clarifications, to be published in PR