Performance of a new pyrazole derivative in 1 M HCl on the corrosion of carbon steel: experimental, quantum chemical and molecular dynamics simulation studies

The present research demonstrates an innovative investigation of a new pyrazol derivative (2-benzoyl-4-nitro-N-[(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]aniline (BNPMA)) as an inhibitor of carbon steel corrosion in molar hydrochloric acid. A variety of methods and techniques were used in our research to assess corrosion inhibition, including weight loss measurements (WL), electrochemical trials like potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface analysis methods such a scanning electron microscope coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), UV-Visible analysis, as well as computational evaluation of BNPMA. The organic compound was confirmed to be a good anticorrosive product with a maximal inhibition efficiency (IE%) of 93.2% at 10−3 M. According to the PDP results, the inhibitor BNPMA acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. The Langmuir model seems to be followed during BNPMA's adsorption on the CS surface. According to UV-visible and scanning electron microscopy, a barrier coating was formed which prevented corrosive ions from reaching the CS surface. The outcomes of experimental approaches (WL, PDP, and EIS) have been supported by theoretical investigations.</p

In vitro colonization of date palm plants by Rhizophagus irregularis during the rooting stage

The use of in vitro culture of date palm plants Phoenix dactylifera, associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is a novel approach for the production of bio-fortified plants that are free of pathogens. Here, we report, for the first time, the in vitro mycorrhization of in vitro date palm plants using the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833. Date Plants were used in an in vitro cultured system that consisted of a root compartment (RC) containing germinated seeds of Barrel Clover, Medicago truncatula, and spores of Rhizophagus irregularis as a mycorrhizal donor, and a hyphal compartment (HC) with a barrier separating the RC from the HC. In vitro cultured date palm plants, at the two-leaf stage, were placed in the HC section of the culture plate that after 6 weeks contained an active growing extraradical mycelium network of the fungus. Roots of the date palm became colonized after 10 weeks and hyphae, vesicles, spores and arbuscules, were detected. No differences were noticed in above-ground parameters between mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized plants, in which there was no fungus in the HC. However, the total root length was significantly higher and secondary and tertiary roots were significantly more numerous, in the mycorrhized plants. It is hypothesized that these differences are related to stimulating molecules released by the profuse extraradical mycelium of the fungus growing in close contact with the palm root system. Root colonization percentages were of the same order as those reported in pots cultures of the date palm plants. This work opens the door for the large-scale in vitro mycorrhization of date palm plants, potentially better adapted to acclimatization phase and possibly to the field