19,630 research outputs found
Features of Fast Neutrons in Dark Matter Searches
Diffractive scattering of "fast" or "high energy" neutrons, can give low
energy nuclear recoils in the signal region for dark matter searches. We
present a discussion using the 'black disc' model. This permits a simple and
general, although approximate, description of this possible background. We note
a number of its features. In particular there are mass number A dependent
aspects which can be studied in setups where events on different nuclei are
observable at the same time. These include the recoil energy distributions, and
the A behavior of the cross section. We define a parameter which
characterizes the recoil energy to be expected due to fast neutrons. It ranges
from 100 keV on light nuclei to a few keV on heavy nuclei, and a general
treatment is possible in terms of it, within the 'black disc' approximation. In
addition, the presence of inelastic processes would be characteristic of fast
neutrons.Comment: new version with numerous small corrections and clarifications.
Improved figures and references. No essential changes in conten
Positive Feedback Keeps Duration of Mitosis Temporally Insulated from Upstream Cell-Cycle Events
Cell division is characterized by a sequence of events by which a cell gives rise to two daughter cells. Quantitative measurements of cell-cycle dynamics in single cells showed that despite variability in G1-, S-, and G2 phases, duration of mitosis is short and remarkably constant. Surprisingly, there is no correlation between cell-cycle length and mitotic duration, suggesting that mitosis is temporally insulated from variability in earlier cell-cycle phases. By combining live cell imaging and computational modeling, we showed that positive feedback is the molecular mechanism underlying the temporal insulation of mitosis. Perturbing positive feedback gave rise to a sluggish, variable entry and progression through mitosis and uncoupled duration of mitosis from variability in cell cycle length. We show that positive feedback is important to keep mitosis short, constant, and temporally insulated and anticipate it might be a commonly used regulatory strategy to create modularity in other biological systems
Single spin-torque vortex oscillator using combined bottom-up approach and e-beam lithography
A combined bottom-up assembly of electrodeposited nanowires and electron beam
lithography technique has been developed to investigate the spin transfer
torque and microwave emission on specially designed nanowires containing a
single Co/Cu/Co pseudo spin valve. Microwave signals have been obtained even at
zero magnetic field. Interestingly, high frequency vs. magnetic field
tunability was demonstrated, in the range 0.4 - 2 MHz/Oe, depending on the
orientation of the applied magnetic field relative to the magnetic layers of
the pseudo spin valve. The frequency values and the emitted signal frequency as
a function of the external magnetic field are in good quantitative agreement
with the analytical vortex model as well as with micromagnetic simulations.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
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