Synanthropic triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): infestation, colonization, and natural infection by trypanosomatids in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2020-02-13T13:17:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Synanthropic triatomines.pdf: 6229040 bytes, checksum: 096aef527badb546c4ba59c6d1a4f09c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2020-02-13T13:23:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Synanthropic triatomines.pdf: 6229040 bytes, checksum: 096aef527badb546c4ba59c6d1a4f09c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-13T13:23:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Synanthropic triatomines.pdf: 6229040 bytes, checksum: 096aef527badb546c4ba59c6d1a4f09c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Natal, RN, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Grupo de Pesquisas em Triatomíneos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Grupo de Pesquisas em Triatomíneos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Secretaria de Estado da Saúde Pública. Natal, RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Natal, RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Natal, RN, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.INTRODUCTION: The ecoepidemiological situation in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil is characterized by frequent invasion and colonization of domiciliary units (DUs) by several triatomine species, with high rates of natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. METHODS: We evaluated the possibility of vector transmission of T. cruzi based on records of the occurrence of domiciled triatomines collected by the Secretariat of State for Public Health from 2005 to 2015. During this period, 67.7% (113/167) of municipalities conducted at least one active search and 110 recorded the presence of insects in DUs. These activities were more frequent in municipalities considered to have a high and medium-level risk of T. cruzi transmission. RESULTS: Of 51,569 captured triatomines, the most common species were Triatoma brasiliensis (47.2%) and T. pseudomaculata (40.2%). Colonies of T. brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, T. petrocchiae, Panstrongylus lutzi, and Rhodnius nasutus were also recorded in the intradomicile and peridomicile. Natural infection by trypanosomatids was detected in 1,153 specimens; the highest rate was found in R. nasutus (3.5%), followed by T. brasiliensis (2.5%) and T. pseudomaculata (2.4%). There have been high levels of colonization over the years; however, not all infested DUs have been sprayed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of intradomicile and peridomicile colonization by P. lutzi. These results demonstrate the risk of new cases of infection by T. cruzi and reinforce the need for continuous entomological surveillance in the State of Rio Grande do Norte

Investigação de surto de doença de Chagas aguda na região extra-amazônica, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, 2016

Resumo: O objetivo do artigo foi confirmar e descrever um surto da doença de Chagas aguda por transmissão oral na mesorregião Oeste Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo série de casos, tendo como fonte de dados os registros de atendimentos médicos e entrevistas com os casos suspeitos entre 16 de setembro e 19 de novembro de 2015. Realizou-se pesquisa entomológica nas prováveis localidades de infecção dos casos de doença de Chagas aguda. Foram confirmados 18 casos de doença de Chagas aguda em residentes de quatro municípios do Rio Grande do Norte. Os sinais e sintomas mais relatados foram febre e fraqueza (n = 18), seguidos de mialgia (n = 17), prostração, inapetência e edema de membros inferiores (n = 15). A mediana de duração da febre foi de 20 dias (intervalo: 6 a 45 dias). Quinze casos foram confirmados por critério laboratorial e três por vínculo epidemiológico com clínica compatível. Todos os casos confirmados relataram ter consumido caldo de cana da mesma procedência. Foram capturados 110 triatomíneos na fazenda onde ocorreu a moagem da cana consumida. Os insetos estavam no peridomicílio, em amontoados de lenha e próximos ao engenho. A maioria dos exemplares capturados era da espécie Triatoma brasiliensis, e apresentou um índice de infecção natural de 63%. Foi confirmado surto da doença de Chagas de transmissão oral por ingestão de caldo de cana contaminado por triatomíneo infectado, evidenciado pelo vínculo epidemiológico entre os casos investigados e a pesquisa entomológica no local provável de infecção

Triatomine and Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units distribution in a semi-arid area of northeastern Brazil

Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Parasitic Biology. Natal, RN, Brazil.Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Natal, RN, Brazil.Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Pharmacy Undergraduate Course. Natal, RN, Brazil.State Secretariat of Public Health of Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. René Rachou Institute. Triatomine Research Group. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. René Rachou Institute. Triatomine Research Group. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Geoprocessamento. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Natal, RN, Brazil / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Health Sciences. Natal, RN, Brazil.Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Parasitic Biology. Natal, RN, Brazil / Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Natal, RN, Brazil.The occurrence of triatomine species, their bloodmeal sources and the discrete typing units (DTUs) of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from them were determined in different municipalities of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Triatomine captures were carried out in the rural areas of 23 municipalities. The genotyping of T. cruzi isolates was performed using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (coii) gene, the D7 region of the 24Sα rDNA, and the spliced leader intergenic region (SL-IR). Five triatomine species were captured, and the most frequent was Triatoma brasiliensis (84.3%; 916/1086), which was found in 16 of the 23 municipalities surveyed, and infested all types of environment investigated. The TcI DTU was found in all mesoregions surveyed in 51.5% (17/33) of the culture-positive samples. In contrast, TcII (9.1%; 3/33) was detected in the Central mesoregion, while TcIII (27.3%; 9/33) was found in all mesoregions. The geographic distribution and spatial overlap of different DTUs was inferred using the superposition of the radius of occurrence of isolates and using ecological niche distribution modelling. Triatoma brasiliensis was found infected in all mesoregions and with all three T. cruzi DTUs, including mixed infections. With regard to bloodmeal sources, the DNA of rodents was found in triatomines infected with either TcI or TcIII, while that of domestic animals and humans was associated with both single and mixed infections. Our findings demonstrate that different DTUs of T. cruzi are widely dispersed among triatomines in our study area. The association of T. brasiliensis with several different mammalian hosts, as well as overlapping areas with different DTUs, suggests that this triatomine species may have an important role as a vector in both anthropic and sylvatic environments

Temporal assessment of entomological surveillance of Trypanosoma cruzi vectors in an endemic area of northeastern Brazil.

Entomological surveillance is essential for the control of triatomines and the prevention of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in humans and domestic animals. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate entomological indicators and triatomine control during the period from 2005 to 2015 in an endemic area in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. This observational and retrospective study was developed based on data analysis related to active entomological surveillance activities and chemical control of infested housing units (HU) in the Agreste mesoregion of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in the period between 2005 to 2015. The quantitative analysis of housing units surveyed for entomological indicators was performed by linear regression of random effects (p < 0.05). The effect of the number of HU surveyed on the entomological indicators was analyzed by fitting a linear random effects regression model and an increasing intradomiciliary colonization rate was significant. In the period evaluated 92,156 housing units were investigated and the presence of triatomines was reported in 4,639 (5.0%). A total of 4,653 specimens of triatomines were captured and the species recorded were Triatoma pseudomaculata (n = 1,775), Triatoma brasiliensis (n = 1,569), Rhodnius nasutus (n = 741) and Panstrongylus lutzi (n = 568), with an index of natural infection by T. cruzi of 2.2%. Only 53.1% of the infested HU were subjected to chemical control. Moreover, there was a decrease in the total number of HU surveyed over time associated with an increase in the index of intradomiciliary colonization (p = 0.004). These data demonstrated that entomological surveillance and control of vectors in the Agreste mesoregion of the state has been discontinued, emphasizing the need for more effective public policies to effectively control the vectors, in order to avoid the exposure of humans and domestic animals to the risk of T. cruzi infection