Interventions to treat obesity in Mexican children and adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Prevalence of overweight and obesity has been rising in the past 3 decades among Mexican children and adolescents. Objective: To systematically review experimental studies evaluating interventions to treat obesity in Mexican children and adolescents (≤18 years old). Data Sources: For this study, 13 databases and 1 search engine were searched. Data Analysis: A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 2302 participants (age range, 8–16 years) from 11 states in Mexico were included. Most of the studies (n = 17 of 29) were provided in a clinical setting. A random-effect meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials was conducted and a significant effect was found on body mass index reduction that favored the intervention group (−1.52; 95%CI, −2.15 to −0.89) for short-term (≤6 mo) interventions. Conclusions: A multicomponent, multidisciplinary, and individualized intervention that includes dietary modifications, physical activity practice, behavioral strategies, and active parental involvement might help treat childhood obesity in Mexico. However, long-term results need to be produced to identify effectiveness pointers that might help establish an integrated, long-lasting care model to treat obesity

Interventions to Prevent Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents : Systematic Review

Funding: No funding was received to do this work MA-M is currently funded by the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Obesity and its association with mental health among Mexican children and adolescents: systematic review.

Context: Obesity and mental health issues increasingly affect children and adolescents, but whether obesity is a risk factor for mental health issues is unclear. Objective: To systematically review the association between obesity and mental health issues (ie, anxiety and/or depression) among Mexican children and adolescents. Data sourcing, extraction, and synthesis: A literature search of 13 databases and 1 search engine was conducted. Population, exposure, comparison, outcomes, and study design data were extracted, analyzed, and narratively synthesized. The JBI critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate evidence quality. Results: A total of 16 studies with 12,103 participants between 8 and 18 years old were included. Four studies focused on anxiety outcomes, 10 on depression, and 2 on both (ie, anxiety and depression). Evidence is unclear about the association of obesity with anxiety. However, most evidence shows that Mexican children and adolescents with overweight or obesity are more likely to have depression or report a higher number of depressive symptoms than normal-weight participants. Such likelihood is greater for females. Conclusion: Health promotion interventions to treat or prevent obesity could also consider mental health outcomes. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019154132

Cultural factors related to childhood and adolescent obesity in Mexico: a systematic review of qualitative studies.

Culture and culturally specific beliefs or practices may influence perceptions and decisions, potentially contributing to childhood obesity. The objective of this study is to identify the cultural factors (expressed through decisions, behaviors, individual experiences, perceptions, attitudes, or views) related to childhood and adolescent obesity in Mexico. Ten databases and one search engine were searched from 1995 onwards for qualitative studies. The Sunrise Enabler Model, described within the Cultural Care Theory, guided this review. Sample, the phenomenon of interest, study design, and evaluation data were extracted, and the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Twenty-four studies were included. Of these, 12 studies included children or adolescents, 12 included parents, eight included schoolteachers, four included school staff (other than teachers), four included food vendors, and one included policymakers. Cultural values, beliefs, lifeways (especially food and food costumes), kinship, and social factors (particularly immediate and extended family) strongly influenced childhood and adolescent obesity-related lifestyles in Mexico. Most cultural factors related to childhood obesity in Mexico identified in this review may be modifiable and amenable to practical interventions

Obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents:systematic review and meta-analysis

Context: A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported. Objective: To investigate the association between overweight/obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents. Data Sources: A literature search was conducted of 13 databases and 1 search engine for articles published from 1995 onward. Data Analysis: A total of 18 publications were included. Evidence was inconclusive and varied according to sociodemographic factors or outcome measuring tools. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth and Filled Teeth Surfaces indices and the decayed extracted filled teeth index outcomes were included in a random effects model meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed no statistically significant oral health differences (measured via the decayed extracted filled teeth or the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Surfaces indexes) among body mass index (BMI) categories. However, pooled estimates of 6 studies showed that children with higher BMI had worse oral health in permanent teeth (measured via the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index) than children with lower BMI (overall mean difference, –0.42; 95%CI, –0.74, –0.11). Conclusion: Whether there is an association between poor oral health and high BMI is inconclusive; however, both co-exist among Mexican children. Therefore, health promotion and prevention efforts should address common risk factors and broader risk social determinants shared between noncommunicable diseases

Maras y pandilla en Centroamérica. Pandillas y capital social. Volumen II

La presente publicación constituye el segundo tomo de la serie Maras y pandillas en Centroamérica, y representa el producto final de la segunda fase del proyecto de investigación regional del mismo nombre, financiado por la Misión de la Iglesia Sueca (SKM) y ejecutado por las universidades y los centros de investigación jesuitas en los países de Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras y Nicaragua. Las instituciones participantes son: el Equipo de Reflexión, Investigación y Comunicación (ERIC), en Honduras; el Instituto de Encuestas y Sondeos de Opinión (IDESO), en Nicaragua; el Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales (IDIES), en Guatemala; y el Instituto Universitario de Opinión Pública (IUDOP), en El Salvador. Las investigaciones que se presentan en estas páginas se concentraron en estudiar las variables del entorno social, conocidas como capital social, entendiendo que éstas constituyen un grupo de factores importantes que determinan, entre otras cosas, la presencia y el desarrollo del fenómeno de las pandillas en las ciudades y comunidades de Centroamérica. Para cumplir con ese propósito, el estudio se enmarcó dentro de una metodología basada en encuestas de opinión pública, aplicadas a personas que habitan en distintas comunidades de las ciudades centroamericanas, al tiempo que se adoptó un encuadre analítico eminentemente cuantitativo para interpretar los hallazgos, el cual fue desarrollado por los diferentes equipos de investigación participantes. Este volumen forma parte de una trilogía de reportes de investigación que fue iniciada con la publicación del libro Maras y pandillas en Centroamérica, Volumen I, el cual estuvo a cargo de UCA Publicaciones de la Universidad Centroamericana de Nicaragua, en 2001. Ese tomo recogió los hallazgos de la primera fase de la investigación. El tercero y último libro se publicará posteriormente al lanzamiento de este volumen. En dicho tomo se presentarán los hallazgos de la tercera fase de la investigación regional, la cual se concentra en estudiar las iniciativas privadas y las políticas públicas desarrolladas en la región para enfrentar el problema de las maras en Centroamérica. ERIC - IDESO - IDIES - IUDOP MAYO DE 200

Interventions to Treat Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents : Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Funding. No funding was received to do this work. M.A.-M. is currently funded by the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Tecnispice S.A. de C.V.

Trabajo final (Contador Público y Licenciado en Relaciones Comerciales), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESCA, Unidad Santo Tomás, 2018, 1 archivo PDF, (193 hojas). tesis.ipn.m

El impacto de la reexpresión de los estados financieros básicos en la industria farmacéutica

Seminario: la reexpresión de los estados financieros y su consolidació