The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

Efecto de Diferentes Niveles de Humedad en el Suelo Sobre el Desarrollo del Carb\uf3n de la Papa (Angiosorus solani) en dos Variedades de Papa (Solanum Tuberosum) Bajo Condiciones de Invernadero

The aim of the research was to evaluate under greenhouse conditions, the effect of two different levels of soil humidity (20-25% and 50-55%) on the development of Angiosorus solani artificially inoculated in the soil. The two potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties, Mirka and Cardinal, were considered as resistant and susceptible to the diseasem, respectively. Water in the soil was adjusted periodically to maintain the soil humidity levels constant during the research. A completely randomized experimental design with five replications and one plant per replication was used. Emergence, days between emergence and harvest, disease symptoms, weight and number of tubers at harvest were evaluated. Results were submitted to variance analysis and Fisher's mean difference test. Results indicated that there were no significant differences (P 64 0.05) between treatments for emergence; on average tubers emerged at 12 days after planting. The period from emergence to harvest showed significant differences (P \ua3 0.05) between humidity levels with the longer period for the higher humidity level (50-55%). The disease was present only in treatments inoculated with A. solani and mainly in the Cardinal variety. Only one Mirka plant developed disease symptoms. It was not observed effect of soil humidity on the development of the disease.El experimento tuvo como objetivo estudiar bajo condiciones de invernadero, el efecto de dos niveles de humedad en el suelo (20-25% y 50-55%), en el desarrollo del hongo Angiosorus solani inoculado artificialmente al suelo, donde se plantaron dos variedades de papa (Solanum tuberosum) Mirka y Cardinal, consideradas como resistente y susceptible a la enfermedad, respectivamente. Los porcentajes de humedad en el suelo se mantuvieron durante todo el per\uedodo que dur\uf3 el ensayo y la reposici\uf3n de agua se realiz\uf3 peri\uf3dicamente en base a diferencias de peso. Se utiliz\uf3 un dise\uf1o experimental completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones y una planta por repetici\uf3n. Las variables medidas fueron emergencia, d\uedas de emergencia a cosecha, presencia de la enfermedad, peso y n\ufamero de tub\ue9rculos a cosecha. Los resultados obtenidos fueron sometidos a an\ue1lisis de la varianza y prueba de diferencia m\uednima de Fisher. Los resultados indicaron que no hubo diferencias (P 64 0,05) entre tratamientos para la variable emergencia, con un promedio general para el ensayo de 12 d\uedas. El per\uedodo de emergencia a cosecha present\uf3 diferencias (P 64 0,05) entre los niveles de humedad, con un mayor per\uedodo para el nivel m\ue1s alto (50-55%). La enfermedad se present\uf3 s\uf3lo en los tratamientos inoculados con el hongo A. solani, principalmente en la variedad Cardinal; s\uf3lo en una planta de Mirka se desarrollaron tumores de carb\uf3n. No se observ\uf3 efecto de los niveles de humedad en el suelo sobre el desarrollo del hongo

Karu-INIA, nuevo cultivar de papa para Chile

Karu-INIA is a new potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar, created from a cross between the cultivars Yagana-INIA x Fanfare by the Potato Breeding Program of the National Agricultural Research Institue (INIA), at the Remehue Regional Research Center, Osorno, Chile, in 1989. It is a semi-erect plant, with vigorous growth, a medium to large size, long oval-shaped tuber, red skin and clear yellow flesh. It is a high yielding cultivar and adapts well to the majority of the potato production areas and crop seasons in Chile. It is preferred for fresh consumption, although it has fairly good frying quality, similar to Yagana-INIA.Karu-INIA es un nuevo cultivar de papa ( Solanum tuberosum L.) creado a partir del cruzamiento Yagana-INIA x Fanfare, por el Programa de Mejoramiento Gen\ue9tico de la Papa del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), en el Centro Regional de Investigaci\uf3n Remehue, Osorno, el a\uf1o 1989. Es una planta semi erecta, de buen vigor, con tub\ue9rculos de tama\uf1o medio a grande, uniformes, de forma oval alargada, piel roja y pulpa amarilla clara. Posee altos rendimientos y se adapta bien a la mayor\ueda de las zonas y \ue9pocas de cultivo de la papa en Chile. Su uso preferente es para consumo fresco, aunque produce una fritura de calidad altamente aceptable, similar a Yagana-INIA