Seafood labelling at National level: strength and weaknesses of the new official Bulgarian list of seafood trade names. 17th Online International Scientific Conference "Traditions and modernity in the veterinary medicine"

The EU seafood labelling system Reg.EU No. 1379/2013 imposes a products’ codified trade name consisting of a commercial designation (CD) and the associated scientific name (SN) and delegates Member States to the draw up and update official lists of trade names accepted in their territory. The first Bulgarian official list (Ordinance No. 4 of 13.01.2006) has been recently abrogated and a new list (Ordinance No. 13 30.11.2021) is currently in force. In the study the correctness and compliance of the new list against the Bulgarian market's trend are presented. The SNs records validity was checked against FAO's reference official information systems. The list's evolution was assessed through a comparison with the repealed list and data available on the National market (Tinacci et al 2018-2020). List description: 81 records are identifiable against the 61 included in the original list with an apparent total increase in the number of species considered, although still below the number of species listed by other EU Member States. Fish category contributes for 86.4% (N=70). A relevant percentage of records (9.9%) still appear obsolete and not valid. List’s compliance to market demand: the analysis highlights the will of the national Legislator to enhance local caught and cultured species largely represented by freshwater species. Nevertheless, the list revision led to the disappearance of 30 SN mainly belonging to imported marine fish species extensively demanded and available at retail. Major issues related to the SN validity and the non-adherence to the market demand highlight the need of a second urgent list revision by merging the two lists produced so far, and including an additional number of species already widely spread and consumed

The Bulgarian official seafood list: an urgent need of updating

Food labeling is the elective tool for products traceability, identity verification and information for the final consumer. Given the complexity of commercial exchanges within the International and European seafood market, the European legislator has imposed a specific seafood traceability and labelling system currently described pursuant to (EU) Reg. No. 1379/2013. For seafood identification at purchase, the Regulation establishes the obligation to provide the consumer with the commercial and scientific name of the product and to this, each Member States shall draw up and publish a list of the commercial designations (CD) and scientific names (SN) accepted in their territory. The current Official Bulgarian list, not yet updated since its first publication in 2006, it has already been confirmed as not responding to the actual variety of fish species sold on the national territory (Tinacci et al., 2018). Thus, a nationwidemarket survey has been conducted as study model to propose a systematic review and update of the officially recognized seafood designations. 15 towns were selected according to their size and to the presence of fishery and/or aquaculture activities. The survey included a total of 71 point of sales consisting of 49 wholesale market, hypermarket and supermarkets belonging to four different great retailer chains, 11 local grocery stores and 11 local fish markets. All fish products presented on sale within each point were checked. The product type, as well as CD and SN were recorded for each product. Overall, 1610 products were recorded. As regards the category, the most part of products was fresh/frozen raw (N=1001; 62,2%) followed by canned (N=473; 29.4%). A total of 110 different CDs were used for all recorded products. 1195 products (74%) reported a CD associated with a SN while in the remaining 415 (26%) only the CD was available. The analysis highlighted the presence of a total of 50 Combination Items (CI) in which both CD and SN recorded on the market were not included in the official list; 12 CI in which a valid or obsolete SN included in the official list was associated to a CD not included in the list; 5 CI in which the officially accepted CDs were edited by adding of an adjective related to the fish origin or specific morphological features (official CDs editing); 6 CI in which the CD already existing in the official list were applied in association with a valid SN not included among the official records (extended use of the official CDs); 22 CDs recorded alone and not listed among the Official commercial designation reported in the Ministerial document. The survey confirmed the ineffectiveness of the official list in describing the products present at retail and the need to provide a substantial revision of the designation to meet the offer of an expanding market and harmonize the terms applied for products identification. In this respect, the designations collected in the survey might represent an objective starting point for the selection of new designations to be included in the Official Bulgarian list for the identification of the basket of fish species not yet officially characterized although already recognized by the final consume