2 research outputs found
Multiplexed Profiling of Single Extracellular Vesicles
Extracellular
vesicles (EV) are a family of cell-originating, membrane-enveloped
nanoparticles with diverse biological function, diagnostic potential,
and therapeutic applications. While EV can be abundant in circulation,
their small size (∼4 order of magnitude smaller than cells)
has necessitated bulk analyses, making many more nuanced biological
explorations, cell of origin questions, or heterogeneity investigations
impossible. Here we describe a single EV analysis (SEA) technique
which is simple, sensitive, multiplexable, and practical. We profiled
glioblastoma EV and discovered surprising variations in putative pan-EV
as well as tumor cell markers on EV. These analyses shed light on
the heterogeneous biomarker profiles of EV. The SEA technology has
the potential to address fundamental questions in vesicle biology
and clinical applications
Integrated Kidney Exosome Analysis for the Detection of Kidney Transplant Rejection
Kidney
transplant patients require life-long surveillance to detect
allograft rejection. Repeated biopsy, albeit the clinical gold standard,
is an invasive procedure with the risk of complications and comparatively
high cost. Conversely, serum creatinine or urinary proteins are noninvasive
alternatives but are late markers with low specificity. We report
a urine-based platform to detect kidney transplant rejection. Termed
iKEA (integrated kidney exosome analysis), the approach detects extracellular
vesicles (EVs) released by immune cells into urine; we reasoned that
T cells, attacking kidney allografts, would shed EVs, which in turn
can be used as a surrogate marker for inflammation. We optimized iKEA
to detect T-cell-derived EVs and implemented a portable sensing system.
When applied to clinical urine samples, iKEA revealed high level of
CD3-positive EVs in kidney rejection patients and achieved high detection
accuracy (91.1%). Fast, noninvasive, and cost-effective, iKEA could
offer new opportunities in managing transplant recipients, perhaps
even in a home setting