Plasticity and decomposition of whiskers on electric-induced deformation

The purpose of the work is to study the influence of weak electric fields (1–10 V/cm) on the micro and macroplasticity of whisker crystals of silver azide. The paper considers the processes occurring in the crystals of silver azide on the indentation in noncontact electric field. One of the processes is the indenter-induced movement of unfixed dislocations, which is the evidence of crystals microplasticity, followed by the accumulation of dislocations at the impediments of different nature. Further, this causes the change in linear dimensions of the crystals and the return to original dimensions, which is the evidence of macroplasticity. After deformation, a greater number of dislocations are formed, which stops the formation of the reaction areas where outgassing is observed. A method for controlling the whiskers stability and reactivity using the microindentation in electric field is proposed

Processing of energy materials in electromagnetic field

This paper presents the research results of complex impact of mechanical stress and electromagnetic field on the defect structure of energy materials. As the object of research quite a typical energy material - silver azide was chosen, being a model in chemistry of solids. According to the experiments co-effect of magnetic field and mechanical stress in silver azide crystals furthers multiplication, stopper breakaway, shift of dislocations, and generation of superlattice dislocations - micro-cracks. A method of mechanical and electric strengthening has been developed and involves changing the density of dislocations in whiskers

Controlling Explosive Sensitivity of Energy-Related Materials by Means of Production and Processing in Electromagnetic Fields

The present work is one of the world first attempts to develop effective methods for controlling explosive sensitivity of energy-related materials with the help of weak electric (up to 1 mV/cm) and magnetic (0.001 T) fields. The resulting experimental data can be used for purposeful alternation of explosive materials reactivity, which is of great practical importance. The proposed technology of producing and processing materials in a weak electric field allows forecasting long-term stability of these materials under various energy impacts

Synthesis and some properties of 2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2 h -1,2,3-diazaphosphol-4-yl)-4 h -benzo[ d ]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin-4-one

2-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-1,2,3-diazaphosphol-4-yl)-4H-benzo[d]-1,3, 2-dioxaphosphorin-4-one 1 readily reacts with hexafluoroacetone, mesoxalic acid diethyl ester, trifluoropyruvic acid ethyl ester and chloral to give 2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-dizaphosphole-4-yl)-derivatives of 1,3,2- and 1,4,2-dioxaphosphepines. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

The Research Directed to Results of Activity of the Federal Innovative Platforms Forming Professional Competences of the Sphere of the State and Municipal Procurement Assessment

Results of the complex research directed to assessment of results of activity of the federal innovative platforms providing professional development and professional retraining of experts in the sphere of purchases of goods (works, services) for the state and municipal needs, conducted on the basis of the developed scientific and methodical model of monitoring of efficiency of their activity with use of technological tools for collecting, the analysis and data storage are presented in this article. Within the complex research innovative activity of federal innovative platforms of the country is collected and analysed, the best practices of their activity are selected and described, ways of development of organizational mechanisms of improvement of technologies and content of innovative activities for professional development and professional retraining of experts in the sphere of purchases of goods (works, services) are revealed and described, possibilities of distribution of the created innovations (the received results) are defined

Screening of vegetable pea breeding material on rust resistance at Omsk State Agrarian University

Relevance. Pea rust regularly damages the vegetable pea crop in the Omsk region. The harmfulness of the disease has begun to intensify in recent years; in years favorable for the development of the disease, the damage to susceptible varieties can be 100%. Therefore, breeders are forced to constantly search for new sources of resistance genes due to the rapidly developing rust pathogens. The goal of our research is to screen samples of a vegetable pea collection under field conditions in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia and identify sources of resistance.Material and Methodology. As an object for study, 72 samples of vegetable peas were taken from the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC) and the “Federal Research Center of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after. N.I. Vavilov" (VIR). The research was conducted over four years from 2020 to 2023. in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region. The records were carried out in accordance with the “Methodological instructions for studying the collection of grain legumes”.Results and Discussion. As a result of the studies, it was established that the resistance of vegetable peas to rust depends on both the genotype and weather conditions. Weather conditions had the greatest influence on the development of the disease (the factor’s share was 51.5%), the contribution of the genotype was also significant and amounted to 44.8%. The resistance of collection samples to rust in the conditions of the Omsk region varied from low (2.8 points) in warm and humid weather to very high (7.8 points) in dry and hot weather. The main influence on the spread of rust is exerted by the hydrothermal conditions of the “flowering – ripening” period (r=-0.98±0.11). Plant resistance to rust varies greatly depending on growing conditions (Cve=20.2-54.6%). The variety Darunok had the least variability of the trait over the years (Cve=20.2%), which will most consistently maintain resistance when the infectious load increases. As a result of screening of collection material of vegetable peas, sources of partial resistance to rust were identified for breeding in Western Siberia: varieties Darunok, Namorodok (Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)), Orel, Cruiser, Vityaz, Flagman-8, Nemchinovsky 46, B-579, In Memory of Khangildin (VIR collection)

Simulation of the Reactivity of Energy Materials in the Technosphere

Methods are proposed for regulating the reactivity of energetic materials that circulate in the technosphere and are not rarely the cause of fires and explosions, both during storage and during transportation. As man-made factors that influence the stability of these materials magnetic and temperature fields and mechanical effects were used. The magnetic field (in the range from 0.01 T to 0.3 T) was used to intensify chemical processes, both at the stage of crystal growth (by the example of silver azide) and together with mechanical action (from 105 Pa to 107 Pa) in the finished crystals. The action of the magnetic field and mechanical stress leads to the stimulation of microplasticity and macroplasticity processes, which are accompanied by a slow decomposition of the samples and subsequent destruction. It was established experimentally that a slight change in storage temperature, as compared to room temperature, accelerates the aging process of samples (range of positive temperatures up to + 30°C), or leads to loss of plasticity (range of negative temperatures down to -20°C) resulting in loss of performance and in loss of useful properties of energy materials

Molecular Inferences Suggest Multiple Host Shifts of Rabies Viruses from Bats to Mesocarnivores in Arizona during 2001–2009

In nature, rabies virus (RABV; genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae) represents an assemblage of phylogenetic lineages, associated with specific mammalian host species. Although it is generally accepted that RABV evolved originally in bats and further shifted to carnivores, mechanisms of such host shifts are poorly understood, and examples are rarely present in surveillance data. Outbreaks in carnivores caused by a RABV variant, associated with big brown bats, occurred repeatedly during 2001–2009 in the Flagstaff area of Arizona. After each outbreak, extensive control campaigns were undertaken, with no reports of further rabies cases in carnivores for the next several years. However, questions remained whether all outbreaks were caused by a single introduction and further perpetuation of bat RABV in carnivore populations, or each outbreak was caused by an independent introduction of a bat virus. Another question of concern was related to adaptive changes in the RABV genome associated with host shifts. To address these questions, we sequenced and analyzed 66 complete and 20 nearly complete RABV genomes, including those from the Flagstaff area and other similar outbreaks in carnivores, caused by bat RABVs, and representatives of the major RABV lineages circulating in North America and worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that each Flagstaff outbreak was caused by an independent introduction of bat RABV into populations of carnivores. Positive selection analysis confirmed the absence of post-shift changes in RABV genes. In contrast, convergent evolution analysis demonstrated several amino acids in the N, P, G and L proteins, which might be significant for pre-adaptation of bat viruses to cause effective infection in carnivores. The substitution S/T242 in the viral glycoprotein is of particular merit, as a similar substitution was suggested for pathogenicity of Nishigahara RABV strain. Roles of the amino acid changes, detected in our study, require additional investigations, using reverse genetics and other approaches

The Effect of Electric Field on the Explosive Sensitivity of Silver Azide

The effect of a constant contactless electric field on the rate of a chemical reaction in silver azide is explored in this paper. The technology of growing and processing silver azide whiskers in the constant contactless electric field (field intensity was varied in the range from 10{-3} V/m to 100 V/m) allows supervising their explosive sensitivity, therefore, the results of experiments can be relevant for purposeful controlling the resistance of explosive materials. This paper is one of the first attempts to develop efficient methods to affect the explosive sensitivity of energy-related materials in a weak electric field (up to 10{-3} V/m)