Effects of dietary wood charcoal on performance and fatness of broiler chicks

PubMedID: 10188032[No abstract available

Effect of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid inclusion in broiler breeder's diet on laying performance, egg quality, and yolk fatty acids composition

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary oil sources (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid) in female broiler breeders' diets on laying performance, egg quality and yolk fatty acids composition. Ross-308 breeders (220; 25 weeks old) were used in this experiment for 6 weeks. Birds were placed in a complete randomized design with 4 dietary treatments (containing 2% soybean oil, 2% sunflower oil, 2% flaxseed oil, and 2% fish oil) and 5 replications containing 1 male + 10 females in each pen having a similar body weight (3,424 g) and egg production (86%). Results indicated that different sources of dietary oil had no significant effect on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and egg production but had a significant effect on egg weight. Also feeding the diets containing 2% of different fatty acids had a significant effect on some egg quality parameters and egg yolk fatty acids composition. It was concluded that inclusion of 2% flaxseed oil can improve laying performance, egg quality, and egg yolk fatty acids composition parameters in broiler breeders. © 2018 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu: 114O749 British Association for Psychopharmacology: ZF2013D12We acknowledge TÜBITAK (Project no: 114O749) and BAP (Project no: ZF2013D12) centers for providing financial support for this research study

Effect of wet feeding and dietary supplemental ascorbic acid on performance of heat-stressed broiler chicks

[No abstract available

Effect of inorganic and organic trace minerals in diet on laying performance, egg quality and yolk mineral contents in broiler breeder hens

Two hundred and twenty (20 male and 200 female) 39 weeks old Ross-308 broiler breeder hens were used in this experiment. Birds were placed in a complete randomized design with 4 dietary treatments (A: 100% inorganic, B: 50% organic + 50% inorganic, C: 50% organic, and D: 100% organic source of trace minerals) and 5 replications containing 1 male + 10 females in each having similar body weight and egg production. Results indicated that inclusion of organic and inorganic trace minerals in broiler breeders’ diet did not have a significant effect on body weight change, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and egg production. However, the diets containing organic and/ or inorganic trace minerals had a significant effect on some egg quality parameters such as albumin weight (%), egg shell weight, yolk weight, yolk index, shell strength, shell thickness, and yolk colour. Inclusion of organic and inorganic trace minerals in broiler breeders’ diet also affected yolk trace minerals content. It was concluded that egg quality and yolk trace minerals content in broiler breeders can be affected by source of trace minerals in diet. © 2019 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved

Effects of providing dietary wood (oak) charcoal to broiler chicks and laying hens

Three experiments were carried out to determine whether dietary wood (oak) charcoal applied during entire or phase feeding period would affect growth performance, abdominal fat weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, carcass composition and nutrient excretion of broilers and to determine whether dietary wood charcoal supplementation would affect laying performance and egg quality of laying hens. In the first experiment, different inclusion levels (0, 25, 50 and 100 g/kg feed) of wood charcoal in the diet were examined for a 6-week-period using broiler chicks of initial age 1 week. Dietary wood charcoal significantly increased feed intake (P 0.05) affect body weight gain, feed intake, carcass weight and carcass yield, but increased (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio, carcass ash content, fat excretion, while reducing (P < 0.05) mineral excretion in a dose dependent manner. In the second experiment, a phase application of dietary wood charcoal for a 6-week-period broiler chicks of initial age 1 week was assessed. During the first 28 days of age wood charcoal improved feed conversion ratio significantly (P < 0.05). At 49 days of age, the groups receiving charcoal in the starter and/or finisher diets showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain and carcass weight than the control group receiving no charcoal. In the third experiment, different levels (0, 10, 20 and 40 g/kg feed) of wood charcoal supplementation to a layer diet were examined for a 7-week-period using laying hens of initial age 34 weeks. Dietary charcoal supplementation did not have a significant effect on any parameters related to performance and egg quality, but significantly reduced number of cracked eggs and the reduction was dose dependent (P < 0.01). These data demonstrate that wood charcoal inclusion to the diet could be of value in improving broiler performance during the first 28 days of fattening period. In later ages, the positive effects of wood charcoal are limited. However, in laying hens dietary supplementation of wood charcoal reduces number of cracked eggs. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.Fundamental Research Fund of Shandong UniversityThe authors are grateful to Çukurova University Research Fund for their financial support

Determination of protein degradability of some subtropical protein sources by in situ technique

To determine and to compare the ruminal crude protein (CP) degradability of some sub-tropical protein sources, chickling vetch (Lathyrus sativum), bitter vetch (Vicia ervilla), lentil screenings, fish meal (FM), corn gluten meal (CGM), soybean meal (SBM), formaldehyde treated soybean meal (FT-SBM), four cannulated yearling Awassi male lambs were used. Crude protein of chickling vetch, bitter vetch and lentil screening were degraded more rapidly and more than 70% of FT-SBM and CGM crude protein remained undegraded even after 24 hours incubation. Formaldehyde treatment decreased CP degradability of SBM (P<0.05). It is concluded that legume seeds tested in this study are primary sources for rapidly degradable protein in the rumen. It is also concluded that formaldehyde treatment may have a potential to decrease rumen degradability of high quality vegetable protein sources

Effects of grain and protein sources on diet preferences, milk yield and milk composition of choice-fed German Fawn x Hair crossbred goats in mid lactation

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of grain (barley vs. corn) and protein sources (soybean meal (SBM) and Corn Gluten Meal (CGM)) on diet selection, milk yield and milk compositions of choice-fed Goats. A 2 by 2 factorial design was employed with 2 grain sources (barley or corn) and 2 protein sources (soybean meal; SBM or Corn Gluten Meal; CGM) as main effects. The groups received grain and protein sources besides wheat bran and alfalfa hay, which chopped in 1.5-2 cm length. Each group received feed stuff as free choice ad libitum in a special trough divided into 4 parts for grain and protein sources, wheat bran and alfalfa hay for a week training + an 8-weeks testing period. The results showed that type of grain (barley or corn) and protein (SBM or CGM) affected the nutrient contents of diets selected. The does offered barley as a grain source consumed higher amount of protein sources. The does offered SBM as protein source selected the diet having lower ADF, NDF and RUP contents and higher CP content than those offered CGM as a protein source. Grainxprotein source interaction also affected (p<0.05) nutrient composition of the diets selected. In barley groups, the does offered CGM selected diets with higher NDF but lower ME content than those selected by the does offered SBM, however, no such a difference according to the protein source was observed in the groups receiving corn. Live weight change, dry matter intake (DMI), DMI/milk yield ratio and ME intake were lower (p<0.05) in the groups receiving barley than those having corn. Fat corrected milk yield, fat and protein yield and ADF intake were higher (p<0.05) for the does offered CGM than those offered SBM. ADF and NDF intakes and milk NPN contents were affected (p<0.05) by grainxprotein source interaction. The does receiving SBM with barley consumed less ADF and NDF than the does receiving CGM with barley, but the does offered corn did not change their ADF and NDF intakes according to the protein sources. Milk NPN content was decreased by CGM with barley. The results suggest that lactating goats have a good nutritional wisdom that allowing them to select nutritionally balanced diet and to avoid feedstuffs causing nutritional discomfort when different grain and protein sources were supplied simultaneously and freely. © Medwell Journals, 2008

Effect of dietary supplemental yucca schidigera powder on fattening performance of male lambs

To determine the effect of Yucca schidigera powder on fattening performance of growing male lambs in two consecutive experiments, 30 lambs (Assaf, in the first experiment, lie de France x Awassi crossbred in the second experiment), weaned at 70-80 days, were equally divided in two groups with three replicates each. Lambs in both the groups were fed isocaloric and isonitrogenic diets and, the diet in treatment group was supplemented with 150ppm Yucca schidigera. The diets had 90% concentrate and 10% alfalfa, straw, containing 2.45 µcal ME/kg and 160g CP/kg. There was no significant (P>0.05) effect of Yucca schidigera powder on fattening performance of lambs under our feeding regime with a diet containing high level (90%) of concentrate. © GSP, India

Effects of boric acid supplementation on egg production and quality of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)

The present study was carried out to determine whether dietary boric acid would affect egg production parameters and egg shell quality of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). In the study, 135 female Japanese quails at 8 weeks of age were used. The quails were divided into 3 groups randomly, each treatment group contained 3 subgroup containing 15 birds each. Commercial maize-barley based standard layer diets were formulated as basal diets for the control treatment, basal diets were supplemented with 200 and 400 ppm boric acid. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. The results obtained in this experiment showed that boric acid supplementation to the diet significantly affected egg weight, egg shell thickness and feed conversion efficiency, but there was no significant difference between the control and the boric acid supplemented groups in feed intake, egg production, egg shell weight, egg shape index

Determination of the effects of z. officinale and propolis extracts on intestinal microbiology and histological characteristics in broilers

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of Z.officinale and propolis extracts on intestine microbiology and histology in broilers as alternative growth promoters to antibiotics. One-day-old, Ross 308 male broiler chicks were used in the experiment. At the beginning of the experiment, seven treatment groups [negative control, positive control, Z. officinale, propolis and three different combinations of Z. officinale + propolis (0.5 + 0.5, 1 + 1 and 1.5 + 1.5)] were formed with similar mean weight, comprising 16 birds each. Each group was fed ad libitum for 42 days. Supplementation of Z. officinale and propolis extracts alone or in combination reduce Coliform bacteria (p<0.05) compared to negative control group. The highest numbers of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria was identified in the group with (1:1) combination of Z. officinale + Propolis (p<0.05). The high amount of such bacteria in this group can be attributed to the lack of Coliform bacteria and decreasing tendency in E. coli content. The desired stimulating effect on lactic acid bacteria was observed in all treatment groups compared to negative control group. Z. officinale and Propolis extracts and their combinations significantly improved intestinal villi length (p<0.05) compared to negative control group. These affirmative findings indicate likely improvement in performance parameters of animals in treatment groups. As a result; Z. officinale and Propolis extracts could have a great potential to promote broiler growth. © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2010