Edukasi kesehatan imunisasi Measles Rubella menggunakan video animasi dan pesan teks melalui WhatsApp

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effect of health education using animated video and text messages through WhatsApp on parental knowledge and attitude. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design on two groups that consisted of 36 respondents in each group. The first group received animation videos about MR immunization, and the second group received text messages through WhatsApp. The instruments of this study consisted of a knowledge questionnaire and an attitude questionnaire. The study was conducted on parents who had an infant less than nine months old, had a smartphone and WhatsApp account. Results: The pretest-posttest scores show increased knowledge and attitude about MR immunization after educational animation video and text message intervention. Video animation had a higher mean of knowledge and attitude than text messages. Conclusion: Health education using animation videos through WhatsApp can improve parental knowledge and attitude higher than a text message.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan video animasi dan pesan teks melalui whatsapp pada pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimental pada 2 kelompok yang terdiri dari 36 responden setiap kelompok. Grup pertama menerima video animasi tentang imunisasi MR dan grup kedua menerima pesan teks melalui whatsapp. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari angket pengetahuan dan angket sikap. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada orang tua yang memiliki bayi kurang dari 9 bulan, memiliki smarthphone dan akun WhatsApp. Hasil: Skor pretest-postest menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang imunisasi MR setelah intervensi video animasi  dan pesan teks. Video animasi memiliki rerata pengetahuan dan sikap yang lebih tinggi daripada pesan teks. Kesimpulan: Pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan video animasi melalui WhatsApp dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua lebih tinggi dari pesan teks

Obesity and academic performances in adolescents

Background Adolescence is a phase of dynamic development in human life, marked by rapid physical growth, in addition to mental, emotional, and social development. Adolescent obesity has been related to metabolic disease, in addition to psychological disorders, which may lead to a negative impact on academic performances. Objective To assess academic performances in adolescents with obesity Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Junior High School No. 14 in Bandung from December 2010 to July 2011. Subjects were aged 12 to 14 years, and were divided into two groups: obese or good nutritional status. Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test was performed to assess the association of obesity and academic performances. T-test was used to compare subjects' mean mathematics and English performances in the two groups. Results There were 24D students who met the inclusion criteria. Since there were 40 obese subjects in the first group, we randomized the remaining students to obtain 40 subjects with good nutritional status for the second group. Best academic performances in mathematics and English was obtained mostly by subjects in the good nutrition group (38/40 and 39/40, respectively). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association of lower performances in mathematics (mean difference -2.8; 95%CI -5 to -0.6; P=0.043) and English (mean difference -1.9; 95%CI -3.5 to -0.2; P=0.001) to obesity. We also found a significant association of better mathematics (P=0.001) and English performances (P=0.004) to the father's occupation. Additional English lessons were not associated with higher English performances in the obese group (mean difference 0.2; 95%CI -2.9 to 3 .2; P=0.885). Conclusion Obese adolescents tend to have poorer academic performances compared to those with good nutritional status

Lipid Profile in Early and Late Stage among Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome-Related Chronic Kidney Disease in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia in 2016−2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem in children with an increased prevalence globally. CKD is strongly associated with Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) and dyslipidemia, which become a progressive factor of CKD. This study aimed to describe the lipid profile of children with CKD and NS in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: An observational-retrospective study was conducted with a cross-sectional design involving 150 medical records of children aged 1−18 years who were diagnosed with CKD with NS. Lipid profile data, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL, were collected from 2016−2019 using the total sampling method. Subjects with incomplete lipid profile data were excluded from the study.Results: Among the fifty-two children that were eligible and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 88.5% were diagnosed with stage 1 CKD, and 32.7% were aged between 6−11 years and boys were predominant (67.3%). Lipid profile changes were found in the LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol serum levels between CKD stage I and II–V.Conclusions: Lipid profile of CKD pediatric patients with NS in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2016−2019 showed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Most subjects were in stage I of CKD and Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome, and comparison between stages of CKD and types of nephrotic syndrome is lacking. A prospective analytical study would be more reliable in proofing its significance

The Effects of Calcium Supplementation on Blood Lead Levels and Short-term Memory of Chronically Exposed Children: A Clinical Trial Study

AIM: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of calcium supplementation to decrease blood lead levels (BLLs) of children at high risk for chronic lead poisoning and to determine its effects on short-term memory. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children aged 8–12 years lived in the highest traffic density in Medan randomly included in this quasi-experimental study, divided into two groups (control and supplementation group received tablet contain four hundred milligrams oral calcium twice daily for 3 months). Samples for BLLs were collected before and after 3 months of supplementation, and short-term memory measurements are carried out by picture and forward digital span test. Descriptive statistics were calculated at baseline and 3 months; comparison between before and after treatment was assessed with t-tests, p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS: BLLs samples, who are exposed to lead for >6 months were ranging between 0.4–12 μg/dL. Median BLLs in supplementation group before treatment was 2.1 μg/dL and after treatment was 0.01 μg/dL (p < 0.01); difference between median in BLLs after treatment in supplementation group was 2.090 μg/dL (p = 0.004). Score memory picture in the supplementation group before treatment was 61.4 ± 24.83 and after treatment was 76.21 ± 15.97 (p<0.01). Score memory digital span in the supplementation group before treatment was 5 (3–7) and after treatment was 7 (5–7) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Three months of oral calcium supplementation 400 mg twice daily for high-risk chronic lead poisoning children reduced BLLs significantly and improved their short-term memory

Hubungan Faktor Sosioekonomi dengan Perawakan Pendek Anak Usia 24-60 Bulan

Latar belakang. Perawakan pendek merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan anak yang dipengaruhi berbagai faktor, salah satunya sosioekonomi. Faktor sosioekonomi di antaranya pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan, jumlah anak kurang dari 5 tahun, dan interval usia dengan anak sebelumnya. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan status sosioekonomi dengan perawakan pendek. Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada anak usia 24–60 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas Sukajadi dan Tempat Penitipan Anak Bunda Ganesa pada bulan Mei 2018. Sampel dipilih secara proporsional random sampling. Tinggi badan anak diperiksa dan diambil data status sosioekonomi. Analisis statistik menggunakan Chi kuadrat dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Hasil. Seratus tiga puluh tiga anak terdiri dari 77 anak dari Puskesmas Sukajadi dan 56 anak dari Bunda Ganesa. Prevalensi perawakan pendek di Puskesmas Sukajadi 40,3%, sedangkan di Bunda Ganesa 16,1%. Tempat penelitian, pendidikan orang tua, berat badan menurut usia, pekerjaan ayah dan pendapatan keluarga memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan perawakan pendek. Analisis multivariat ayah pendidikan menengah dan rendah, serta berat badan menurut usia yang abnormal merupakan risiko perawakan pendek. Sementara anak yang tidak mendapat ASI eksklusif berisiko lebih rendah. Kesimpulan. Prevalensi perawakan pendek lebih besar pada anak dari keluarga sosioekonomi menengah kebawah. Pendidikan ayah dan ibu, berat badan menurut usia, pekerjaan ayah dan pendapatan keluarga memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap perawakan pendek

Perbedaan Status Gizi dan Perawakan Pendek pada Anak Sakit Perut Berulang dengan Helicobacter Pylori Positif dan Negatif

Latar belakang. Sakit perut berulang (SPB) merupakan keluhan yang paling sering pada anak. Infeksi Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) saat ini merupakan salah satu penyebab organik terbanyak pada anak SPB. Infeksi H. pylori dapat menyebabkan malnutrisi dan perawakan pendek, tetapi hal ini masih kontroversial. Tujuan. Mengetahui perbedaan status gizi dan perawakan pendek antara anak SPB dengan infeksi H. pylori positif dan negatif. Metode Penelitian potong lintang analitik dilakukan pada anak SMP dan SMA di Bandung yang mengalami SPB. Infeksi H. pylori berdasarkan pemeriksaan serologis menggunakan kit BioM pylori. Analisis perbedaan status gizi dan perawakan pendek antara anak SPB dengan infeksi H. pylori positif dan negatif menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil. Terdapat 224 subjek mengalami SPB dari 1658 subjek yang disurvey. Sebanyak 99 subjek memenuhi kriteria inklusi. H. pylori positif pada 45 subjek. Uji beda memperlihatkan perbedaan proporsi pada status gizi kurang dan infeksi H. pylori positif, namun belum bermakna secara statistik. Pada uji beda perawakan pendek dengan infeksi H. pylori positif tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna. Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna status gizi dan perawakan pendek pada anak SPB dengan infeksi H. pylori positif dan infeksi H. pylori negatif

Hubungan Perilaku Ibu dalam Praktik Pemberian Makan pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor

Latar belakang. Stunting merupakan kondisi kurang gizi kronis disebabkan asupan makanan yang kurang dalam waktu lama. Kejadian stunting dapat direduksi oleh salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi pemenuhan gizi anak, yaitu perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting. Metode. Studi analitik potong lintang yang dilakukan pada ibu dan anak usia 12-23 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan panduan Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) dan World Health Organization (WHO). Pengukuran panjang badan anak menggunakan infantometer. Analisis menggunakan uji chi kuadrat dan Mann Whitney. Hasil. Lima puluh sembilan subjek (27,2%) dari 217 total subjek termasuk kelompok stunting. Angka kemaknaan pemberian makan cukup dan pemberian makan secara responsif dengan kejadian stunting sebesar 0,003 dan 0,012. Ketepatan waktu dan pemberian makan secara aman dengan kejadian stunting memiliki nilai p>0,05. Perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan secara keseluruhan menunjukkan nilai p<0,05. Kesimpulan. Praktik pemberian makan secara keseluruhan memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Kecukupan dalam pemberian makan dan pemberian makan secara responsif memiliki hubungan dengan stunting, tetapi pemberian makan secara tepat waktu dan aman tidak memengaruhi kejadian stunting

Safety and immunogenicity of the DTP/HB /Hib combination vaccine: phase I study

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the introduction ofhepatitis B (HB) and Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccines into routine childhood vaccination programs. A new diptheria/tetanus/pertussis (DTP) /hepatitis B/Hib pentavalent combination vaccine has been developed. Objective To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a new combination DTP/HB/Hib liquid vaccin e in infants. Met hods An open-label, uncontrolled, prospective intervention phase I study was con ducted on 30 healthy infants aged 6- 11 weeks. Each subject received 3 doses of DTP/HB/Hib vaccine, formulated by Bio Fanna, 0.5 mL intramuscularly at the left anterolateral thigh region using a 25-gauge n eedle of 25 mm length . Subjects were followed for 1 month after administration of each vaccine dose to evaluate its safety, while serum anti-diphteria, tetanus, HB, Hib, and per tussis antibodies were measured prior to the l '' dose and 1 month after the Jtd dose. Results Among 30 vaccinated subjects, 18 infants had fever within 24 hours after the first vaccination. Most cases of fever were mild in intensity and resolved within 24 hours. No other systemic or local reactions, or serious adverse events were observed in our subjects during the study. The immunogenicity results after Jtd vaccine dose showed that the geometric mean titer of the antipolyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) antibody levels increased significantly from 0.0041μ,g/mL to 4.3 7 μ,g/mL after vaccination, and most infants h ad a fourfo ld or greater rise in antibody levels over their pre-injection levels . All subjects who received DTP/ HB/Hib liquid vaccine had seropro tective antibodies against tetanus, diphtheria,a and hepatitis B, while 29/30 infants had seroprotective antibodies against pertussis. Conclusion This new diphtheria/tetanus/pertusis/hepatitis B/Hib combination vaccine has excellent safety profile and antibody responses in infants. These results encourage further clinical evaluation in phase II

Factors Influencing Outcomes of Children Hospitalized with Acute Severe Malnutrition

Background: Nutrition is still a global health issue, and improving nutrition is among the targets of the Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs). One of Indonesia’s SDGs indicators is to reduce prevalence of malnutrition in children. Indonesia, as a developing country, implements a comprehensive malnutrition treatment program for children, including various aspects related to management of children with acute malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the outcome of children hospitalized with acute severe malnutrition. Methods: This cross sectional study enrolled 195 children with severe acute malnutrition, admitted to hospital from November 2016 to August 2017. Statistical Analysis was conducted using multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with the outcome. Adjusted Ratio with Confident Interval 95% and the value of P <0 .05 was considered significant. Result: A total of 195 children were diagnosed havings acute severe malnutrition. A history of complete immunization status (p value <0.001) was proved to be directly proportional to the recovery rate of patients with acute severe malnutrition. Provision of other types of antibiotic (p value 0.001) showed to increase recovery rates of patients with acute severe malnutrition. Several comorbid diseases reduced recovery rates such as pneumonia (Crude OR 0.619) tuberculosis (Crude OR 0.606) and HIV (p value 0.08). Conclusions: This study shows that although the provided treatments are appropriate with the standard treatment for severe malnutrition, they still encounter high levels of morbidity. Further large-scale studies should be conducted to develop better interventions and management of acute severe malnutrition, in order to achieve better outcome