Serapan Unsur Hara Nitrogen Dan Phospor Beberapa Tanaman Legum Pada Jenis Tanah Yang Berbeda

The purpose of this study was to assess the uptake of elements nitrogen and phosphorus of legume crops on different soil types. The material used in this study was alluvial soil taken from areas Rembang district, latosol soil taken from areas Tembalang district, Semarang; seed legumes, include: Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn (kaliandra), Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo), Sesbania grandifora (turi), Leucaena leucocephala (lamtoro), and Crotalaria juncea L (orok-orok). The design used was split plot design (split plot) with 3 replications. The main plot was legumes plants, there are Sesbania grandifora, Leucaena leucocephala, Calopogonium mucunoides, Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn, and Crotalaria juncea L. The sub plot was soil types latosol soil and alluvial soil. Parameters measured were N and P uptake by the roots and crown. The results showed that crown nitrogen uptake, root nitrogen and phosphorus highest editorial looks at the plants in the ground Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn latosol row is 2.23; 0.41; and 3.41, while the roots of the highest visible phosphorus in plants Leucaena leucocephala in latosol soil (0.67). In figures crown nitrogen, nitrogen root, crown phosphorus, and phosphorus lowest root sequentially on alluvial soil seen in plants Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn, Sesbania grandifora, and Calopogonium mucunoides; Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn, Leucaena leucocephala, and Calopogonium mucunoides; Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn, Sesbanian grandifora, and Calopogonium mucunoides; Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn, Sesbania grandifora, Calopogonium mucunoides, and Leucaena leucocephala. Meanwhile, when seen from the decline in the percentage of nitrogen crown, root nitrogen, phosphorous crown and root seen the highest percentage of phosphorus in plants Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn (92.70%, 87.53%, 93.28% and 88.27%), while the percentage of the lowest rate of decline in crown nitrogen, phosphorous crown and root phosphorous visible on the plant Crotalaria juncea L (40.33%; 28.07%; and 51.98%), while nitrogen seen in plant roots Sesbania grandifora (58.28%). Conclusions of research are nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by the crown and on the ground legume roots latosol better than alluvial soil.Key word : alluvial; latosol; legumes; nitrogen; phospho

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Rumput Benggala (Panicum Maximum) pada Berbagai Upaya Perbaikan Tanah Salin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan dan produksi rumput benggala (Panicum maximum) pada berbagai upaya perbaikan tanah salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca, Laboratorium Ilmu Tanaman Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari : kontrol (P0), gypsum (P1), abu sekam padi (P2), pupuk kandang (P3), gypsum dan abu sekam padi (P4), gypsum dan pupuk kandang (P5) dan abu sekam padi dan pupuk kandang (P6). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, panjang akar, bahan kering akar, produksi bahan kering dan nisbah daun batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perbaikan tanah salin berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan jumlah daun, pertambahan jumlah anakan, panjang akar, bahan kering akar dan produksi bahan kering tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nisbah daun batang

Karakterisasi Keragaman dan Analisis Kekerabatan Berdasarkan Sifat Agronomi Jagung Berwarna (Zea Mays L.)

Maize has a wide diversity. The diversity of maize exceeds that of any other species and is used and conserved by traditional maize farmers. The way to find information about maize diversity is to evaluate the maize genotype through plant characterization. Plant characteristics include observing the qualitative and quantitative traits to identify and select appropriate parental species for use in forming or developing varieties. This study aimed to examine the diversity of agronomic traits in 12 genotypes of colored maize; Meanwhile, Bonanza (sweet maize) was used as a control. An augmented design with the basic design of a completely randomized design was used as a research experiment. From the agronomic data, cluster analysis between characters was carried out based on the Euclidean distance coefficient using the MVSP application to determine the relationship between genotypes. The observations of quantitative and qualitative traits showed that the characteristics of plant height, seed color, stem color, tassel color, and cob hair had heterogeneous diversity. However, sweetness, cob color, seed type, and seed row arrangement had homogeneous diversity in the male and female flowering age characters. Based on the dendrogram results, the twelve genotypes tested and the control showed that these genotypes were different varieties in one genus, i.e., Zea L. because they had a similarity value above 80%

Karakter Produksi dan Heritabilitas Beberapa Mutan Kedelai Hitam pada Generasi M6

Peningkatan produksi kedelai dengan induksi mutasi pada pemuliaan tanaman diharapkan dapat menghasilkan kedelai yang berdaya hasil tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji karakter produksi dan heritabilitas dari beberapa mutan tanaman kedelai hitam generasi M6. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) non faktorial. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 genotipe benih kedelai hitam generasi M5 hasil iradiasi sinar gamma dan 3 varietas pembanding yaitu Detam 1, Detam 3 Prida, dan Detam 4 Prida. Parameter yang diamati meliputi umur berbunga, umur panen, bobot polong, jumlah biji tanaman, bobot 100 biji dan bobot biji per tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan uji F dan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan umur berbunga dan umur panen genotipe mutan 400/1-2-2-6 dan 256/1-2-9-29 lebih cepat dibandingkan genotipe lain. Bobot polong per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, bobot biji setiap tanaman, dan jumlah biji per tanaman pada genotipe mutan kedelai generasi M6 tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding.  Nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas pada karakter produksi meliputi bobot polong, jumlah biji, bobot 100 biji dan bobot biji per tanaman bernilai rendah, pada karakter umur berbunga dan umur panen memiliki nilai heritabilitas sedang.   &nbsp