A Graph Based Approach To Identify Objects Using Identifying Attribute

We have proposed a method to identify objects in database schema using association degree with other objects. We have also used identifying attribute of associations in graph to specify a unique path to resolve ambiguity of Fuzzy Object Functional Dependencies. Recently Fuzzy Concepts were used in Object Oriented Data Models. The Object Identifier allows distinguishing between similar objects. Functional Dependencies play a dominant role to uniquely identify objects. Moreover object identification has now become a modeling concept rather than database concept so starting a search for objects with a set of values is possible. We have also investigated the presence of identifying attributes in fuzzy object schema and its implications

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Not AvailableThe management of crop residues coupled with external nutrient inputs is important for improving and conserving soil fertility and productivity. We assessed the long - term effects of three wheat residue management options (RMO) (residue burning, incorporation, and surface retention) in combination with three supplementary nutrient inputs (SNI) [control, fertilizer, and farmyard manure (FYM)] on phosphorus (P) fractions and adsorption behavior of a Vertisol under soybean–wheat system. Wheat residue incorporation and retention improved the labile inorganic P [sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 - Pi)] by 3.2 and 5.0 mg kg - 1 and the labile organic P (NaHCO3 - Po) by 2.4 and 4.2 mg kg - 1, respectively, as compared to residue burning. The soils under residue incorporation and retention had 38 and 26% more moderately labile organic P [sodium hydroxide (NaOH - Po)], respectively, than the soil under residue burning. The SNI either as fertilizer or FYM further enhanced NaHCO3 - Pi, NaHCO3 - Po, and NaOH - Po. In contrast, less labile P fractions [hydrochloric acid (HCl) - P and residual - P] remained unaffected by RMO and SNI treatments. Residue retention or incorporation decreased P adsorption over the residue burning for all the three nutrient inputs. The P - adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir equation (R2 ranged from 0.970 to 0.994). The P - adsorption maximum (b), bonding energy constant (k), differential P - buffering capacity (DPBC), and standard P requirement (SPR) were lower with residue incorporation or surface retention than with residue burning. The SPR followed the order residue burning > incorporation > retention for RMOs and control > fertilizer > FYM for SNI treatments. The NaHCO3 - Pi, NaHCO3 - P0, and NaOH - Po had negative correlation with P - adsorption parameters and showed positive correlation with soybean P uptake. Wheat residue incorporation or retention plus FYM could be an effective strategy for enhancing the P fertility of Vertisols under a soybean–wheat system.Not Availabl