Pengaruh Perbedaan Warna Cahaya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kultur Spirulina SP. [ the Effect of Light Colour to Growth Culture of Spirullina SP. ]

Spirulina sp. is a microalgae that has spread widely, and can live in brackish waters, marine and freshwater. Spirulina is often the dominant species and can cause bloom (Ciferri, 1983 in Hu, 2004). Spirulina sp. have the ability to photosynthesize and convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The best environmental conditions for growth are in areas rich in sunlight, rainfall is, rich in carbon dioxide and temperature in the range of 25-35 ° C and pH ranging from 7.2 to 9.5. Spirulina sp. able to survive at salinity between 20-70 ppt, pH between 9 - 11 (Ciferri, 1983 in Richmond, 1986). This study aimed to know To know the color of light affect the growth of Spirulina sp. and the light color is best in promoting the growth of Spirulina sp. Effect of different colors of light can affect the growth of Spirulina sp. Methods The study is an experiment with the experimental design used was CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with five treatments and three replications with different colors of light that is A (white), B (green), C (blue), D (red), E (yellow). The color of light have different wavelengths, absorption by the different pigments and different penetration capabilities

Potensi Antagonistik Bakteri Lactobacillus Plantarum Terhadap Bakteri Patogen Aeromonas Salmonicida Secara in Vitro [the Potential Antagonistic Bacterium Lactobacillus Plantarum Against Bacterial Pathogens Aeromonas Salmonicida by in Vitro]

Problems were often experienced by fish farmers is bacterial pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida which causes furunculosis disease in fish. The way to control the growth of this pathogenic bacteria was using antagonist bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum. Growth of L. plantarum may inhibit contamination of pathogenic bacterial because of its ability to produce bacteriocins, produce lactic, moreover that these bacteria can produce hydrogen peroxide which can function as an antibacterial. This research aimed to provide information on the use of bacterial antagonists L. plantarum in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria A. salmonicida on In Vitro. This research was conducted on October 2012 until January 2013 at dry laboratory in Fisheries and Marine Faculty of Airlangga University Surabaya. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Bacteria L. plantarum with 0 concentration for control (A), 106 (B), 107 (C), 108 (D), 109 (E) tested challenge by paper disc method with 106 concentrate of pathogenic bacteria A. salmonicida in vitro. The results showed that L. plantarum with a concentration of 109 CFU/ml (E) was a treatment that produced average of obstacle on the distribution of A. salmonicida amounted to 12,375 mm. Then the treatment with a concentration of 108 CFU/ml (D) with the average of obstacle 8,95 mm. While treatment with a concentration of 107 CFU/ml (C) and 106 CFU/ml (B) was having average of obstacle 6.8 mm and 6 mm was not significantly different from the control (A) which had an average 6 mm obstacle. So it could be concluded that bacteria L. plantarum had antagonistic potential against bacterial pathogens A.salmonicida which indicated by the obstacle produced by L. plantarum on growth of pathogenic bacteria A.salmonicida

Pengaruh Ekstrak Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia Galanga L.) Terhadap Tingkat Kesembuhan Benih Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias SP.) Yang Terinfeksi Saprolegnia SP. [Effect of Rhizome Extract (Kaempferia Kalanga L.) for the Cure Rate of Catfish (Clarias SP.) Infected by Saprolegnia SP. ]

Saprolegnia sp. is a fungus that causes the disease Saprolegniasis on eggs and fresh water fish such as catfish (Clarias sp.). Treatment of Saprolegniasis have done using chemical drugs such as malachite green, formalin, sodium chloride and asetic acid. However, the use of chemical drugs is bad for the environment and biota. The purpose of this study is to determined the antifungal activity from rhizome extract (Kaempferia galanga L.) for the cure rate of catfish fry (Clarias sp) infected by Saprolegnia sp. The research was conducted on June 2013 at Fisheries and Marine Faculty of Airlangga University. The method used in this study is experimental method using Kruskall Wallis followed by Two Sample Independent test design with 5 treatments and four repetitions. Results showed that the extract of Kaempferia galanga L. has antifungal activity to recovery infected catfish fry. The optimal concentration from this research is 64%. The existence of antifungal activity of Kaempferia galanga L. extracts to Saprolegnia sp. showed that Kaempferia galanga L. extract consists some compounds as fungistatic and fungicidal such as flavonoid, saponin, phenolic and essential oil compounds

Potensi Bacillus Licheniformis Dan Streptomyces Olivaceoviridis Sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Saprolegnia SP. Penyebab Saprolegniasis Pada Ikan Secara in Vitro [Potential of Bacillus Licheniformis and Streptomyces Olivaceoviridis as Inhibiting the Growth of Fungus Saprolegnia SP, Cause Saprolegniasis on Fish by Using in Vitro]

Saprolegniasis is a fungal disease on fish caused by Saprolegnia sp, which is saprophyte, damaging healthy tissue and makes the immune system in fish deacreased. The uniquennes of Saprolegnia sp has the main components of the cell wall in the form of chitin that was instrumental in shaping the structure of the tip growth of fungal hyphae. Control of fungal pathogenic Saprolegnia sp can use chitinolytic microorganisms based on ability to produce chitinase for example using bacteria. This study aims to potential of Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces olivaceoviridis as inhibiting the growth of fungus Saprolegnia sp, cause saprolegniasis on fish by using in vitro. The research method is experimental with completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of four treatments with five replications. The experimental used is A (Saprolegnia sp and Bacillus licheniformis), B (Saprolegnia sp and Streptomyces olivaceoviridis), C negative control (Saprolegnia sp) and D positive control (Saprolegnia sp and Ketokonazol 2 %). The main parameters measured were observed inhibition zone on each treatment. Supporting parameters were observed is an observation of abnormal hpyphae structure after being induced by bacteria Bacillus licheniformis dan Streptomyces olivaceoviridis. Data were analyzed using analysis of variants (ANOVA) and to know the difference between treatments were determined by Tukey honestly significant difference (Tukey HSD) Test. The results showed that the potential of chitinolytic Bacillus licheniformis can provide a good barrier of 4,62 cm by 5,48 cm compared Streptomyces olivaceoviridis in inhibiting the growth Saprolegnia sp. Suggestions in this research is the need to further research on the value of chitinase Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces olivaceoviridis. Further research by using in vivo

Pengaruh Penambahan Beeswax Sebagai Plasticizer Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Edible Film Kitosan [the Effect of Using Beeswax as Plasticizer Against Physical Characteristics of Chitosan Edible Film]

Edible film kitosan merupakan kemasan primer biodegradable yang dapat dimakan berbentuk lapisan tipis dan transparan. Edible film kitosan bersifat rapuh dan kurang fleksibel sehingga perlu ditambahkan plasticizer beeswax. Beeswax atau lilin lebah bersifat ramah lingkungan dan tidak berbahaya bagi tubuh manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui film berbahan dasar kitosan dengan beeswax sebagai plasticizer dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pembuatan edible film serta mengetahui pengaruh penambahan plasticizer beeswax terhadap karakteristik fisik edible film kitosan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penambahan konsentrasi beeswax yang berbeda yakni 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, dan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kitosan dan plasticizer beeswax dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pembuatan edible film. Beeswax sebagai plasticizer memberikan pengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik edible film kitosan. Nilai ketebalan pada edible film yang terbentuk bekisar antara 0,012-0,36 mm, kuat tarik antara 13,72 - 47,53kgf/cm2 dan persen pemanjangan antara 3,34 – 7,44 %. Peningkatan konsentrasi plasticizer beeswax menurunkan kuat tarik namun di sisi lain dapat meningkatkan nilai ketebalan dan nilai persen pemanjangan

Derajat Infestasi Dan Intensitas Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis Pada Ikan Koi (Cyprinus Carpio) Dengan Metode Kohabitasi [Degrees Infestation and Intensity Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis on Koi (Cyprinus Carpio) with Cohabitation Method]

Marine and fisheries sector is one of the mainstay in the development of fisheries resources in Indonesia. Based on the fishery habitat fishery is divided into sea water, brackish water and freshwater. One result of freshwater fisheries potential that koi (C. carpio). Many of the obstacles that often harm the koi fish farming in producing a quality product. One of the obstacles which have a negative impact is a disease of fish. One type of disease most often a constraint due to the temperature of water in the koi fish is Ichthyophthiriasis. Parasiter disease in fish is caused by ectoparasites attack I. multifiliis. Artificial mode of transmission can be done to transmit I. multifiliis is by cohabitation which is an effort to pass the sick fish to healthy fish in a spot of maintenance. The existence of infestation I. multifiliis of fish will show clinical symptoms, degree of infestation and different intensity. This study aims to determine the degree of infestation and intensity I.multifiliis in fish koi (C. carpio) by the cohabitation method. The research method used was experiments method in the field carried out for cohabitation. Experimental method is a way to find a causal relationship (clause relations) between the two factors are intentionally inflicted by the researchers to eliminate or reduce and set aside other factors that could interfere (Arikunto, 2002). The results of this study indicate that the degree of infestation I.multifiliis on koi (C. carpio) during cohabitation indicate a mild degree of infestation, the degree of infestation and degree of infestation is heavy because the fish have different chances of infestation. Intensity I. multifiliis from day to day during the study experienced an increase ranging from 5,3 to 8,5 fish parasites every fish parasites

Korelasi Antara Konsentrasi Oksigen Terlarut Pada Kepadatan Yang Berbeda Dengan Skoring Warna Daphnia Spp. [Correlation Between Dissolved Oxygen Concentration in Different Densities with Color Scoring of Daphnia Spp.]

Dissolved oxygen is the parameters key of water quality. Low level of dissolved oxygen can affect the function and slow growth, can even cause death to fish in hypoxia condition. The aims of this experiment were to determine the effect of population density of Daphnia spp. of dissolved oxygen concentration and the correlation between dissolved oxygen concentration with color scoring of Daphnia spp. This method was experimental with Completely Randomized Design as experiment design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment that was given were the differences of Daphnia spp. density that consisted of treatment A (50 individu/200 ml), treatment B (250 individu/200 ml), treatment C (450 individu/200 ml), treatment D (650 individu/200 ml), treatment E (850 individu/200 ml), and treatment F (1050 individu/200 ml). The results showed that the difference of Daphnia spp. density showed highly significant effect of dissolved oxygen concentration of treatment medium (p<0,01). In addition, this experiment also showed that the dissolved oxygen concentration in treatment medium showed negative correlation with color score of Daphnia spp

Teknik Budidaya Rumput Laut (Gracilaria Verrucosa) dengan Metode Rawai di Balai Budidaya Air Payau Situbondo Jawa Timur [Technique Of Seaweeds Culture (Gracilaria Verrucosa) At Brackish Water Aqua Culture Development CENTER Situbondo Of East Java]

Seaweeds is one of commodities fishery sector have commercial value, so that it has been culturing by seaweeds farmer. Technique of seaweeds culture is one of the aim concept for successfully culture it. The aim of this case study is to get about technique culture, culture, maintain of microbe and disease, post harvesting, marketing and the effort analysis at Brackish water Aquiculture Development Center Pulokerto Countryside Kraton Sub District Pasuruan Regency and Province of East Java. The case study was held on August 4 to September 17 2008. The work method was using in this case study was descriptive method by taking data's technique by participate actively, observation, interview and the literature study. Seaweeds culture company at Brackish water Aquiculture Development Center Pulokerto Countryside Kraton Sub District Pasuruan Regency and Province of East Java is property of Blackish water Aquiculture Development Center Situbondo Sub Division Seaweeds culture, have the culture area was at pond with wide 36 hectare (Ha) with 38 cabin and each cabin width 0,5 hectare (Ha), with condition of bottom sea were companing a sand muddy. Water quality measuring at location were; pH 7 – 8, salinity 35 – 37,5 ppt, temperature 25,7 – 29,6°C, and disolved oxygen 4,32 – 5,79 mg/l. Cultivation technique of seaweeds using long line methods. The size raft is 100 m, using ris rope PE 3 mm. The cultivation distance between ris rope 3 – 5 m, while for seed is a 25 cm. Seed stocking was conduct on directly. Cultivation of seed was in the morning or in the evening with 20 – 25 day age of seed. Harvesting of seaweed was using 2 models were pluck up crop and all crop. Post harvesting of seaweed is going to washed, dried afterward directly selling of dry seaweed. Harvest product seaweed the big part selling at factory among others at Agar Sehat Factory at Purwosari Pasuruan, Indo Flora Factory at Bandulan Malang, Sriti Factory at Pandaan Pasuruan and Sri Gunting Factory at Lawang Malang, with price for factory 2.500/kg but for farmer 2.000/kg

Pengaruh Pemberian Beberapa Bakteri terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias SP.) [The Effect Of Bacteria Supply To Survival Rate Juvenile Of African Catfish (Clarias SP.) ]

Commodities African catfish (Clarias sp) is a rapidly growing commodity in Indonesia. Clarias gariepinus is one of the leading commodities and have a good market. African catfish hatchery fish is generally done in areas that have abundant water resources so that a minimal constraint on the area of water. Therefore applied a closed system with the addition of bacteria recirculation degrading organic material that is expected to reduce the accumulation of organic material, there by increasing the survival of African catfish fry. This study aimed to investigate the influence of bacteria that degrade organic material in a closed recirculation system on the survival of fish fry of African catfish (Clarias sp.). This research using Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and five replications of each K treatment (0%), A (1%) (6.0x108 CFU / ml), B (3%) (1.8x109 CFU / ml ) and C (5%) (3.0x109). added bacteria consisting of Pseudomonas pseudomallei with similarity index (97.81%), Pseudomonas stutzeri with similarity index (97.81%), Pseudomonas stutzeri with similarity index ( 61.21%) The results of this study indicate that the addition of Pseudomonas pseudomallei (97.81%), Pseudomonas stutzeri (97.81%) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (61.21%) gave significant differences (p <0.05) against survival of fish fry of African catfish