国際的な文脈におけるプライバシー影響評価のための情報取扱モデル及び一連のリスク特定手法

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(情報学)甲第24935号情博第846号京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻(主査)教授 黒田 知宏, 教授 矢守 克也, 教授 曽我部 真裕学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of InformaticsKyoto UniversityDGA

Data Processing Model for Compliance with International Medical Research Data Processing Rules

In addition to traditional clinical research, advances in information communication technologies facilitates new medical research using internet of things devices and other cutting-edge technologies. Such medical research also simplifies the collection of data on research subjects in their daily lives internationally. In this context, medical research is increasingly required to comply with rules protecting patients’ personal data. This study proposes a model to enable researchers and other stakeholders including ethics committees in such international medical research to easily verify whether the planned processing of patient data complies with relevant legal and ethical rules. The model proposed in this study consists of (1) how patient information is pro-cessed, (2) the rules that are relevant to the processing, and (3) the analysis of whether the processing complies with the rules. This study suggests that the model should describe the aspects of data processing that are sub-ject to many rules, such as the location of the processing, categories of data, purposes of the processing, and the storage period. Thus, using the information described in the model as a guide, stakeholders can determine which national and international legal/ethical rules apply to the planned processing. Then, they can use the model to verify and document whether the processing complies with the specific regulatory rules. The use of the model in this study enables stakeholders in medical research to comply with the rules related to patient data more effectively than without using the model

Boiling heat transfer enhancement by nano-particles-assembled bi-porous layers

Nanoparticles-assembled bi-porous structure is newly proposed as boiling heat transfer enhancement technique. In order to assemble nanoparticles onto a heat transfer surface as a thin layer, a boiling adhesion method (BAM) is originally introduced in which, water or water/ethanol solution with mono-dispersed nanoparticles is dropped or sprayed onto a high temperature surface, and then the nanoparticles deposit onto the heat transfer surface during the boiling. In addition to that, it is expected that boiling bubbles can produce micro or milli scale of larger pores at the same time, which enables to fabricate bi-porous structure. Please download the full abstract below

Renaturation of cytochrome C dissolved in polar phosphonate-type ionic liquids using highly polar zwitterions

We present a method for the renaturation of denatured cytochrome c in a phosphonate-type ionic liquid with the addition of a suitable zwitterion and a small amount of water. The polarity of zwitterions was found to be a critical property for the renaturation of cytochrome c. The renatured cytochrome c was reduced by the addition of sodium dithionite, suggesting that the renatured cytochrome c retains its redox ability. © 2017 The Chemical Society of Japan

Duration of Postoperative Fever as a Simple and Useful Prognostic Indicator in Gastric Cancer Patients

[Background] Postoperative inflammation is associated with cancer progression in several cancers. However, the prognostic significance of postoperative fever remains unclear in gastric cancer patients. [Methods] We enrolled 442 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent curative surgery. [Results] The mean duration of postoperative fever ≥ 37°C was 8.7 days (range: 0–186 days) and significantly longer in patients with advanced gastric cancer, venous invasion, and open or total gastrectomy vs. patients with early gastric cancer (P = 0.0072), no venous invasion (P = 0.025), laparoscopic gastrectomy (P = 0.027), and either proximal or distal partial gastrectomy (P = 0.0015). Five-year overall survival rates were 69.5% vs. 83.6% in the prolonged postoperative fever group (≥ 6 days of ≥ 37°C) vs. the nonprolonged group (< 6 days of ≥ 37°C), respectively (P = 0.0008). In patients without Clavien-Dindo classification postoperative infectious complications grade ≥ 2, 5-year overall survival was 69.7% vs. 84.0% in patients with prolonged postoperative fever vs. those without, respectively (P = 0.0067). Five-year disease-specific survival was 85.9% vs. 93.1% in patients with prolonged fever vs. those without, respectively (P = 0.041). Multivariate analysis indicated that postoperative fever was an independent prognostic indicator. [Conclusion] Postoperative fever ≥ 37°C duration may be useful in predicting prognosis in gastric cancer patients

2D Slice-driven Physics-based 3D Motion Estimation Framework for Pancreatic Radiotherapy

Pancreatic diseases are difficult to treat with high doses of radiation, as they often present both periodic and aperiodic deformations. Nevertheless, we expect that these difficulties can be overcome, and treatment results may be improved with the practical use of a device that can capture 2D slices of organs during irradiation. However, since only a few 2D slices can be taken, the 3D motion needs to be estimated from partially observed information. In this study, we propose a physics-based framework for estimating the 3D motion of organs, regardless of periodicity, from motion information obtained by 2D slices in one or more directions and a regression model that estimates the accuracy of the proposed framework to select the optimal slice. Using information obtained by slice-to-slice registration and setting the surrounding organs as boundaries, the framework drives the physical models for estimating 3D motion. The R2 score of the proposed regression model was greater than 0.9, and the RMSE was 0.357 mm. The mean errors were 5.11 $\pm$ 1.09 mm using an axial slice and 2.13 $\pm$ 0.598 mm using concurrent axial, sagittal, and coronal slices. Our results suggest that the proposed framework is comparable to volume-to-volume registration, and is feasible

A Sub-mW MPEG-4 Motion Estimation Processor Core for Mobile Video Application

This paper describes a sub-mW motion estimation processor core for MPEG-4 video encoding. It features a gradient descent search (GDS) algorithm that reduces required computational complexity to 15 MOPS. The GDS algorithm combined with a sub-block search method upgrades picture quality. The quality is almost equal to that of a full search method. An SIMD datapath architecture optimized for the algorithm decreases a clock frequency and supply voltage. A dedicated three-port SRAM macro for image data caches of the processor is newly designed to reduce power consumption. It has been fabricated with 0.18-/spl mu/m five-layer metal CMOS technology. The VLSI processing QCIF 15-f/s video consumes 0.4-mW power at 0.85-MHz clock frequency with 1.0-V supply voltage. It is applicable to mobile video applications