Genetic Variation in Three Breeds of Indonesian Local Ducks Based on Blood and Egg White Protein Polymorphism

A study of genetic variation of four blood protein loci and three egg white loci in three breeds ofIndonesian local ducks (Magelang duck = MAD, Tegal duck = TED and Mojosari duck= MOD) wasinvestigated by using polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The result showed that four bloodprotein loci (Pre-albumin, Albumin, Transferrin and Post-transferrin) and three egg white loci(Ovalbumin, Ovoglobulin and Conalbumin) were found to be polymorphic in three breeds of localducks. There was no difference on blood and egg white protein polyimorphism. The average value ofheterozygosity on three breeds of local ducks had a genetic potential to determine the controlled matingsystem and selection to obtain pure line. The closest phylogenetic relationship among the three breeds oflocal ducks occurred between MAD and TED

The Genetic Diversity of Kejobong Goat Based on Cytochrome B Gene

The purpose of this research was to identify Kejobong goat based on Cytochrome b gene variationby Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Sequencing technique and to analyze the genetic relationship byusing phylogenetic tree. Materials used were blood sample of 12 heads of Kejobong goat fromKaligondang, Pengadegan, Kejobong, and Bukateja Districts. The steps of this research included DNAextraction, PCR, electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Forward primer 5'-tggaatctaaccatgaccaatg-3 'andreverse 3'-ggctattctccttttctggttt-5' were used in PCR process. The results of sequences were thenanalyzed by ClustalW in the MEGA 5. The result of this study showed that DNA could be extractedwell. The good results obtained from sequenced for about 779 bp at the nucleotide of 238 to 1016 inCytochrome b. A total of 7 codons diverse sites were detected (sites of 103; 122; 165; 167; 198; 215 and284) at Kejobong goats. There was change in amino acid at 2 sites, those were at 165 sites (*) replacedby (W) in K1 and K2 samples, and at 215 sites (T) replaced by (A) in all samples of Kejobong goats.Kejobong goats at 4 Districts had low genetic distance (0.000-0.001). The analysis of Cytochrome bgene of Kejobong goats originated from different area showed the high similarity and a close geneticrelationship

Identification of BMP15 Exon 2 for Fecundity Traits by PCR-RFLP and Nucleotide Sequencies in Kejobong Goat

Kejobong goat is known as prolific and high productivity goat breed in Indonesia. PCR-RFLP and sequencing technique was established in the present study to accomplish the polymorphisms of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) gene exon 2 on Kejobong goat does. The blood samples was collected from 48 Kejobong does which were selected based on their litter size. The size of PCR amplification of BMP15 gene exon 2 was 837 bp. The product of PCR-RFLP technique digested by HinfI enzyme showed that the samples were monomorphic. Authentication result using nucleotide sequencing found 4 substitution (A391G, C464G, T828C and C830G), 1 alignment gap (site 817) and 1 insertion nucleotide (site 822). This mutations caused 6 haplotypes formatted. The mutants of BMP15 exon 2 on Kejobong goats indicated that this breed had their own mutation controling the prolific trait. The phylogenetic tree build on the sequences of BMP15 gene exon 2 of Kejobong goats was grouped into 3 clusters. The alignment gap indicated to be the specific marker for the prolific trait (duplet) in Kejobong goat. The particular insertion site could be the recognition site of Kejobong goat based on BMP15 exon 2

Genetic Gains of Milk Yield and Milk Composition as Realized Response to Dairy Cow Selection in Bbptu-hpt Baturraden, Indonesia

The aims of this study were to estimate the heritabilities, examine the effects of dairy femaleselection and calculate the genetic gains on milk yield and milk composition in Baturraden Dairy CattleBreeding and Forage Centre (Balai Besar Perbibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak /BBPTU–HPT Baturraden), Indonesia. The first lactation records of 221 dairy cows from 2006 to 2014were used. Heritabilities were estimated by paternal half-sib correlation. Comparison of averageperformances between daughter population (Ā) and initial dam population before selection ( ) wereconducted by Z-test. Annual genetic gain was calculated as genetic gain per generation (the differencesbetween Ā dan ) divided by generation interval. Heritabilities for milk fat percentage (FP), milk fatyield (FY), milk protein percentage (PP) and milk protein yield (PY) were 0.46, 0.30, 0.28 and 0.17,respectively. A significant increase (P=0.025) in the total milk yield (TMY) from the first generation(G1) to the second generation (G2) resulted in a high significant decrease in the FP (P=0.004). Geneticgains of TMY, FP and PP were 9.76 kg, -0.04% and -0.01% per year, respectively. It is concluded thatselection for higher TMY only negatively affect FP and PP. Selection can be applied based on FY to avoid the decrease of FP. Negative effects of genetic-environmental interaction resulted in slowergenetic gain because the imported cows needed time to adapt to the local environment

Multivariate Analysis of the Morphological Traits of Female Duck, Muscovy-duck and Mule-duck

The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of morphometrical measurements inthe female waterfowls. The animals used in this research were 90 ducks , 90 muscovy-ducks and 90mule-ducks in Bulukumba district of Brebes regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Parameters measuredwere maxilla length, neck length, body length, chest circumstance, wing length, chest length, femurlength and tibia length. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System ver. 9.1. Muscovyduckgenerally had the largest of size, followed by mule-duck and then duck. The most discriminantvariables were showed by chest length and chest circumstance. Muscovy-duck and mule-duck hadclosest genetic distance (3.974870) than both of the distance between duck and mule duck (14.10), andmuscovy-duck and duck (24.73). The smallest errorness level in grouping was showed in duck 1%followed by 2% in mule-duck and 3% in muscovy-duck

Kualitas Semen Berdasarkan Umur pada Sapi Jantan Jawa

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of age on semen quality in Java bull. This research was conducted from July to August 2011, and continued in June 2012, located at farmer group of Cikoneng Sejahtera, Banjarharjo, Brebes, Central Java. The materials used were 8 heads of Java bulls, those were 2 heads of <2 years old, 3 heads of 2-3 years old, and 3 heads of >3 years old. All of materials were raised at farmer group in the same management. A number of bulls at each age group were assumed as the replication. Statistical design used was One Way Classification with unbalanced data. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, then followed by Duncan test if there is effect of the bull age. The results showed that age affects semen volume, but did not affect other parameters such as color, pH, consistency, concentration, motility, mortality and normality

Amino Acid Diversity on the Basis of Cytochrome B Gene in Kacang and Ettawa Grade Goats

The objectives of study were to identify and assess the amino acid diversity of Cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene, genetic marker and characteristic of specific amino acid in Kacang and Ettawa Grade goat. Nineteen heads of Kacang goat (KG) and twelve heads of Ettawa Grade goat (EG) were purposively sampled. The genomic DNA was isolated by Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Geneaid) and amplified Cyt b using PCR method with CytbCapF and CytbCapR primers and was sequenced. The results showed that there were two specific amino acids that distinguish KG and EG goat with C. hircus and C. aegagrus and four specific amino acids that distinguish KG and EG goat with C. falconeri, but there were no specific amino acids can be used as a genetic marker to distinguish between Kacang and EG goat. In conclusion, specific amino acids in Cyt b gene can be used as a genetic marker among KG and EG goat with 3 goat others comparator