Vitamin D Serum Level in Patients with Schizophrenia in West Java, Indonesia

Background: Vitamin D is an immune-regulator that influences the neuro-inflammation process in schizophrenia. The study aimed to explore the vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients at the outpatient clinic of the Provincial Mental Hospital, West Java, Indonesia.Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted in November-December 2019 using secondary data of all-male schizophrenic patients at the Provincial Mental Hospital. Data collected were demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and vitamin D Level. Scoring was then performed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess the positive and negative symptoms as well as the cognitive symptoms based on the serum vitamin D levels.Result: All male schizophrenic patients had a low serum vitamin D level (mean16.67±5.6ng/ml) with 64.52% of them had vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml). Interestingly, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a negative symptom (mean22.1±5.6ng/ml) whereas those with vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/ml) had a positive symptom (mean 18.55±5.6ng/ml). Furthermore, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a lower impaired cognitive function value (mean 19.7±3.4ng/ml) compared to those with vitamin D insufficiency.Conclusions: A low vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding

Daily Living Performance in Schizophrenic Patients in Correlation with Positive and Negative Symptoms

Background: Schizophrenia is a global mental health problem. Patients experience problems in their daily-living performance. Positive and negative symptoms have been part of characteristics of schizophrenia that are absent in normal individuals, which include a distinctive fundamental distortion of thoughts and perception (positive symptoms) and loss of normal function and behavior (negative symptoms). This study aimed to explore the correlation between positive and negative symptoms and daily-living performance in schizophrenia. Methods: A correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted using secondary data from the Outpatient Clinic of the Mental Hospital of West Java Province. Data on socio-demographic characteristics were collected and positive and negative symptoms as assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale or Subscales (PANSS) were correlated with the activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which were further analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test.Results: In total, 31 male schizophrenic patients aged between 24-45 years old. There was no significant correlation between ADLs dependency levels and both positive and negative symptoms. However, there was a significant correlation between IADLs function and positive symptoms and not with negative symptoms.Conclusions: Even though no correlation was identified between ADLs dependency levels with positive and negative symptoms, the ADLs and IADLs assessments should be considered as important tools for schizophrenic patients for rehabilitation to improve daily-living functioning

Effectiveness of Multimedia and Education using Lecturing Method on Role of Vitamin D for Health Cadres

Objective: To investigate the differences in the effectiveness of learning methods between multimedia and lecture methods on benefits of vitamin D for health from the perspective of health cadres' knowledge,. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a pre-and post-test design. The knowledge of health cadres was assessed using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed before and after the health cadres received vitamin D education by two different methods. Data analysis was conducted using paired and independent t-test with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: A total of 59 health cadres participated in this study. Prior to education, the median test score for the multimedia group was 9.45, while the median test score for the lecture group was 82.70. After the education, the multimedia group and the lecture group got a median test score of 10.84. The multimedia method and lecture method significantly increased health cadres' knowledge with p-values of <0.02 and 0.003, respectively. There was no difference in the multimedia method's effectiveness compared to the lecture method in increasing the knowledge of health workers about vitamin D's role in health (p=0.62). Conclusion: The multimedia education method is as effective as the lecture method in increasing health cadres' knowledge about the role of vitamin D in health.

PELATIHAN KADER REMAJA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN KETRAMPILAN TENTANG MANAJEMEN DISMENORHEA

Dismenorea merupakan masalah yang cukup krusial bagi para remaja perempuan karena dapat mengganggu aktivitas. Dismenorea menyebabkan mual, muntah, diare, sakit kepala, lemas, dan nyeri punggung sehingga dapat menurunkan konsentrasi dalam belajar. Manajemen dismenore ini perlu dilakukan supaya remaja putri mengetahui manajemen yang sesuai agar remaja bisa menangani permasalahannya yang dihadapi setiap bulannyaTujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk Mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan kader remaja terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dan ketrampilan tentang manajemen dismenore di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Buluspesantren II.Jenis penelitian quasy eksperimen. Sampel sebanyak 34 remaja menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisa pengetahuan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon dan ketrampilan menggunakan uji t-test paired.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ada pengaruh pelatihan kader remaja terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang manajemen dismenore dengan nilai p 0,000 dan ada pengaruh pelatihan kader remaja terhadap ketrampilan tentang manajemen dismenore dengan nilai p 0,000.Bagi pengelola posyandu remaja desa agar bekerja sama dinas terkait terutama puskesmas untuk menyelengagarakan pelatihan ataupun penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi remaja secara berkala