Adapting legume crops to climate change using genomic approaches

Our agricultural system and hence food security is threatened by combination of events, such as increasing population, the impacts of climate change, and the need to a more sustainable development. Evolutionary adaptation may help some species to overcome environmental changes through new selection pressures driven by climate change. However, success of evolutionary adaptation is dependent on various factors, one of which is the extent of genetic variation available within species. Genomic approaches provide an exceptional opportunity to identify genetic variation that can be employed in crop improvement programs. In this review, we illustrate some of the routinely used genomics‐based methods as well as recent breakthroughs, which facilitate assessment of genetic variation and discovery of adaptive genes in legumes. Although additional information is needed, the current utility of selection tools indicate a robust ability to utilize existing variation among legumes to address the challenges of climate uncertainty

Breeding Fusarium resistant lupin forms for agricultural environment of Russia based on ecologico-geographical approach

Fusarium wilt is the most harmful soil-borne disease of lupins in Russia and in the Ukraine. The aim of the studies was to find broad resistance to disease in collection accessions and to breed lupin forms resistant to Fusarium wilt for the future breeding program. Lupin cultivars and lines (547 accessions) from the genebank of the N.I. Vavilov All Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg, Russia, were tested for Fusarium resistance under different environmental conditions of three regions in Russia and in the Ukraine on plots with artificially infested soil. So, differences in the disease susceptibility of the same accessions were found in contrasting environments. Resistant forms from one region were crossed with accessions showing their resistance in two other regions to accumulate resistance genes in new genotypes. As a result of hybridization two transgressive forms were obtained in F₄ of the crosses cv. Frost × cv. Apendrilon (L. angustifolius) and line G-413 × line 85 (L. luleus). Their resistance in all three regions appeared to be higher than that of their parental forms. These two lines were found suitable for the breeding programme of Fusarium resistant forms in Russia and in the Ukraine

On Geoneutrinos

Experimental data on geoneutrinos allow to admit that masses of U, Th and K in the Earth can be up to mU = 1.7 · 1017 kg, mTh = 6.7 · 1017 kg and mK/mEarth ~ 2%. These values correspond to intrinsic Earth heat flux in ~300 TW. The most part of this flux goes up in rift zones as a heated gases. Argo Project results and the measurements of the Moon intrinsic heat flux support the existence of such a big flux. So large of U, Th, K abundances were predicted by Adjusted Hydridic Earth model

On Geoneutrinos

Experimental data on geoneutrinos allow to admit that masses of U, Th and K in the Earth can be up to mU = 1.7 · 1017 kg, mTh = 6.7 · 1017 kg and mK/mEarth ~ 2%. These values correspond to intrinsic Earth heat flux in ~300 TW. The most part of this flux goes up in rift zones as a heated gases. Argo Project results and the measurements of the Moon intrinsic heat flux support the existence of such a big flux. So large of U, Th, K abundances were predicted by Adjusted Hydridic Earth model

On Geoneutrinos

Experimental data on geoneutrinos allow to admit that masses of U, Th and K in the Earth can be up to mU = 1.7 · 1017 kg, mTh = 6.7 · 1017 kg and mK/mEarth ~ 2%. These values correspond to intrinsic Earth heat flux in ~300 TW. The most part of this flux goes up in rift zones as a heated gases. Argo Project results and the measurements of the Moon intrinsic heat flux support the existence of such a big flux. So large of U, Th, K abundances were predicted by Adjusted Hydridic Earth model