OXIDIZING STRESS AND SPERM QUALITY IN DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS IN MEN ADJUSTED TO REGIONAL SPECIFIC (LITERATURE REVIEW)

We analyzed and summarized research data concerning considerable deterioration of reproductive function in men form different ethnic groups during the last decades. These changes are expressed not only in deterioration of spermatogenesis, but also in appearance of an oxidative stress signs in blood serum and ejaculate in men of reproductive age. The analysis of domestic and foreign publications indicates that oxidative stress is accompanying and/or plays one of pathogenic role in development of many types of reproductive disorders in men of various ethnic groups. The state of health of the male population affected by factors related to lifestyle, environment, population genotype. Frequency and clinical manifestations of pathology of the male reproductive system depend on the combinatorial impact of the environment influences exerted more often during the growing effect. A combination of several, even the weakest, but unidirectionally influencing factors, makes the risk of the development of the male reproductive pathology very high

ASSESSMENT OF REPRODUOTiVE POTENTiAL OF MEN

The article summarizes and analyzes literature data concerning significant degradation of basic indicators of reproductive function of teenage boys and of men of reproductive age. Sharp decrease of fertility and sexual activity of young and middle-aged men is registered in industrialized countries including Russia in recent decades. The results of researches of infertility causes among fertility-challenged couples shows that "male factor" accounts for about a half of the cases. Data about progressing tendency of degradation of children's and adolescents' reproductive health causes particular concern. The diseases of child and adolescent gestation period cause almost a half of the cases of male infertility. The reason of it is the complex of negative factors influencing the population, including growth of stress-producing social factors, sharp aggravation of the ecological situation, increase of quantity of impaired development cases, inadequate use of medicines, alcoholism, smoking, drug addiction and many other things. This situation is considered to be critical, its significance causes carrying out complex researches of reproductive potential of the man population of Russia

FEATURES OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN VARIOUS PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN MEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

In a review of the literature shows the data from studies of changes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection, in blood and semen of men of reproductive age in various pathological conditions. The analysis of survey data of men with various disorders of the reproductive system, indicates a change in the indices of lipid, peroxidation, antioxidant protection, indicating that the development of their oxidative stress

Pro- and Antioxidant Activity in the Blood of Adolescents of Different Ethnic Groups

Background. Processes of antioxidant protection in different ethnicities, living in the same geographical conditions, are of undoubted scientific interest. The ratio of activity of oxidative processes and antioxidant components not only reflects, but also largely determines the metabolism and adaptive capabilities of the organism. The key issue in understanding the regulatory and adaptive role of lipid peroxidation reactions in the body is the idea of the existence of a certain balance with the antioxidant defense system.Aims: to study the features of the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in adolescents of different ethnicities, living in Eastern Siberia.Materials and methods. Parameters of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were determined in the blood serum by spectrophotometric methods.Results. We found that adolescent Buryat boys had statistically significant decrease in primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation: ketodienes and conjugated trienes, malondialdehyde, and components of antioxidant protection: retinol, α-tocopherol, the level of total antioxidant activity of blood and reduced glutathione, in comparison with Caucasian adolescents. In Caucasian adolescents with endocrine disorders, there was a statistically significant increase in the level of ketodienes and conjugated trienes, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase against the background of a decrease of reduced glutathione, tocopherol, and retinol. We revealed a significant increase in the concentration of ketodienes and conjugated trienes and a decrease of the oxidized glutathione in adolescents with endocrine disorders in comparison with healthy adolescents of Buryat ethnicity.Conclusions. Studying of the processes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system of the organism can be used as an additional criterion for complex examination of practically healthy adolescents, which significantly enhance the representation about the adaptation possibilities of the organism to external conditions and can become a basis for effective examination of reproductive health in the future

Development of super-professional competencies of the production personnel in the context of university supplementary education programs

In the article, the authors explore development of super-professional competencies of the production personnel of enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Here are the most popular supplementary education programs implemented by UrFU and UrGEU and ensuring formation of professional and super-professional competencies effectiveness of which ensures competitive ability of employees and ability of enterprises themselves to switch over to the neo-industrial way of their development. Authors also suggested an express-method of assessing a quality of development of super-professional competencies of personnel in the context of universities. This method has been tested at production personnel of the enterprises of JSC EVRAZ NTMK and JSC 'Research and production corporation 'UralVagonZavod' who listened to supplementary education programs. Results that have been received confirm necessity of creation of centers of supplementary vocational education expanding implementation of spectrum of competence-based university programs for development of super-professional competencies of the production personnel of enterprises of the military-industrial complex. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

ANALYSIS OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION STATE IN INFERTILE MEN OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS

An important role in the pathogenesis of male infertility belongs activation of free radical oxidation. Intensification lipoperoxide processes occur together with a decrease in antioxidant protection. According to a study of two ethnic groups found that in men of reproductive age with Russian nationality infertility is most pronounced imbalance in the lipid peroxidation antioxidant protection compared to infertile men Buryat nationality. Reducing the concentration offat-soluble antioxidants (retinol, α-tocopherol) in the blood of Russian men with infertility say about the development of oxidative stress. In men, the Buryat nationality decreasing trend of antioxidant defense enzyme, primarily reduced the level of superoxide dismutase. Perhaps the decreased activity of superoxide dismutase in our study is related either to the depletion of its activity, or the inhibition of lipid peroxidation products. The increased level of lipid peroxidation is associated with a reduction in the antioxidant capacity of the system, which is unable to cope with overproduction of reactive oxygen species and, as a result, the processes of oxidative modification of lipids. The materials for biochemical studies were blood serum and red cells. The total antioxidant activity of serum and the content of its components (superoxide dismutase, α-tocopherol, retinol, blood-reduced glutathione, oxidized glutatione) were evaluated by a spectrofluorofotometer "SHIMADZU-1501" (Japan). Statistical analysis was performed by parametric tests. The study was supported by grants of the President of the Council of the Russian Federation (Scientific School 494.2012.7)

LIPID PEROXIDATION IN MEN WITH INFERTILITY

There are many causal factors infringing reproductive health of men, including overweight that is associated with dysfunction of such system as lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection. According to the results of study of two groups of infertile men with different body mass index we found that men with excess body weight have more pronounced imbalance in the system of lipid peroxidation compared to infertile men with normal body weight. As a material for biochemical studies we used blood serum. Content of substrates for lipid peroxidation - the compounds with isolated double bonds and products of lipid peroxidation processes (diene conjugates, ketodienes and conjugated trienes, thiobarbituric acid active substances) - were determined on spektrofluorofotometre «SH1MADZU-1501» (Japan). At the analysis of intergroup differences for independent samples parametric Student's T-criterion was used