Roles of Log-concavity, log-convexity, and growth order in white noise analysis

In this paper we will develop a systematic method to answer the questions $(Q1)(Q2)(Q3)(Q4)$ (stated in Section 1) with complete generality. As a result, we can solve the difficulties $(D1)(D2)$ (discussed in Section 1) without uncertainty. For these purposes we will introduce certain classes of growth functions $u$ and apply the Legendre transform to obtain a sequence which leads to the weight sequence \{\a(n)\} first studied by Cochran et al. \cite{cks}. The notion of (nearly) equivalent functions, (nearly) equivalent sequences and dual Legendre functions will be defined in a very natural way. An application to the growth order of holomorphic functions on \ce_c will also be discussed.Comment: To appear in Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 4 (2001). Universidade da Madeira CCM preprint 37 (1999

Characterization of Hida Measures in white noise analysis

The main purpose of this work is to prove Theorem 4.4, so-called, the characterization theorem of Hida measures (generalized measures). As examples of such measures, we shall present the Poisson noise measure and the Grey noise measure in Example 4.5 and 4.6, respectively.Comment: Preprint, July 199

Isolation of Yeast DNA Replication Mutants in Permeabilized Cells

A random population of temperature-sensitive mutants was screened by assaying for defects in DNA synthesis in a permeabilized yeast DNA replication system. Twenty mutants defective in in vitro DNA synthesis have been isolated. In this paper we describe eight of these mutants. Seven of them fall into three complementation groups--cdc2, cdc8, and cdc16--involved in the control of the cell-division cycle. Because synthesis in vitro represents propagation of replication forks active in vivo at the time of permeabilization, our finding that cdc2 and cdc16 mutants can incorporate dTMP into DNA in such permeabilized cells at 23 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C supports the conclusion that these two mutations directly affect DNA synthesis at replication forks. Such an involvement was previously suggested by in vivo analysis for CDC2 but was less clear for CDC16. Finally, the usefulness of our screening procedure is demonstrated by the isolation of replication mutants in previously undescribed complementation groups. One strain shows a serious defect in in vivo DNA synthesis but normal RNA synthesis

Socioeconomic geography of organic agriculture in the United States, 2007-2012

Recent trends have shown that organic agriculture in the United States may longer form a homogeneous group. To better understand the spatial pattern of organic farming, the overall research objective is to examine organic agriculture and its ecological, technological, and socioeconomic correlates based on an agroecosystem framework combining Hernandez\u27s model and Flora and Flora\u27s community capitals framework. Using multiple measures of organic agriculture at the meso-scale during the period between 2007 and 2012, results from cluster analysis indicate that the typology of N=3,069 counties includes a majority of Low Intensity places, two groups of Moderate and High Intensity clusters that have seen a relatively large concentrate of organic farms and sales, and a small number of counties in clusters of Growing Farms and Growing Sales are rapidly expanding in place dominated by conventional agriculture. Through multinomial logistic regression, regional differences of organic farming are strongly associated with environmental factors such as climate and topography. Although technology employment has little effects on organic production, organic intensive places tend to have more diverse farm operations by having more women operators and direct sales to people and the community. Results show mixed support to link organic production systems with better socioeconomic settings. Places with moderate organic activity generally are more ethnically diverse and better educated. Nevertheless, they tend to have high dependency ratio. Places with high intensity organic production have higher labor force participation and higher community engagement; they also have higher rates of poverty. Further, organic market expansion is also associated with the services economy, for moderate intensity places tend to have more services occupations and organic service enterprises. To identify significant patterns of organic spatial dependence, a local indicator of spatial association (LISA) using G* statistic is used to examine local pocket of spatial concentration. Results indicate that organic hot spots are primarily located in the New England, along the Pacific Coast, around the Northern Great Lakes, and in the Mountain West. In terms of organic geography, high (low) organic places tend to be located near other high (low) organic places. Despite government support of organic farming has mostly been limited to creating a legislative standard and organic certification, the findings bring awareness that indirect political influences through the markets such as farm-to-school program are more likely to assist with the organic development. While higher intensive of organic production exhibits signs of conventionalization because they tend to be large-scale and capital intensive, the results didn\u27t find that smaller organic growers are been marginalized. By contrast, small- and middle-sized organic production tends to stay true to the traditional and movement-oriented organic. To broadly capture the organic heterogeneity, this study suggests more analytical attention to complex interactions among environmental, socioeconomic, and political drivers, ranging from agricultural nature, such as historical geography, to local socioeconomic contexts and the corresponding community-embedded relations