19,259 research outputs found
Shell model description of the 14C dating beta decay with Brown-Rho-scaled NN interactions
We present shell model calculations for the beta-decay of the 14C ground
state to the 14N ground state, treating the states of the A=14 multiplet as two
0p holes in an 16O core. We employ low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN)
interactions derived from the realistic Bonn-B potential and find that the
Gamow-Teller matrix element is too large to describe the known lifetime. By
using a modified version of this potential that incorporates the effects of
Brown-Rho scaling medium modifications, we find that the GT matrix element
vanishes for a nuclear density around 85% that of nuclear matter. We find that
the splitting between the (J,T)=(1+,0) and (J,T)=(0+,1) states in 14N is
improved using the medium-modified Bonn-B potential and that the transition
strengths from excited states of 14C to the 14N ground state are compatible
with recent experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures Updated to include referee comments/suggestion
Microscopic Restoration of Proton-Neutron Mixed Symmetry in Weakly Collective Nuclei
Starting from the microscopic low-momentum nucleon-nucleon interaction V{low
k}, we present the first systematic shell model study of magnetic moments and
magnetic dipole transition strengths of the basic low-energy one-quadrupole
phonon excitations in nearly-spherical nuclei. Studying in particular the
even-even N=52 isotones from 92Zr to 100Cd, we find the predicted evolution of
the predominantly proton-neutron non-symmetric state reveals a restoration of
collective proton-neutron mixed-symmetry structure near mid-shell. This
provides the first explanation for the existence of pronounced collective
mixed-symmetry structures in weakly-collective nuclei.Comment: 5 Pages, 3 figure
Distance-two labelings of digraphs
For positive integers , an -labeling of a digraph is a
function from into the set of nonnegative integers such that
if is adjacent to in and if
is of distant two to in . Elements of the image of are called
labels. The -labeling problem is to determine the
-number of a digraph , which
is the minimum of the maximum label used in an -labeling of . This
paper studies - numbers of digraphs. In particular, we
determine - numbers of digraphs whose longest dipath is of
length at most 2, and -numbers of ditrees having dipaths
of length 4. We also give bounds for -numbers of bipartite
digraphs whose longest dipath is of length 3. Finally, we present a linear-time
algorithm for determining -numbers of ditrees whose
longest dipath is of length 3.Comment: 12 pages; presented in SIAM Coference on Discrete Mathematics, June
13-16, 2004, Loews Vanderbilt Plaza Hotel, Nashville, TN, US
Family of Hermitian Low-Momentum Nucleon Interactions with Phase Shift Equivalence
Using a Schmidt orthogonalization transformation, a family of Hermitian
low-momentum NN interactions is derived from the non-Hermitian Lee-Suzuki (LS)
low-momentum NN interaction. As special cases, our transformation reproduces
the Hermitian interactions for Okubo and Andreozzi. Aside from their common
preservation of the deuteron binding energy, these Hermitian interactions are
shown to be phase shift equivalent, all preserving the empirical phase shifts
up to decimation scale Lambda. Employing a solvable matrix model, the Hermitian
interactions given by different orthogonalization transformations are studied;
the interactions can be very different from each other particularly when there
is a strong intruder state influence. However, because the parent LS
low-momentum NN interaction is only slightly non-Hermitian, the Hermitian
low-momentum nucleon interactions given by our transformations, including the
Okubo and Andreozzi ones, are all rather similar to each other. Shell model
matrix elements given by the LS and several Hermitian low-momentum interactions
are compared.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Spin gap behavior in CuScGeO by Sc nuclear magnetic resonance
We report the results of a Sc nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study
on the quasi-one-dimensional compound CuScGeO at
temperatures between 4 and 300 K. This material has been a subject of current
interest due to indications of spin gap behavior. The temperature-dependent NMR
shift exhibits a character of low-dimensional magnetism with a negative broad
maximum at 170 K. Below , the NMR shifts and
spin lattice relaxation rates clearly indicate activated responses, confirming
the existence of a spin gap in CuScGe% O. The experimental
NMR data can be well fitted to the spin dimer model, yielding a spin gap value
of about 275 K which is close to the 25 meV peak found in the inelastic neutron
scattering measurement. A detailed analysis further points out that the nearly
isolated dimer picture is proper for the understanding of spin gap nature in
CuScGeO.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
- …