Partially hydrolyzed guar gum supplement reduces high-fat diet increased blood lipids and oxidative stress and ameliorates FeCl3-induced acute arterial injury in hamsters

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperlipidemia can promote arterial thrombus. We evaluated the potential of a partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) as dietary fiber on lipid profiles and FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis in the high fat-diet fed hamsters. Our in vitro results found that PHGG is efficient to scavenge O2-•, H2O2, and HOCl. High fat-diet increased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and accelerated FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis formation (from 463 ± 51 to 303 ± 45 sec). Low dose PHGG supplement significantly decreased the total cholesterol, LDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and delayed the time for arterial thrombosis formation (528 ± 75 sec). High dose PHGG supplement decreased the level in triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL and further delayed the time for arterial thrombus (671 ± 36 sec). The increased Bax protein and decreased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression was found in the carotid and femoral arteries of high fat-diet hamsters. Low and high dose of PHGG supplement decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression. We found that FeCl3 significantly enhanced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and 4-hydroxynonenal expression in the endothelial site of damaged artery after 150-sec FeCl3 stimulation. PHGG supplement decreased the endothelial ICAM-1 and 4-hydroxynonenal expression after 150-sec FeCl3 stimulation. Based on these results, we conclude that PHGG supplement can increase antioxidant protein expression and thus decrease oxidative stress induced arterial injury

Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Supplement Reduces High-Fat Diet Increased Blood Lipids and Oxidative Stress and Ameliorates Fecl3-Induced Acute Arterial Injury in Hamsters

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperlipidemia can promote arterial thrombus. We evaluated the potential of a partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) as dietary fiber on lipid profiles and FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis in the high fat-diet fed hamsters. Our in vitro results found that PHGG is efficient to scavenge O-2-center dot, H2O2, and HOCl . High fat-diet increased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and accelerated FeCl3- induced arterial thrombosis formation (from 463 +/- 51 to 303 +/- 45 sec). Low dose PHGG supplement significantly decreased the total cholesterol, LDL, methylguanidine and dityrosine level and delayed the time for arterial thrombosis formation ( 528 +/- 75 sec). High dose PHGG supplement decreased the level in triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL and further delayed the time for arterial thrombus ( 671 +/- 36 sec). The increased Bax protein and decreased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression was found in the carotid and femoral arteries of high fat-diet hamsters. Low and high dose of PHGG supplement decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 and HSP-70 protein expression. We found that FeCl3 significantly enhanced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and 4- hydroxynonenal expression in the endothelial site of damaged artery after 150-sec FeCl3 stimulation. PHGG supplement decreased the endothelial ICAM- 1 and 4- hydroxynonenal expression after 150-sec FeCl3 stimulation. Based on these results, we conclude that PHGG supplement can increase antioxidant protein expression and thus decrease oxidative stress induced arterial injury

Contralateral breast lesions detected by breast MRI study - An analysis of 735 Taiwanese women with primary operable breast cancer

Purpose: Women with unilateral breast cancer are at an increased risk for the development of contralateral breast cancers. In this study, we evaluated the incidence and pathology of contralateral breast cancer detection by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Taiwanese women with primary operable breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received preoperative breast MRI and underwent operation for breast cancer at single institution between January 2011 and December 2013 was conducted. The incidence, pathology, and management methods of MRI-detected contralateral breast lesions were reported and analyzed. Results: A total of 735 patients enrolled in the current study, and 70 patients (9.5%) were found to have contralateral breast lesions detected by preoperative MRI. Among these 70 patients, 44 (62.9%) received surgical intervention for the MRI-detected contralateral occult lesions. Malignancy was detected in the final pathologic specimen in 21 (47.7%) patients, and benign lesions found in 23 (52.3%) patients. Among these 21 MRI-detected occult contralateral breast cancers, there were 7 (33.3%) invasive ductal carcinoma, 1 (4.8%) mucinous carcinoma, and 13 (61.9%) ductal carcinoma in situ. Compared with the pathology of the 735 primary operable breast cancers, MRI-detected contralateral breast cancer was associated with higher in situ carcinoma (61.9% vs. 15.9%, P < 0.01). The positive predictive value of MRI was 37.7%, eight of 28 MRI Breast Image Reporting and Data System(BI RADS)-4 cases had a pathological malignancy; nine of 17 MRI BI RADS-5 cases had a pathological malignancy. Conclusion: In women with known unilateral breast cancer, 2.9% of patients were diagnosed to have synchronous contralateral breast cancer when combined with preoperative breast MRI evaluation. Adequate biopsy or surgical strategy should be discussed in patients whose preoperative breast MRI showed contralateral occult lesions with suspicious for malignancy

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Suppresses Proliferation and Survival of TW2.6 Human Oral Cancer Cells via Inhibition of Akt Signaling

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a bioactive component extracted from honeybee hive propolis. Our observations indicated that CAPE treatment suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of TW2.6 human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells dose-dependently. CAPE treatment decreased G1 phase cell population, increased G2/M phase cell population, and induced apoptosis in TW2.6 cells. Treatment with CAPE decreased protein abundance of Akt, Akt1, Akt2, Akt3, phospho-Akt Ser473, phospho-Akt Thr 308, GSK3β, FOXO1, FOXO3a, phospho-FOXO1 Thr24, phospho-FoxO3a Thr32, NF-κB, phospho-NF-κB Ser536, Rb, phospho-Rb Ser807/811, Skp2, and cyclin D1, but increased cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip. Overexpression of Akt1 or Akt2 in TW2.6 cells rescued growth inhibition caused by CAPE treatment. Co-treating TW2.6 cells with CAPE and 5-fluorouracil, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for oral cancers, exhibited additive cell proliferation inhibition. Our study suggested that administration of CAPE is a potential adjuvant therapy for patients with OSCC oral cancer