MOESM5 of HOXA repression is mediated by nucleoporin Nup93 assisted by its interactors Nup188 and Nup205

Additional file 5: Table S1. List of ChIP-qPCR primers. Table S2. List of RT-PCR primers. Table S3. Antibodies and their dilutions used in this study

INDQ/NO, a Bioreductively Activated Nitric Oxide Prodrug

The design, synthesis, and development of INDQ/NO, a novel nitric oxide (NO) prodrug targeted by a bioreductive trigger, are described. INDQ/NO, an indolequinone-diazeniumdiolate is found to be metabolized to produce NO by DT-diaphorase, a bioreductive enzyme that is overexpressed in certain cancers and hypoxic tumors. Cell-based assays revealed that INDQ/NO induces DNA damage and is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation

Nucleolin modulates compartmentalization and dynamics of histone 2B-ECFP in the nucleolus

<p>Eukaryotic cells have 2 to ​3 discrete nucleoli required for ribosome synthesis. Nucleoli are phase separated nuclear sub-organelles. Here we examined the role of nuclear Lamins and nucleolar factors in modulating the compartmentalization and dynamics of histone 2B (H2B-ECFP) in the nucleolus. Live imaging and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) of labelled H2B, showed that the depletion of Lamin B1, Fibrillarin (FBL) or Nucleostemin (GNL3), enhances H2B-ECFP mobility in the nucleolus. Furthermore, Nucleolin knockdown significantly decreases H2B-ECFP compartmentalization in the nucleolus, while H2B-ECFP residence and mobility in the nucleolus was prolonged upon Nucleolin overexpression. Co-expression of N-terminal and RNA binding domain (RBD) deletion mutants of Nucleolin or inhibiting 45S rRNA synthesis reduces the sequestration of H2B-ECFP in the nucleolus. Taken together, these studies reveal a crucial role of Nucleolin-rRNA complex in modulating the compartmentalization, stability and dynamics of H2B within the nucleolus.</p

A Small Molecule for Controlled Generation of Peroxynitrite

2-Methyl-3-[1-(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyl­amino)­diazen-1-ium-1,2-diol-2-ato-methyl]-naphthalene-1,4-dione <b>1</b> (HyPR-1), a small molecule containing a superoxide generator strategically linked to a diazeniumdiolate-based nitric oxide donor, is reported. Evidence for HyPR-1’s ability to generate peroxynitrite in the presence of an enzyme as well as enhance peroxynitrite within cells is provided. The utility of this tool in generating peroxynitrite for cellular studies is demonstrated

Figure 1

<p>A: Schematic representation of the experimental design. DLD-1 (parental cell line) was subjected to MMCT to generated derivative cell lines DLD-1+7, DLD-1+18 and DLD-1+19. 3D-FISH was performed on each of the derivative cell lines with the probe combinations indicated. B: <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000199#pone-0000199-t001" target="_blank">Table</a> showing comparisons of DNA content and gene density between Chromosome 7, 18 and 19.</p

Figure 5

<p>Raw distributions of 3D-distance measurements. CT-7 in DLD-1 & DLD-1+7, CT-18 in DLD-1 & DLD-1+18, CT-19 in DLD-1 & DLD-1+19. X-axis: cell line, Y-axis: Normalized radial distance (%) of chromosome territories from the geometric center of the nucleus.</p

Figure 3

<p>A: Maximum intensity projection of a representative confocal image stack with Chromosome territories 7 (Red, Spectrum orange) and 19 (Green, Rhodamine Green) from DLD-1+19 B: A 3D reconstruction of the nucleus and chromosome territories from the image shown in A (X-Y orientation). C: A scheme adopted for 3D distance measurements of chromosome territories in Red (R₁ and R₂) and Green (G₁, G₂, and G₃) from the geometric center of the nucleus (N_c), to the nuclear periphery (N_P). Points on the nuclear periphery (eg. N_pR₁) are extensions from the nuclear center through the geometric center of the chromosome territory. D: 3D reconstruction in B shown in X-Z orientation.</p