13 research outputs found
Thermally Conductive 3D-Printed Carbon-Nanotube-Filled Polymer Nanocomposites for Scalable Thermal Management
Thermal transportation in a preferred
direction is desirable and
important for addressing thermal management issues. With the merits
of high thermal conductivity, good chemical stability, and desirable
mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have a great potential
for wide applications in heat dissipation devices. The combination
of 3D printing and CNTs can enable unlimited possibilities for hierarchically
aligned structural programming. We report the formation of through-plane
aligned multiwalled CNT (MWCNT)-filled polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites
by 3D printing. The as-printed vertically (or through-plane) aligned
structure demonstrates a through-plane thermal conductivity (k⊥) of ∼0.575 W/(mK) at 20 wt %
MWCNT content, which is around 2.64 times that of a horizontally aligned
structure (∼0.218 W/(mK)) and around 5.87 times that of neat
PLA (∼0.098 W/(mK)) at 35 °C. Infrared thermal imaging
performed on 3D-printed MWCNT/PLA heat sink verified the superior
performance of the nanocomposite compared to that of the matrix polymer.
In this study, we achieved the manufacturing of MWCNT/PLA with a high
filler loading and a significant improvement in thermal conductivity
simultaneously. This work paves the way to develop 3D-printed carbon
filler-reinforced polymer composites for thermal-related applications
such as heat sinks or thermal radiators
Three-Dimensional Printable High-Temperature and High-Rate Heaters
High temperature heaters are ubiquitously
used in materials synthesis
and device processing. In this work, we developed three-dimensional
(3D) printed reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based heaters to function
as high-performance thermal supply with high temperature and ultrafast
heating rate. Compared with other heating sources, such as furnace,
laser, and infrared radiation, the 3D printed heaters demonstrated
in this work have the following distinct advantages: (1) the RGO based
heater can operate at high temperature up to 3000 K because of using
the high temperature-sustainable carbon material; (2) the heater temperature
can be ramped up and down with extremely fast rates, up to ∼20 000
K/second; (3) heaters with different shapes can be directly printed
with small sizes and onto different substrates to enable heating anywhere.
The 3D printable RGO heaters can be applied to a wide range of nanomanufacturing
when precise temperature control in time, placement, and the ramping
rate are important
Three-Dimensional Printable High-Temperature and High-Rate Heaters
High temperature heaters are ubiquitously
used in materials synthesis
and device processing. In this work, we developed three-dimensional
(3D) printed reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based heaters to function
as high-performance thermal supply with high temperature and ultrafast
heating rate. Compared with other heating sources, such as furnace,
laser, and infrared radiation, the 3D printed heaters demonstrated
in this work have the following distinct advantages: (1) the RGO based
heater can operate at high temperature up to 3000 K because of using
the high temperature-sustainable carbon material; (2) the heater temperature
can be ramped up and down with extremely fast rates, up to ∼20 000
K/second; (3) heaters with different shapes can be directly printed
with small sizes and onto different substrates to enable heating anywhere.
The 3D printable RGO heaters can be applied to a wide range of nanomanufacturing
when precise temperature control in time, placement, and the ramping
rate are important
3D-Printed Parahydrophobic Functional Textile with a Hierarchical Nanomicroscale Structure
Functional textiles with superhydrophobicity and high
adhesion
to water, called parahydrophobic, are attracting increasing attention
from industry and academia. The hierarchical (micronanoscale) surface
patterns in nature provide an excellent reference for the manufacture
of parahydrophobic functional textiles. However, the replication of
the complex parahydrophobic micronanostructures in nature exceeds
the ability of traditional manufacturing strategies, which makes it
difficult to accurately manufacture controllable nanostructures on
yarn and textiles. Herein, a two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing
strategy with nanoscale process capability was utilized to accurately
construct the functional parahydrophobic yarn with a diameter of 900
μm. Inspired by rose petals, the parahydrophobic yarn is composed
of a hollow round tube, regularly arranged micropapillae (the diameter
is 109 μm), and nanofolds (the distance is 800 nm) on papillae.
The bionic yarn exhibited a superior parahydrophobic behavior, where
the liquid droplet not only was firmly adhered to the bionic yarn
at an inverted angle (180°) but also presented as spherical on
the yarn (the maximum water contact angle is 159°). The fabric
woven by the bionic yarn also exhibited liquid droplet-catching ability
even when tilted vertically or turned upside down. Based on the excellent
parahydrophobic function of bionic yarn, we demonstrated a glove that
has very wide application potential in the fields of water droplet-based
transportation, manipulation, microreactors, microextractors, etc
Carbon Welding by Ultrafast Joule Heating
Carbon nanomaterials
exhibit outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, but these
superior properties are often compromised as nanomaterials are assembled
into bulk structures. This issue of scaling limits the use of carbon
nanostructures and can be attributed to poor physical contacts between
nanostructures. To address this challenge, we propose a novel technique
to build a 3D interconnected carbon matrix by forming covalent bonds
between carbon nanostructures. High temperature Joule heating was
applied to bring the carbon nanofiber (CNF) film to temperatures greater
than 2500 K at a heating rate of 200 K/min to fuse together adjacent
carbon nanofibers with graphitic carbon bonds, forming a 3D continuous
carbon network. The bulk electrical conductivity of the carbon matrix
increased four orders of magnitude to 380 S/cm with a sheet resistance
of 1.75 Ω/sq. The high temperature Joule heating not only enables
fast graphitization of carbon materials at high temperature, but also
provides a new strategy to build covalently bonded graphitic carbon
networks from amorphous carbon source. Because of the high electrical
conductivity, good mechanical structures, and anticorrosion properties,
the 3D interconnected carbon membrane shows promising applications
in energy storage and electrocatalysis fields
3D-Printed Parahydrophobic Functional Textile with a Hierarchical Nanomicroscale Structure
Functional textiles with superhydrophobicity and high
adhesion
to water, called parahydrophobic, are attracting increasing attention
from industry and academia. The hierarchical (micronanoscale) surface
patterns in nature provide an excellent reference for the manufacture
of parahydrophobic functional textiles. However, the replication of
the complex parahydrophobic micronanostructures in nature exceeds
the ability of traditional manufacturing strategies, which makes it
difficult to accurately manufacture controllable nanostructures on
yarn and textiles. Herein, a two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing
strategy with nanoscale process capability was utilized to accurately
construct the functional parahydrophobic yarn with a diameter of 900
μm. Inspired by rose petals, the parahydrophobic yarn is composed
of a hollow round tube, regularly arranged micropapillae (the diameter
is 109 μm), and nanofolds (the distance is 800 nm) on papillae.
The bionic yarn exhibited a superior parahydrophobic behavior, where
the liquid droplet not only was firmly adhered to the bionic yarn
at an inverted angle (180°) but also presented as spherical on
the yarn (the maximum water contact angle is 159°). The fabric
woven by the bionic yarn also exhibited liquid droplet-catching ability
even when tilted vertically or turned upside down. Based on the excellent
parahydrophobic function of bionic yarn, we demonstrated a glove that
has very wide application potential in the fields of water droplet-based
transportation, manipulation, microreactors, microextractors, etc
Carbon Welding by Ultrafast Joule Heating
Carbon nanomaterials
exhibit outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, but these
superior properties are often compromised as nanomaterials are assembled
into bulk structures. This issue of scaling limits the use of carbon
nanostructures and can be attributed to poor physical contacts between
nanostructures. To address this challenge, we propose a novel technique
to build a 3D interconnected carbon matrix by forming covalent bonds
between carbon nanostructures. High temperature Joule heating was
applied to bring the carbon nanofiber (CNF) film to temperatures greater
than 2500 K at a heating rate of 200 K/min to fuse together adjacent
carbon nanofibers with graphitic carbon bonds, forming a 3D continuous
carbon network. The bulk electrical conductivity of the carbon matrix
increased four orders of magnitude to 380 S/cm with a sheet resistance
of 1.75 Ω/sq. The high temperature Joule heating not only enables
fast graphitization of carbon materials at high temperature, but also
provides a new strategy to build covalently bonded graphitic carbon
networks from amorphous carbon source. Because of the high electrical
conductivity, good mechanical structures, and anticorrosion properties,
the 3D interconnected carbon membrane shows promising applications
in energy storage and electrocatalysis fields
3D-Printed Parahydrophobic Functional Textile with a Hierarchical Nanomicroscale Structure
Functional textiles with superhydrophobicity and high
adhesion
to water, called parahydrophobic, are attracting increasing attention
from industry and academia. The hierarchical (micronanoscale) surface
patterns in nature provide an excellent reference for the manufacture
of parahydrophobic functional textiles. However, the replication of
the complex parahydrophobic micronanostructures in nature exceeds
the ability of traditional manufacturing strategies, which makes it
difficult to accurately manufacture controllable nanostructures on
yarn and textiles. Herein, a two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing
strategy with nanoscale process capability was utilized to accurately
construct the functional parahydrophobic yarn with a diameter of 900
μm. Inspired by rose petals, the parahydrophobic yarn is composed
of a hollow round tube, regularly arranged micropapillae (the diameter
is 109 μm), and nanofolds (the distance is 800 nm) on papillae.
The bionic yarn exhibited a superior parahydrophobic behavior, where
the liquid droplet not only was firmly adhered to the bionic yarn
at an inverted angle (180°) but also presented as spherical on
the yarn (the maximum water contact angle is 159°). The fabric
woven by the bionic yarn also exhibited liquid droplet-catching ability
even when tilted vertically or turned upside down. Based on the excellent
parahydrophobic function of bionic yarn, we demonstrated a glove that
has very wide application potential in the fields of water droplet-based
transportation, manipulation, microreactors, microextractors, etc
3D-Printed Parahydrophobic Functional Textile with a Hierarchical Nanomicroscale Structure
Functional textiles with superhydrophobicity and high
adhesion
to water, called parahydrophobic, are attracting increasing attention
from industry and academia. The hierarchical (micronanoscale) surface
patterns in nature provide an excellent reference for the manufacture
of parahydrophobic functional textiles. However, the replication of
the complex parahydrophobic micronanostructures in nature exceeds
the ability of traditional manufacturing strategies, which makes it
difficult to accurately manufacture controllable nanostructures on
yarn and textiles. Herein, a two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing
strategy with nanoscale process capability was utilized to accurately
construct the functional parahydrophobic yarn with a diameter of 900
μm. Inspired by rose petals, the parahydrophobic yarn is composed
of a hollow round tube, regularly arranged micropapillae (the diameter
is 109 μm), and nanofolds (the distance is 800 nm) on papillae.
The bionic yarn exhibited a superior parahydrophobic behavior, where
the liquid droplet not only was firmly adhered to the bionic yarn
at an inverted angle (180°) but also presented as spherical on
the yarn (the maximum water contact angle is 159°). The fabric
woven by the bionic yarn also exhibited liquid droplet-catching ability
even when tilted vertically or turned upside down. Based on the excellent
parahydrophobic function of bionic yarn, we demonstrated a glove that
has very wide application potential in the fields of water droplet-based
transportation, manipulation, microreactors, microextractors, etc
3D-Printed Parahydrophobic Functional Textile with a Hierarchical Nanomicroscale Structure
Functional textiles with superhydrophobicity and high
adhesion
to water, called parahydrophobic, are attracting increasing attention
from industry and academia. The hierarchical (micronanoscale) surface
patterns in nature provide an excellent reference for the manufacture
of parahydrophobic functional textiles. However, the replication of
the complex parahydrophobic micronanostructures in nature exceeds
the ability of traditional manufacturing strategies, which makes it
difficult to accurately manufacture controllable nanostructures on
yarn and textiles. Herein, a two-photon femtosecond laser direct writing
strategy with nanoscale process capability was utilized to accurately
construct the functional parahydrophobic yarn with a diameter of 900
μm. Inspired by rose petals, the parahydrophobic yarn is composed
of a hollow round tube, regularly arranged micropapillae (the diameter
is 109 μm), and nanofolds (the distance is 800 nm) on papillae.
The bionic yarn exhibited a superior parahydrophobic behavior, where
the liquid droplet not only was firmly adhered to the bionic yarn
at an inverted angle (180°) but also presented as spherical on
the yarn (the maximum water contact angle is 159°). The fabric
woven by the bionic yarn also exhibited liquid droplet-catching ability
even when tilted vertically or turned upside down. Based on the excellent
parahydrophobic function of bionic yarn, we demonstrated a glove that
has very wide application potential in the fields of water droplet-based
transportation, manipulation, microreactors, microextractors, etc