Diurnal variations of heart rate and autonomic nervous system activity.

<p>Mean values of 10 subjects were plotted at 30-min intervals for the meal rich in rapeseed oil shown with red line and palm oil shown with blue line. Mean values after breakfast (8:00–12:00 hours), lunch (12:30–16:30 hours) and dinner (19:00–23:00 hours) are also shown. Statistical analyses were performed on averages over 4 h after each meal by repeated-measures two-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. Columns connected by line are statistically different (*P < 0.05).</p

Difference in postprandial fat oxidation between the two conditions at each meal.

<p>The difference in postprandial fat oxidation at each meal was calculated by subtracting fat oxidation over 4 h after the meal rich in palm oil from that of the meal rich in rapeseed oil. Mean values of the difference in postprandial fat oxidation after breakfast, lunch and dinner are shown in the bar graph. Statistical analyses were performed using repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. *P < 0.05 vs. breakfast.</p

Diurnal variations of energy metabolism.

<p>Mean values of 10 subjects were plotted at 30-min intervals for the meals rich in rapeseed oil shown with red line and palm oil shown with blue line. Mean values after breakfast (8:00–12:00 hours), lunch (12:30–16:30 hours) and dinner (19:00–23:00 hours) are also shown. Values in the figure show accumulated energy expenditure and substrate oxidation over 4 h after breakfast, lunch and dinner. Statistical analyses were performed on data at each meal using repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. *P < 0.05 vs. palm oil. †P < 0.05 vs. breakfast within trial.</p

Energy balance, energy metabolism and autonomic nervous system activity in male subjects during 24-h of calorimetry (n = 10)^a.

<p>Energy balance, energy metabolism and autonomic nervous system activity in male subjects during 24-h of calorimetry (n = 10)<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0198858#t002fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects - Fig 1

<p>Time course of energy expenditure (a), carbohydrate oxidation (b) and fat oxidation (c) for sedentary (red) and exercise trials (blue). Mean ± SE values plotted at 1-h intervals except for 6:00–6:30 and 7:30–8:00; 6:00–6:30. Significant differences between exercise and sedentary trials: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.</p

Kansainvälinen opiskelija – kuka olet, minne menet?

Kansainvälisten opiskelijoiden määrä Suomessa on lisääntynyt nopeasti lyhyessä ajassa. Globaalien työelämän ja liikkuvuuden muutosten sekä opiskelijoiden määrällisen kasvun myötä joukko moninaistuu entisestään. Suomeen tullaan monenlaisin kieli-, kulttuuri- ja koulutustaustoin, eikä opiskelijan polku korkeakouluopintojen jälkeen ole kiveen hakattu: jäädä vai lähteä? Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan kansainvälisen opiskelijan käsitettä ja muutaman kansainvälisen opiskelijan ajatuksia opiskelusta ja tulevaisuudesta Suomessa. Artikkeli pohjautuu keväällä 2016 julkaistuun selvitykseen (Saarinen, Vaarala, Haapakangas & Kyckling 2016).nonPeerReviewe

Energy metabolism during 24 h.

<p>Energy metabolism during 24 h.</p

Energy metabolism during exercise.

<p>Energy metabolism during exercise.</p

Multiple regression models predicting HGP×FPI and Rd.

<p>HGP, hepatic glucose production; FPI, fasting plasma insulin.</p><p>Model 1, adjusted for, age, sex, and body mass index; Model 2, adjusted for, age, sex, body mass index, and total fat mass.</p>a<p><i>P</i><0.05,</p>b<p><i>P</i><0.01.</p

Clinical characteristics of the study subjects.

<p>Data are presented as n or mean ± SEM.</p><p>IHL, intrahepatic lipid; IMCL, intramyocellular lipid; AU, arbitrary units; HGP, hepatic glucose production; FPI, fasting plasma insulin; SSPI, steady state plasma insulin; VO₂, basal oxygen consumption rate per body weight.</p><p>*Difference between the non-DM group and the T2DM group.</p>a<p><i>P</i><0.05,</p>b<p><i>P</i><0.01,</p>c<p><i>P</i><0.001.</p