EBAKU BISU: The Spring Festival of the Deori Tribal Community of Assam

The Deori tribe is one of the foremost ethnic tribes in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh in North-East India. They have their Society, culture and traditions which are unknown treasures for the Anthropologies, sociologists and the Researchers. The Deoris were originally priests and worshippers and depended mostly on agriculture for their livelihood. They have their own language to converse amongst themselves. The present study Ebaku Bisu-The Spring Festival of the Deori Community of Assam is comparable to the Rongali Bihu of the greater Assamese community. Here lies the rationalization of the study of the particular topic

Intrusion detection using clustering

In increasing trends of network environment every one gets connected to the system. So there is need of securing information, because there are lots of security threats are present in network environment. A number of techniques are available for intrusion detection. Data mining is the one of the efficient techniques available for intrusion detection. Data mining techniques may be supervised or unsuprevised.Various Author have applied various clustering algorithm for intrusion detection, but all of these are suffers form class dominance, force assignment and No Class problem. This paper proposes a hybrid model to overcome these problems. The performance of proposed model is evaluated over KDD Cup 1999 data set

A study of the current prescribing and drug utilization pattern in Ophthalmology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: The aim was to study the current prescribing and drug utilization pattern in Ophthalmology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Drug utilization study is a part of pharmaco-epidemiological exercise quantifying the extent, nature and determinants of drug use in a population. Periodic audit of drug usage pattern forms an essential tool to ascertain the role of drug in a society, increase therapeutic efficacy and improve cost effectiveness of the therapy. It is an introspective and critical instrument providing positive impact on health care delivery to the patient. With this background, the present study was carried out to analyze the prescription pattern and drug utilization by measuring the WHO drug use indicators in ophthalmology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: The prescriptions of 961 outpatients were included and analyzed using a predesigned case record form OPD prescription of each patient. Patient and prescription related parameters were analyzed.Results: Prescription analysis showed that the average number of drugs per prescription was 1.85. The drugs were prescribed in the form of eye drops (67.42%), followed by ointments (14.37%), capsules (15.45%), and tablets (2.71%). The dosage form and frequency of drug administration was indicated for all of the drugs prescribed, the duration of treatment for 60.97% of the drugs prescribed. Antimicrobial agents and tear substitute together constituted above 50% of all the drugs. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from NEDL was 31.62% and 37.22%, respectively. Patient’s knowledge of correct dosage was 70.44%.Conclusions: This study showed that there is scope for improvement in prescribing patterns in areas of writing generic names of drugs, essential drugs, writing legible and complete prescriptions

JACKFRUIT SEED AS A NOVEL SUBSTRATE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ACIDOPHILIC AND ACID-STABLE α-AMYLASE FROM BACILLUS SP.4

Objective: The objective of the current study is to do a comparative analysis of the ability of a strain of Bacillus to grow and produce α-amylase on various agro-residues under solid state fermentation (SSF), as amylases comprise one of the most important enzymes in industries. Methods: Bacteria were isolated from various soil samples by serial dilution method, screened for amylase production by rapid screening method on starch agar plates and the best amylase producer was chosen. The best isolate was cultured on different agro-residues such as wheat bran, watermelon outer rind, Avarekai seed coat (Dolichos lablab), coconut endosperm, and jackfruit seeds for maximum amylase production. The pH and temperature optima of the enzyme were determined by culturing the bacteria under different pH and temperatures. The crude enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography methods. Results: The best isolate chosen was Bacillus sp.4, which produced an acidophilic and acid-stable α-amylase with maximum enzyme production at the acidic pH of 5.5 and 6.5 (21.11 and 21.62 U/mg protein, respectively) and maximum stability at pH 5.5. Jackfruit seed was found to be the most suitable agro waste for α-amylase production by our isolate. Purification of the enzyme by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography resulted in 23.17-fold increase in its activity (86.67 U/mg protein). Conclusion: Considering its acid-stable and highly promising enzyme activities, the enzyme from this bacterial isolate can be further characterized for future applications in starch and other food industries

The use of ATC/DDD WHO 2016 and Prescription audit study in the Dermatology OPD of a tertiary care hospital in Jharkhand

Background: To study the prescribing patterns, rationale of drug usage and use of anatomical, therapeutic, chemical (ATC) and defined daily dosage (DDD) classification for the monitoring of drug utilization in the dermatology department of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted in out-patients department of dermatology at RIMS, Ranchi over a period of two months. Rationale of drug usage was assessed by analysing the prescriptions. Defined daily dosage/1000 patients/day of the commonly used medications was compared to the defined daily dosage by World Health Organization in 2016. Data was analysed by statistical tools. Most of the results were expressed in percentages.Results: The prescriptions were rational in most of the cases. Emphasis was more towards the branded drugs. Polypharmacy was evident in many of the prescriptions. The number of DDD/1000 patients/day in cases of antifungals was more than the WHO DDD and less than the WHO DDD in case of antihistaminics.Conclusions: The number of drugs per prescription must be rationalized so as to avoid polypharmacy. The drugs should be prescribed by their generic names also along with the brand names. Generic medicines should be available in the hospital pharmacy so that a more cost-effective treatment can be assured. CMEs and stewardship programs for health care professionals regarding rational drug usage should be organized.

Enhancement in hole current density on polarization in poly(3-hexylthiophene):cadmium selenide quantum dot nanocomposite thin films

We demonstrate the effect of polarization on space charge limited J-V behavior in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):cadmium selenide (CdSe) ( ∼ 5 nm) quantum dot nanocomposite thin films in hole-only device configuration, indium tin oxide/poly(ethylene-dioxthiophene):polystyrenesulphonate/P3HT:CdSe/Au. Current density has been found to enhance in these hybrid films on polarization. This has been attributed to decrease in characteristic trap energy from 32 to 27 meV, trap density from 1.7×1018 to 1×1018 cm−3 and increase in hole mobility from 2.6×10−6 to 7.7×10−6 cm2 V−1 s−1 due to field induced enhanced order by dipolar alignment and/or trapping of charge carriers at the nanoscale interfacial boundaries of P3HT and CdSe quantum dots