Design of digital thermometer and application in electrospinning

Electrospinning is currently available one of the best fibre forming technology with many advantages over previously available methods. But still this process requires a lot of optimization. In my project I mainly focused on design of digital thermometer which can be further used for real time temperature measurement during the run of electrospinning process. LM 35 sensor and At-mega 32 microcontroller was used. Seven segment display is used for the display of temperature. The thesis mainly covers the basics of electrospinning, factors affecting it and how to control the parameters for its optimization. But mainly the thesis focused on the design of digital thermometer. At different temperature SEM of fibre produced were taken and it was observed that at higher temperature fibre diameter decreases .So temperature control is an important aspect in electrospinning to control fibre diameter and for production of smooth fibers

A convenient one-pot synthesis of amines from aldoximes mediated by Koser’s reagent

A simple and convenient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of aromatic amine by a one-pot reaction of aromatic aldoxime with hypervalent iodine(III) reagent [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB, Koser’s reagent), in an alkaline medium. The aldoxime reacts with Koser’s reagent to form an intermediate hydroxamic acid, which then undergoes Lossen type rearrangement to produce the desired amine. Several amines have been prepared which otherwise are difficult to prepare, by the reduction of corresponding nitro compounds. The scopes and limitations of this transformation have been discussed

Reliable Functionalization of 5,6-Fused Bicyclic N-Heterocycles Pyrazolopyrimidines and Imidazopyridazines via Zinc and Magnesium Organometallics

DFT-calculations allow prediction of the reactivity of uncommon N-heterocyclic scaffolds of pyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines and imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines and considerably facilitate their functionalization. The derivatization of these N-heterocycles was realized using Grignard reagents for nucleophilic additions to 5-chloropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and TMP2Zn center dot 2MgCl(2)center dot 2LiCl allowed regioselective zincations. In the case of 6-chloroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine, bases such as TMP2Zn center dot MgCl2 center dot 2 LiCl, in the presence or absence of BF3 center dot OEt2, led to regioselective metalations at positions 3 or 8. Subsequent functionalizations were achieved with TMPMgCl center dot LiCl, producing various polysubstituted derivatives (up to penta-substitution). X-ray analysis confirmed the regioselectivity for key functional heterocycles

Thermolysis of medical plastic wastes using Zeolite A catalyst-kinetic study, experimental optimisation and validation

This work reports the thermo-catalytic conversion of medical plastic wastes to fuel oil using the detergent grade Zeolite A as the catalyst. The effect of catalyst on the pyrolysis is ascertained from the kinetic data obtained from thermogravimetric analysis assuming it to be a first-order reaction. A significant reduction in activation energy of the thermal degradation reaction is found in presence of the Zeolite A catalyst. The pyrolysis runs were performed at different temperatures from 400–550 °C in a stainless-steel batch reactor system to obtain an optimum condition for suitable waste to energy process. The highest oil yield of 79% was obtained at 500 °C with 10% catalyst concentration. The thermogravimetric analysis and the batch pyrolysis experimental result indicated a promising effect of the catalyst in terms of the enhanced rate of reaction and conversion. The oil fraction obtained in the optimum condition of catalytic pyrolysis was analysed for its composition and fuel properties. It confirmed the presence of branched alkane and alkene with composition C10–C18. Again, the fuel properties of the oil such as specific gravity (0.793), viscosity (3.75Cst@ 30 °C), and flash point (<11 °C) resemble that of the petro fuels. Neural Networks (NNs) are used to recognize patterns, and relationships in data and validate the experimental results of this reaction and the results indicate that the use of ANN in thermo-catalytic degradation of medical waste to fuel oil is a feasible option that should be considered for real-time applications

Prebiotically Plausible Autocatalytic Peptide Amyloids

The prebiotic emergence of molecules capable of both self-replication and of storing information was a defining event at the dawn of life. Still, a plausibly prebiotic self-replication of biologically relevant molecules has not been demonstrated. Building upon the known templating nature of amyloids we present two systems in which the products of a peptide bond-forming reaction act as self-replicators to enhance the yield and stereoselectivity of their formation. This first report of an amino acid condensation reaction that can undergo autocatalysis further supports the potential role of amyloids in prebiotic molecular evolution as an environment-responsive and information-coding system capable of self-replication.ISSN:0947-6539ISSN:1521-376

A copper-catalyzed synthesis of 3-aroylindoles via a sp³ C–H bond activation followed by C–C and C–O bond formation

An efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed synthesis of 3-aroylindoles has been achieved from o-alkynylated N,N-dimethylamines via a sp3 C–H bond activation α to the nitrogen atom followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack with the alkyne using an aqueous solution of Tert-butyl Hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant. In this tandem catalytic synthesis of 3-aroylindoles both C–C and C–O bonds are installed at the expense of two sp3 C–H bond cleavages

[Portrait of Unknown Faculty Woman]

Faculty. Portrait of unknown woman